MGB probe assay for rapid detection of mtDNAl1778 mutation in the Chinese LHON patients by real-time PCR

Objective： Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy （LHON） is a maternally inherited degeneration of the optic nerve caused by point mutations of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA）. Many unsolved questions regarding the penetrance and pathophysiological mechanism of LHON demand efficient and reliable mutation testing. This study aims to develop a minor groove binder （MGB） probe assay for rapid detection of mtDNA11778 mutation and heteroplasmy in Chinese LHON patients by real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Methods： Forty-eight patients suspected of having LHON and their maternal relatives underwent a molecular genetic evaluation, with 20 normal individuals as a control group at the same time. A real-time PCR involving two MGB probes was used to detect the mtDNA 1 1778 mutation and heteroplasmy. A linear standard curve was obtained by pUCmLHONG and pUCmLHONA clones. Results： All 48 LHON patients and their maternal relatives were positive for rntDNA11778 mutation in our assay, 27 heteroplasmic and 21 homoplasmic. Eighteen cases did not show an occurrence of the disease, while 9 developed the disease among the 27 heteroplasmic mutation cases. Eleven did not show an occurrence of the disease, while 10 cases developed the disease among 21 homoplasmic mutation cases. There was a significant difference in the incidence between the heteroplasmic and the homoplasmic mutation types. The time needed for running a real-time PCR assay was only 80 min. Conclusion： This real-time PCR assay is a rapid, reliable method for mtDNA mutation detection as well as heteroplasmy quantification. Detecting this ratio is very important for predicting phenotypic expression of unaffected carriers.     

Keratinase production and keratin degradation by a mutant strain of Bacillus subtilis

A new feather-degrading bacterium was isolated from a local feather waste site and identified as Bacillus subtilis based on morphological, physiochemical, and phylogenetic characteristics. Screening for mutants with elevated keratinolytic activity using N-methyl-N＇-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis resulted in a mutant strain KD-N2 producing keratinolytic activity about 2.5 times that of the wild-type strain. The mutant strain produced inducible keratinase in different substrates of feathers, hair, wool and silk under submerged cultivation. Scanning electron microscopy studies showed the degradation of feathers, hair and silk by the keratinase. The optimal conditions for keratinase production include initial pH of 7.5, inoculum size of 2% （v/v）, age of inoculum of 16 h, and cultivation at 23 ℃. The maximum keratinolytic activity of KD-N2 was achieved after 30 h. Essential amino acids like threonine, valine, methionine as well as ammonia were produced when feathers were used as substrates. Strain KD-N2, therefore, shows great promise of finding potential applications in keratin hydrolysis and keratinase production.     

用PS中的图层样式制作真实水滴

本文主要介绍了通过PS中的图层样式制作真实水滴的过程.     

冶金级硅酸洗提纯研究

冶金工艺被认为是非常有前途的一种有别于传统的西门子工艺而且能够满足市场对太阳能级硅需求的工艺.冶金级硅的预处理是冶金提纯工艺路径中非常重要的一个环节,因为酸洗可以有效地去除硅中的金属杂质例如铝、铁和钙等.通过系统性的对比试验对酸洗工艺去除硅中杂质的效果进行了详细的研究,分别探讨了酸的种类、酸的浓度、酸洗时间、酸洗温度以及硅粉颗粒粒径对杂质去除效率的影响.研究结果表明最佳的酸洗工艺参数为15%的盐酸,80℃,10h和100μm.在最佳酸洗工艺参数条件下金属杂质铝、铁和钙的去除率分别为70.90%、94.82%和82.69%.     

骨桥蛋白在免疫中的作用

骨桥蛋白（OPN）是一种多功能的磷酸化糖蛋白,其涉及多种病理生理学过程.近来研究发现骨桥蛋白通过不同的翻译起始位点产生两种形式的蛋白,即分泌型骨桥蛋白（ sOPN,secreted OPN）和胞内型骨桥蛋白（iOPN,intracellular OPN）.本文主要介绍了sOPN及iOPN在免疫应答中的作用.     

纤维布加固无粘结预应力梁抗弯试验研究

通过试验对纤维布加固无粘结预应力梁的破坏形态、受力性能、截面应变分布以及挠度变化等进行了研究,主要讨论了加固梁在不同纤维布加固层数、不同加固前预损伤作用和不同加固纤维材料下的性能．试验结果表明：通过粘贴芳纶纤维布、碳纤维布材料都可以有效地提高无粘结预应力梁的受弯极限承载力;当采用多层纤维布加固时,加固梁的受弯极限承载力提高幅度与粘贴纤维布层数的增加呈单调递减的规律;加固前,施加20％、40％对比梁极限承载力预损伤对加固性能影响不大;同层数纤维布加固,芳纶纤维布与碳纤维布加固梁的受力效果相似,受弯极限承载力相近,裂缝开展和刚度变化存在差异．在试验研究的基础上,通过有限元软件ABAQUS进行了模拟计算研究,模拟结果表明,ABAQUS可以真实反映纤维布加固无粘结预应力梁的整个受力过程,模拟值与试验值吻合较好．最后根据试验以及数学模拟中反映出的规律,建立了纤维布加固无粘结预应力梁极限抗弯承载力的实用理论公式,理论计算结果与试验结果符合较好．     

基于OBB与八叉树的数控加工碰撞干涉算法的研究

为了提高碰撞干涉的检测速度,在构造层次包围盒时融合OBB与包围球的优点,能首先将多数明显不相交物体对快速排除。干涉检测分为快速检测和详细检测两阶段,先采用分层OBB结合八叉树的算法,快速检测出可能存在干涉碰撞的叶子节点;再在包含干涉叶子节点的三角面片和OBB的三角面片之间采用基于三角面—三角形相交检测算法,实现详细干涉检测。由于刀具路径离散点具有连续性,可以设置缓冲区来减少需要处理的节点数。这些改进有效简化算法,从而提高了碰撞干涉检测的效率。     

基于IEEE1588的光纤通信同步系统

为了提高同步系统的时间精度,本文基于IEEE1588以及FPGA协议设计了带有透明时钟(TC)的交换机系统。该系统只用在MAC层对数据报进行处理,减少了数据报在交换机中的驻留时间,消除了由边界时钟(BC)引起的环路控制的影响,提升了系统的性能。     

Simulation of mode conversion at the magnetopause

Two-dimensional(2-D)and three-dimensional(3-D)hybrid simulations are carried out for mode conversion from fast mode compressional wave to kinetic Alfvn waves(KAWs)at the inhomogeneous magnetopause boundary.For cases in which the incident fast wave propagates in the xz plane,with the magnetopause normal along x and the background magnetic field pointing along z,the 2-D (xz)simulation shows that KAWs with large wave number kxρi～1 are generated near the Alfve′n resonance surface,whereρi is the ion Larmor radius.Several nonlinear wave properties are manifest in the mode conversion process.Harmonics of the driver frequency are generated.As a result of nonlinear wave interaction,the mode conversion region and its spectral width are broadened.In the 3-D simulation,after this first stage of the mode conversion to KAWs with large kx,a subsequent generation of KAW modes of finite ky is observed in the later stage,through a nonlinear parametric decay process.Since the nonlinear cascade to ky can lead to massive transport at the magnetopause,the simulation results provide an effective transport mechanism at the plasma boundaries in space as well as laboratory plasmas.     

高职高专photoshop图像处理课程的教学研究与实践

为了提高photoshop图像处理课程的教学质量,达到培养应用型人才的目标。提出要注重第一堂课激发学生的学习兴趣：分析了案例教学法和任务驱动教学法应该注意的问题,采用案例教学法和任务驱动教学法相结合促进学生分析能力和综合应用能力的提高。完善考评机制,提高学生的学习积极性。