Understanding supercapacitors based on nano-hybrid materials with interfacial conjugation

The recent fast development of supercapacitors,also known scientifically as electrochemical capacitors,has benefited significantly from synthesis,characterisations and electrochemistry of nanomaterials.Herein,the principle of supercapacitors is explained in terms of performance characteristics and charge storage mechanisms,i.e.double layer(or interfacial) capacitance and pseudo-capacitance.The semiconductor band model is applied to qualitatively account for the pseudo-capacitance in association with rectangular cyclic voltammograms(CVs) and linear galvanostatic charging and discharging plots(GCDs),aiming to differentiate supercapacitors from rechargeable batteries.The invalidity of using peak shaped CVs and non-linear GCDs for capacitance measurement is highlighted.A selective review is given to the nano-hybrid materials between carbon nanotubes and redox active materials such as electronically conducting polymers and transition metal oxides.A new concept,"interfacial conjugation",is introduced to reflect the capacitance enhancement resulting from π-π stacking interactions at the interface between two materials with highly conjugated chemical bonds.The prospects of carbon nanotubes and graphenes for supercapacitor applications are briefly compared and discussed.Hopefully,this article can help readers to understand supercapacitors and nano-hybrid materials so that further developments in materials design and synthesis,and device engineering can be more efficient and objective.     

129Cs的原子核形状研究

利用重离子融合蒸发反应124Sn(11B,6n)129Cs布居了129Cs的高自旋态,束流能量为65 MeV。实验重建了129Cs的能级纲图,几条新的能级被观测到。利用多普勒线移衰减法测量了部分转动带的能级寿命,提取了129Cs转动带的电四极矩。转动带的旋称劈裂显示,g7/2,h11/2转动带的顺排分别来至于质子顺排和中子顺排。根据提取的电四极矩分析可以看出,在较低自旋处,h11/2转动带的电四极矩小于g7/2转动带;129Cs的3个转动带在准粒子顺排后,原子核形状均发生了明显变化。TRS理论计算结果较好反映了g7/2,h11/2轨道质子对129Cs原子核不同γ形状的驱动效应。     

基于自然语言理解的机械产品需求分析及用例转换研究

本文论述了基于自然语言理解的机械产品需求分析基本模型和用例转换解决方案。在自然语言理解的基础上,通过对ICTCLAS分词系统的优化,利用计算机技术将需求分解为用例元,并对用例元进行分析,以获得产品需求信息和准则。     

离散时间控制定理的注记

在没有单调性的假设下证明了离散时间Morkov过程的控制定理。     

电池反应与电池及电动势的对应关系

对于一个有不止一种价态的过渡元素及其离子的氧化还原反应，可以对应两种电池，这两种电池的电动势相差简单整数倍；而由汞及其两种离子的溶液组成的两种电池的电动势是相等的。     

电子冲击下类氢离子ls→ns激发散射的微分截面

本文用已导出的电子与高离化态类氢离子ls→ns、np跃迁振幅在Coulomb—Born近似下的非分波公式.计算了电子冲击能量分别为1.1、2和5倍阀值.核电荷Z分别为2、6和50的类氢离子1s→2s、3s激发微分截面.详细地研究了强库仑场下各能区截面的角分布特征。     

GaAs中过渡金属深能级的量子化学计算

本文采用17个原子的原子蔟,用电荷-组态自洽的EHMO方法,计算了中性过渡金属原子Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni在半导体GaAs中的深杂质态,所得杂质能级在能隙中的位置与实验结果较好地符合.     

Transition Xtras在Authorware中的应用

本文介绍了Authorware中Transition Xtras的使用，包括本身自带的和第三方厂商提供的，以及在使用中的一些注意问题．     

用自旋标记ESR波谱法测定磷脂的相变温度

用自旋标记物Ｔｅｍｐｏ（２，２，６，６－四甲基哌啶－１－氮氧基）标记生物膜磷脂ＤＰＰＣ（二棕榈酰胆碱）；用电子顺磁共振波谱仪测定该磷脂的相变温度；用差示扫描量热仪对结果进行验证和比较，指出自旋标记ＥＳＲ波谱法测定磷脂相变温度的优点。     

THE EFFECT OF TRANSITION METAL IONS-MANGANESE ON HYDROGEN PEROXIDE BLEACHING

INTRODUCTIONHydrogen peroxide bleaching has been extensively used in high-yield pulp bleaching. It is well known that hydrogen peroxide can be decomposed under alkaline conditions, especially when transition metal ions are present. Recent studies showed that valence of transition metal ions is a significant factor in these reactions.Among various transition metal ions, manganese ions are the most harmful species during alkaline peroxide bleaching. Manganese has seven valence electrons (3d…