Bioinformatics analysis of two-component regulatory systems in Staphylococcus epidermidis

Sixteen pairs of two-component regulatory systems are identified in the genome of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228 strain, which is newly sequenced by our laboratory for Medical Molecular Virology and Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, by using bioinformatics analysis. Comparative analysis of the twocomponent regulatory systems in S. epidermidis and that of S.aureus and Bacillus sublilis shows that these systems may regulate some important biological functions, e.g. growth,biofilm formation, and expression of virulence factors in S.epidermidis. Two conserved domains, i.e. HATPase_c and REC domains, are found in all 16 pairs of two-component proteins.Homologous modelling analysis indicates that there are 4 similar HATPase_c domain structures of histidine kinases and 13 similar REC domain structures of response regulators,and there is one AMP-PNP binding pocket in the HATPase_c domain and three active aspartate residues in the REC domain. Preliminary experiment reveals that the bioinformatics analysis of the conserved domain structures in the two-component regulatory systems in S. epidermidis may provide useful information for discovery of potential drug target.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

大分子拥挤试剂对人肌肌酸激酶折叠途径的影响作用研究

为研究大分子拥挤试剂对蛋白质折叠过程的影响作用及其机制提供有价值的依据,在大分子拥挤环境下进行了人肌肌酸激酶的折叠动力学研究,发现质量浓度高的大分子拥挤试剂(ρ=200 g·L-1的BSA、 Dextran 70与Ficoll 70)通过增进部分折叠中间体的错误聚集,使酶的复性产率显著降低.相对质量浓度较低的大分子拥挤试剂(ρ≤100 g·L-1)对酶的复性产率影响不大,但对酶复性的动力学过程有较大影响,一方面可使无活性单体的二聚化变为复性速率最慢的限速步骤,另一方面又加快了二聚化的折叠中间体到天然构象的复性过程.     

JAK2在生长激素介导的信号传导中的作用

在细胞水平上，JAK2在生长激素介导的信号传导中具重要作用。生长激素与生长激素膜蛋白受体结合，激活胞质酪氨酸激酶JAK2后，JAK2自身磷酸化。同时磷酸化生长激素膜蛋白受体，从而形成信号传导因子与转录激活因子、适配蛋白Shc等细胞信号分子高亲和位点。生长激素刺激下的JAK2也会磷酸化胰岛素受体底物，从而激活磷酯酰肌糖3激酶以及其它相关的调节新陈代谢的生物分子活性。而且JAK2还能激活适配蛋白SH2-B。这些因子和激活途径可能是生长激素作用于机体并调节机体生长代谢的基础。     

后期叶面追施氮肥对小麦碳氮代谢的影响

小麦生育后期叶面追施氮肥,显著地提高小麦后期功能叶的光合强度,硝酸还原酶活力;旗叶总氮含量和叶绿素含量;有效地防止了功能叶的早衰,产量增加18.1—34.6%,籽粒蛋白质含量增加38.9—116.5%;单位面积的蛋白质收获量增加近两倍;此外穗部性状也大大改善。这些结果充分表明;在小麦生育后期叶面追施氮肥有很好的效应,尤其在品质改良上将做出贡献。     

LY333531对高糖高脂下系膜细胞分泌细胞外基质的影响

探讨PKCβ抑制剂(LY333531)对高糖高脂环境下系膜细胞分泌细胞外基质(ECM)的影响,单独培养人肾小球系膜细胞,实验分为对照组、LY333531组、高糖高脂组、高糖高脂+LY333531组.首先采用qRTPCR检测PKCβI的表达,然后通过ELISA法检测细胞上清液Col IV、Fn的含量.结果显示,高糖高脂组相较于对照组,PKCβI mRNA的表达水平明显增加(P0.05),LY333531可以明显抑制PKCβI的表达(P0.05);高糖高脂组相较于对照组,细胞上清液Col IV、Fn含量明显增加(P0.05),而这种作用可被LY333531所抑制(P0.05).表明高糖高脂可通过促进系膜细胞PKCβI表达从而诱导ECM的分泌,增加肾纤维化发生的风险,而LY333531可明显抑制这种作用.