生物阴极的构建方法对偶氮染料降解过程的影响

生物阴极可以强化偶氮染料在生物电化学系统中的脱色降解过程.针对三种不同的生物阴极构建方法进行了评估分析.实验结果表明,三种方法都可以加速偶氮染料在阴极的脱色降解,反应过程基本属于一级动力学过程.其中利用生物阳极反转方法构建的生物阴极展示出了最大的催化电流(0.12 mA)和偶氮染料去除效率(85.2%),厌氧污泥接种方法构成的生物阴极在电子回收率方面具备优势(71.8%).对生物阴极的微生物群落结构进行分析,发现电极表面存在着大量与电化学活性和偶氮染料脱色功能相关的微生物,表明生物阴极的强化作用与微生物膜的组成密切相关.     

Performances improvement of eosin Y sensitized solar cells by modifying TiO2 electrode with silane-coupling reagent

Chemical fixing of xanthene dye （eosin Y） on the surface of TiO2 electrode was carried out by modifying the electrode with silane-coupling reagent to obtain stable dye-sensitized TiO2 electrode. Such silane modification can not only evidently enhance the stability of dye-sensitized TiO2 electrode but also improve the energy conversion efficiency of the assembled cells by increasing short-circuit photocurrent （Jsc） and open-circuit photovoltage （Voc）. It was found that the improvements of cell performances differ depending on the composition of the electrolyte. The optimum cell of the cell performance was achieved in the electrolyte with 0.5 mol/L TBAI/0.05 mol/L 12/EC：PC（3：1 w/w）, yielding Jsc of 4.69 mA. cm-2, Voc of 0,595 V, fill factor （FF） of 0.64 and ηof 1,78%, Different spectroscopic techniques including UV-Vis spectra, fluorescence spectra, EIS and dark current measurements were employed to derive reasonable analysis and explanations.     

球衣菌对染料的耐受性及其脱色特性研究

从福州祥坂污水处理厂的活性污泥混合液中分离到1株球衣菌,并就其对染料的耐受性及脱色特性进行了研究.结果表明,该菌株对直接耐晒黑、酸性黑ATT等偶氮染料具有良好的耐受性,对碱性橙、碱性棕染料耐受性一般,而对孔雀石绿和碱性品蓝等染料的耐受性较差.综合考虑耐受性及脱色效果,选择酸性黑ATT作为脱色实验染料.该菌对酸性黑ATT的最大耐受极限为1.9 g/L.其脱色效果受温度、pH值、装液量和培养时间的影响较大.酸性黑ATT的最佳脱色条件为:pH值为7.0,温度为28 ℃,培养基装液量为60 mL,接种量为4%,培养时间为4 d.在此条件下,菌株对酸性黑ATT的脱色率可达93.30%.     

染料吸附条件对氯化银微晶光电子特性的影响

利用微波吸收介电谱检测技术,测量了不同染料吸附条件下立方体氯化银乳剂的自由光电子衰减曲线,发现增感乳剂比未增感乳剂的自由光电子衰减变快,这是由于染料吸附增加了氯化银中的Agi+.对于增感乳剂,自由光电子衰减越快,说明染料吸附效果越好,相应的增感效果也就越佳.通过分析自由光电子衰减时间和寿命随染料吸附浓度和时间的变化关系,确定出了感绿染料增感立方体氯化银乳剂的最佳吸附质量比和时间的组合为8/40 000和10 min.     

Progress in modifications and applications of fluorescent dye probe

This review summarizes the labeling technology and applications of fluorescent dye probe in biology, especially the characteristics, modifications and applications of cyanine dyes. Based on the currently available modification methods of fluorescent dye probe, we discuss the studies of enhancing the water-solubility,improving the degree of biocompatibility and target-labeling, increasing the sensitivity and decreasing the toxicity of fluorescent dye. We also give a brief introduction on the modification method, that the fluorescent dye is directly introduced onto cell surfaces by amine derivatives or azides to intensify the transferring information of aberrant cells. We suggest that fluorescent dye modified with chitosan oligosaccharide can obviously increase the degree of biocompatibility and target-labeling, and decrease the degree of toxicity.     

改性膨润土在红色染液脱色处理中的应用

利用膨润土层间域的活性,采用夫机物插入,对其进行改性,并研究各种改性膨润土对红色染料的脱色性能,结果表明,改性膨润土的脱色性能比原土有较大的增强,以一种脱色性能较好的改性膨润土为代表,探讨脱色的适宜条件和脱色机理。     

Morphological structure and physicochemical properties of nanotube TiO2

Morphological structure and physicochemical properties of nanotube TiO₂ were investigated. It was found that the TiO₂ nanotube consisted of 2–5 monolayers of TiO₂ molecules, and its inner diameter was between 4.2 and 5.9 nm. The nanotube TiO₂ powder had high specific surface area and pore volume (379 m²/g and 1.431 cm³/g respectively) and its decolorization activity for Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B was 2 times higher than that of raw TiO₂ (p-25). This new type of TiO₂ was hopeful for application in photocatalysis and composite nanomaterial.     

Chemical treatments of the nanocrystalline porous TiO2 electrodes

Two types of nanocrystalline porous TiO₂ electrodes were prepared by the hydrothermal and painting methods. The incident photon-to-current efficiency and photoelectrical conversion efficiency were both improved by chemical treatments of titanium tetrachloride and titanium isopropoxide. The surface roughness, quantities of adsorbed dye, photocurrent-voltage curves, IR spectra and UV-visible absorption spectra were measured, and the mechanism of chemical treatments was discussed.     

三甲川菁染料敏化SnO2纳米结构电极的光电化学

研究了三甲川菁敏化SnO₂纳米结构电极的光电化学行为。结果表明,三甲川菁染料电子激发态能级位置能与SnO₂纳米粒子导带边位置相匹配,从而使用该染料敏化可以显著地提高SnO₂纳米结构电极的光电流,使SnO₂纳米结构电极吸收波长红移至可见光区和近红外区,光电转换效率得到明显改善,IPCE值最高可达28.9%。     

C.I.分散红60及其同系列染料在不同pH染浴中的染色性能

在不同ｐＨ染浴中测试了Ｃ．Ｉ．分散红６０及其相关品种（Ｃ。Ｉ。分散红１２７、１４６及１９１）对涤纶织物的染色性能。结果表明,染浴ｐＨ不影响Ｃ．Ｉ．分散红６０、１９１对涤纶织物染色的提升力。中性、碱性染浴下Ｃ。Ｉ。分散红１４６对涤纶织物的染色性能优于酸性染浴。Ｃ．Ｉ．分散红１２７在碱性染浴下对涤纶织物染色的提升力小于中性染浴,在酸性条件下能获得最佳提升力。染浴ｐＨ对上述染料的而晒、耐升华牢度没有影响