微量元素硒与人体健康

硒是人体必需的微量元素之一。硒通过生物的地球化学营养链给人以影响。其与机体的抗氧化能力、免疫功能、抗癌作用等有着重要的关系。文章从硒在机体的存在及对机体的生化功能出发,探讨微量元素硒与人体的健康关系。     

蛇床子素对人乳腺癌细胞增殖、细胞周期及凋亡的影响

蛇床子素是从传统的中药蛇床子的果实中提取的香豆素类衍生物.在发达国家以及发展中国家,乳腺癌是发病率和致死率较高的女性肿瘤之一.本研究的目的是调查蛇床子素对人乳腺癌细胞的增殖、细胞周期以及凋亡的影响.蛇床子素的抗细胞增殖活性用MTF法测定.细胞周期的分布以及细胞凋亡用流式细胞术测定.本研究结果表明,蛇床子素对抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖、促进G1期阻滞以及诱导细胞凋亡有明显作用.该结果提示有必要进一步研究和评估蛇床子素在乳腺癌治疗中的作用.     

参术胶囊对脾虚胃癌转移鼠胃癌细胞形态影响的研究

目的研究参术胶囊对脾虚胃癌转移鼠动物模型胃癌细胞形态的影响,探讨参术胶囊抗脾虚胃癌转移的作用机理。方法在建立裸鼠脾虚胃癌转移病证结合动物模型基础上,采用HE染色方法研究参术胶囊对脾虚胃癌转移鼠动物模型癌细胞分化的影响。结果参术胶囊对胃癌组织细胞分化有明显调控作用。结论参术胶囊具有改善瘤细胞的异型性,诱导胃癌组织细胞重新分化的作用,这可能是参术胶囊抗脾虚胃癌转移的作用机制之一。     

GTPase activating proteins: structural and functional insights 18 years after discovery

The conversion of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine diphosphate (GDP) and inorganic phosphate (P_i) by guanine nucleotide binding proteins (GNBPs) is a fundamental process in living cells and represents an important timer in intracellular signalling and transport processes. While the rate of GNBP-mediated GTP hydrolysis is intrinsically slow, direct interaction with GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) accelerates the reaction by up to five orders of magnitude in vitro. Eighteen years after the discovery of the first GAP, biochemical and structural research has been accumulating evidence that GAPs employ a much wider spectrum of chemical mechanisms than had originally been assumed, in order to regulate the chemical players on the catalytic protein-protein interaction stage. Received 25 March 2005; received after revision 31 August 2005; accepted 6 September 2005     

Human Genome and Diseases:¶Double-strand breaks and translocations in cancer

The correct repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) is essential for the genomic integrity of a cell, as inappropriate repair can lead to chromosomal rearrangements such as translocations. In many hematologic cancers and sarcomas, translocations are the etiological factor in tumorigenesis, resulting in either the deregulation of a proto-oncogene or the expression of a fusion protein with transforming properties. Mammalian cells are able to repair DSBs by pathways involving homologous recombination and nonhomologous end-joining. The analysis of translocation breakpoints in a number of cancers and the development of model translocation systems are beginning to shed light on specific DSB repair pathway(s) responsible for the improper repair of broken chromosomes. Received 19 June 2001; received after revision 6 September 2001; accepted 11 September 2001     

新疆汉族食管癌病人ECRG2基因遗传多态性与食管癌易感性关系的研究

为研究食管癌相关基因2（ECRG2）STR多态性与新疆汉族食管癌易感性的关系,在新疆地区进行了一个食管癌研究（食管癌84例,人群对照53例）,采用PCR-SSCP技术检测研究对象的ECRG2 STR基因型.结果显示：ECRG2 STR呈多态性,可分为3种类型：TCA3/TCA3,TCA4/TCA4,TCA3/TCA4,在有转移的食管癌中分布为67.9%、7.1%、25.0%,在无转移的食管癌中分布为14.3%、44.6%、41.1%,两者相比,有显著差异（χ^ 2=26.18,df=2,P＜0.01）.在病例对照研究中,在食管癌中所占比例分别是32.1%、32.1%、35.8%,对照组分别是15.1%、49.1%、35.8%,两组总构成比有显著差异（χ ^2=6.10,P＝0.047）.由此可知ECRG2基因TCA3/TCA3基因型与TCA4/TCA4基因型比较,增加了患食管癌和发生转移的风险.     

肝癌、肝硬化及慢性肝炎患者血脂及载脂蛋白AI、B_（100）水平的变化

本文对３１例肝癌、３０例肝硬化及３１例慢性肝炎患者进行了血清载脂蛋白（ａｐｏ）ＡＩ、Ｂ＿（１００）及血脂的检测，并与６３例健康成人作比较。结果表明：肝癌、肝硬化及慢性肝炎患者血清总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ—Ｃ）和ａｐｏＡＩ都显著的降低，与健康对照组比较，均有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）；肝癌及肝硬化患者血清甘油三酯（ＴＧ）都呈不同程度的降低（Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５）；肝硬化患者的血清ａｐｏＢ＿（１００）也显著的降低（Ｐ＜０．００１）。本文资料提示，在肝脏疾病时检测血脂及ａｐｏＡＩ、Ｂ＿（１００）含量，可以了解肝实质损伤的程度。     

The possible influence of the components of the soil and the lithosphere on the development and growth of neoplasms

Summary The author reviews the background of the soil-cancer relationship. The study then goes into geocarcinogenic diseases in relation to soil composition, looking first at general factors: soil concentrations of selenium, caesiumrubidium-potassium, trace elements; natural radioactivity risks; cancer risks in connection with recycled waste water. In its final part, the study examines geocarcinogenic diseases linked with soil composition covering gastric cancer, cancer of the esophagus, urinary, breast, and bronchial cancer, pleural mesotheliomae and bone cancer.     

HPLC快速测定人尿中假尿苷及对肿瘤诊断研究

报告了测定人尿中假尿嘧啶核苷(简称假尿苷Ψ)的高效液相色谱分析法.本法对尿样作简单前处理,用标准假尿苷鉴定假尿苷特征峰,通过标准假尿苷制作标准工作曲线而作定量分析.对数例正常人,肺癌和鼻咽癌患者的尿样测定结果作了统计分析,并对肺癌和鼻咽癌的早期诊断作了初步研究.