高分子减阻系统中小型液体喷射器的理论研究和应用

为了解决高分子减阻液注入有压管路系统,使之产生减阻效应,本文提供了一个适用于抽送微量高分子减阻液的小型液体喷射器加料系统,给出了能较好反映实验规律的喷射器基本方程,提出了预报和控制喷射器工作状态的方法。     

淬火对聚合物薄膜电荷存贮寿命的影响

淬火可以使聚合物薄膜材料改性。本文主要通过TSD电流谱,研究淬火对高聚物薄膜驻极体电荷存贮寿命的影响。对淬火前样品的升温率、淬火时间、淬火温度、淬火后和注极前存放时间等因素与样品注入电荷稳定性的关系进行探讨,并试从晶体结构变化角度进行一些初步解释。     

Performance improvement of hybrid polymer membranes for wastewater treatment by introduction of micro reaction locations

This article reviews the progresses on polymer membranes embedded with novel inorganic nanomaterials to provide micro reaction locations (MRLs) in the polymer matrices for wastewater treatment. Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, especially polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polysulfone (PSF) membranes, are broadly applied in wastewater treatment. The strategy of embedding functional nanomaterials into the polymer matrices has been extensively investigated to enhance the integrated properties of polymer membrane. Nevertheless, the performance enhancement just comes from physical interactions between nanomaterials and wastes, while the chemical interactions are not involved, thus limiting further improvements. In order to further enhance the integrated properties of polymer membranes, functional inorganic nanomaterials that can chemically react with the wastes are proposed and embedded into the polymer membranes to form many MRLs. In this paper, the strategies for embedding functional nanomaterials such as sulfated TiO₂ deposited SiO₂ nanotubes, solid superacid porous ZrO₂ shell/void/TiO₂ core particles and porous Y_xFe_yZr_1-x-yO₂ coated TiO₂ solid superacid nanoparticles in polymer membranes were presented and the enhancement effect of MRLs on their integrated properties for wastewater treatments was discussed. Therefore, polymer membranes embedded with functional inorganic nanomaterials with MRLs are potentially applied in various wastewater treatments.     

Polymeric artificial solid/electrolyte interphases for Li-ion batteries

During the operation of Li-ion batteries(LIBs),solvent and electrolyte decomposition takes place at the electrode surface to form a so-called solid-electrode interphase(SEI) passivating-layer.The physical structure and chemical composition of the SEI exert profound effects on various aspects of the electrode performance of the batteries.A new concept of forming polymeric artificial SEIs(A-SEIs) based on rational design of multifunctional polymer-blend coating to achieve favorable electrode/A-SEI/electrolyte interfacial properties is described.Three examples using binary and ternary polymer blends to form mechanically robust and highly Li-ion permeable surface coatings with selected functionalities in the cases of graphite and silicon–graphite composite electrodes have demonstrated greatly enhanced capacity,rate and cycle performance.Given the rich chemistry available from polymer blends,this surface preconditioning approach holds great promise for improving the performance of various negative electrodes to meet the requirements for advanced LIBs.     

Flexible heat pipes with integrated bioinspired design

In this work we report the facile fabrication and performance evaluation of flexible heat pipes that have integrated bioinspired wick structures and flexible polyurethane polymer connector design between the copper condenser and evaporator. Inside the heat pipe, a bioinspired superhydrophilic strong-base-oxidized copper mesh with multi-scale micro/nano-structures was used as the wicking material and deionized water was selected as working fluid. Thermal resistances of the fabricated flexible heat pipes charged with different filling ratios were measured under thermal power inputs ranging from 2 W to 12 W while the device was bent at different angles. The fabricated heat pipes with a 30% filling ratio demonstrated a low thermal resistance less than 0.01 K/W. Compared with the vertically oriented straight heat pipes, bending from 30° up to 120° has negligible influence on the heat-transfer performance. Furthermore, repeated heating tests indicated that the fabricated flexible heat pipes have consistent and reliable heat-transfer performance, thus would have important applications for advanced thermal management in three dimensional and flexible electronic devices.     

DPD方法模拟嵌段共聚物PP-g-PA6对PP/PA6共混相容性的影响

应用耗散粒子动力学（DPD）模拟方法研究不同共混比PP/PA6的介观相貌及动力学演变过程。加入适量PP-g-PA6后比较研究PP-g-PA6作为相容剂对PP/PA6在不同混合比下相形态的影响,发现在一定混合比下加入少量PP-g-PA6能改变PP/PA6的介观形貌。此外,为研究不同添加量PP-g-PA6对PP/PA6相容性的影响,相对PP和PA6总量分别为2%,4%,6%,8%和10%的PP-g-PA6被加入到90PP/10PA6体系中。结果发现少量的PP-g-PA6能降低共混体系界面张力,提高共混相容性,但是过量的PP-g-PA6会使得体系PA6发生相溶胀从而使体系界面张力变大,不利于体系相相容。     

加载速度对聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸脂脆性断面形态及特征尺寸的影响

通过对不同加载速度下的聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸脂三点弯曲试样断面形态特征进行仔细的观察分析和测量,考察了断面形态及其特征尺寸随加载速度产生的变化,并对其机制进行了探讨。结果表明：随加载速度增大,断面镜面区（ＰＳ）、平坦区（ＰＣ）尺寸减小,并在超过某一加载速度后趋于恒定;肋条（ＰＳ）和周期条纹（ＰＣ）宽度线性减小。     

一种新的高分子铑配合物的结构和性能

合成了一种新的含未配位氮和氧两种不同配位能力原子的高分子顺二羰基铑（I）配 合物—聚2-乙烯吡啶-顺丁烯二酸甲酯/铑（即PVMRh）,用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和红外光谱 （IR）进行了跟踪分析,确定了PVMRh存在的配位结构特征,发现这种结构特征和配合物的稳定 性有密切关系;并在可比条件下,以甲醇羰基化实验对这一新配合物与现有工业催化剂的催化性 能进行了比较.     

用马克条纹法测量极化聚合物d33过程的优化分析

利用标准马克条纹方法,测量DR1/PMMA侧链型有机聚合物电晕极化过程中的二次谐波强度,并与标准石英片比较得出极化聚合物非线性系数,同时得到了聚合物最佳极化温度和极化电压.     

基于Ag+金属中心的硅钨杂多酸配位聚合物的合成及其电化学性能研究

本文利用水热合成法得到了一种基于银离子金属中心的硅钨杂多酸(H₃SiW₁₂O₄₀)配位聚合物材料([Ag₄(BPB)₄SiW₁₂O₄₀])(简称，化合物1).单晶X-射线衍射分析表明，结构中存在Ag1、Ag2和Ag3三种银离子，分别采用2、3、4配位的方式通过Ag-N键连接有机配体，又通过Ag-O键连接多酸分子. Ag1连接有机配体形成左手、右手螺旋链，并连接多酸分子形成梯形链. Ag2连接有机配体和多酸分子形成二维4,4-sql拓扑格子层，梯形链与格子层共用多酸分子. Ag3连接有机配体形成一维链贯穿于二维层，最终形成整体的三维结构.此外，利用复合改性玻碳电极(GCE)作为工作电极对材料的电化学性能进行了研究.电化学分析结果表明，材料可作为还原NaNO₃的电催化剂.