Cyclin B1、CDK1在肺癌中过表达及其意义

摘要：采用免疫组化ABC法检测12例肺癌组织、11例癌旁组织及3例正常肺组织中cyclin B1、CDK1蛋白的表达情况，以探讨细胞周期蛋白eyelin B1及细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶CDK1在不同肺癌组织中的异常表达及其临床意义。结果显示cyclin B1在正常肺组织、癌旁组织、癌组织中阳性率分别为0％、9．1％和50．0％，CDK1的阳性率则为0％、18.2％和75.0％，cyclin B1、CDK1在小细胞肺癌和鳞癌中存在广泛的过表达，而在大细胞肺癌中没有表达，并且在不同肿瘤亚型中表达也有差异性．     

胸外伤376例的临床分析

目的探讨胸外伤的临床特点以提高诊治水平。方法回顾性分析376例胸外伤患者的临床资料。结果胸外伤主要是肺挫伤、血气胸、多发性肋骨骨折,合并伤主要是颅脑损失、腹部闭合伤、四肢骨折。采用胸腔闭式引流309例(约占82%),开胸手术39例(约占10.3%)。结论合并ARDS、颅脑损伤,腹部脏器损伤是其主要死亡原因。     

Lys751Gln polymorphism in ERCC2 gene is associated with lung cancer susceptibility in the Chinese population

The excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2) gene encodes a DNA repair protein, which is absolutely necessary in nucleotide excision repair. A polymorphism in codon 751 that induces a Lys→Gln substitution has been suggested to reduce the DNA repair capacity. Therefore, we conducted a matched case-control study to investigate the role of ERCC2 Lys751Gln polymorphism in the development of lung cancer in the Chinese population. The genotype of ERCC2 gene was analyzed by di-allele-specific-amplification with artificially modified primers (diASA-AMP) in 200 original lung cancer cases and 200 controls. The results showed that carriers of Lys/Gln and Gln/Gln genotypes had a 3.32-fold higher risk of lung cancer compared with carriers of Lys/Lys genotype. Furthermore, the mutant genotype of 751Gln allele was found to be associated with an increased risk in both lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma. However, no significant interaction between 751Gln variants and smoking was observed after stratifying according to the smoking status in this study. The results suggest that the Lys751Gln polymorphism in ERCC2 gene is a potential biomarker for susceptibility of lung cancer in the Chinese population.     

Effects of niacin on nitric oxide synthase expression in rat lungs exposed to silica

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of niacin in diet on the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in rat lungs of the animal model of silicosis established by direct tracheal instillation of silica particles into rat lungs surgically. The niacin concentration in serum was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein in paraffin-embedded lung sections was determined by streptavidin/peroxidase (SP) staining. Quantitative analysis by Image-Pro Plus was also performed on the expression of iNOS. The results showed that niacin concentration in serum of the niacin-treated rats was significantly higher than that in the control and silica-treated rats. After 7 days of silica instillation, iNOS integrated optical density (IOD) in rat lungs and total NOS and iNOS activities in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in silica-treated rats rose by 273420.75, 2.61 units/mL and 1.89 units/mL respectively, when compared with those in the control rats. Niacin treatment significantly reduced silica-induced iNOS IOD in rat lung tissues and total NOS and iNOS activities in BALF supernatant by 248292.35, 1.50 units/mL and 0.91 units/mL, respectively, as compared with those in silica-treated rats. Therefore, niacin can effectively attenuate the pathological expression of NOS in rat lung tissues induced by silica particles.     

胸部高分辨率CT片中肺实质的自动分割

以早期弥漫性肺疾病的高分辨率CT图片为研究对象，针对图片本身的特点，提出了一种新的肺部全自动分割法。该方法结合了阈值技术和区域生长技术。它首先将待处理源图像二值化，并根据用Sobel算子抽取出的躯干边缘，得到纯粹的躯干部二值图像。在中值滤波去噪后，对其中黑白区域分别进行连通域标记，并将面积较小区域（如气管等）的像素值取反。最后再经形态滤波得到肺部精确的模板。该算法能自动支除气管/支气管对应的图像区域，并将对阈值选取的敏感性和所需的人机交互减小到最低限度。     

治疗放射性肺炎的润肺通络法

目的　观察以润肺通络为主治疗放射性肺炎之疗效 .方法　采用中药润肺通络的基本方为沙参、麦冬、玉竹、天花粉、桑叶、鱼腥草、杏仁、紫菀、黄芩、丹皮、丹参、赤芍 ,同时用西药抗生素、肾上腺皮质激素、支气管扩张剂治疗放射性肺炎 ,共 17例 ,并设对照组对照观察 .结果　治疗组治愈率 (5 2 .9% )明显高于对照组 (16.7% ) ,有显著性差异 (χ2 =3.99,P <0 .0 5 ) .治疗组总有效率(88.2 % )明显高于对照组 (4 1.7% ) ,有极显著差异 (χ2 =6.70 ,P <0 .0 1) .结论　润肺通络法对放射性肺炎有明显的治疗作用 ,临床观察中未见明显的不良反应 .     

结合显著性和Graph cuts的肺区域图像分割

针对肺部CT图像灰度分布不均匀、各组织结构复杂导致难以准确地分割提取出肺区域的问题,提出了一种结合图像显著性和Graph cuts的肺区域自动分割方法.对10位病例的CT图像序列进行测试,结果表明:该方法可以自动完成肺区域分割,具有较高精度,且耗时较少.     

FHIT在肺癌中的表达与细胞凋亡相关性的研究

目的:探讨脆性组氨酸三联体基因(FHIT)在肺癌中表达情况以及与肺癌细胞凋亡相关性.方法: 利用组织芯片和免疫组织化学技术,检测110例肺癌及25例良性病变的肺组织标本FHIT基因蛋白表达, 并运用脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记技术(TUNEL)检测肺癌细胞凋亡.结果:1 良性病( ) 变的肺组织FHIT基因异常表达率为16%,肺癌组织异常表达率为85.5%,二者比较,差异有极显著性( =49.390,2P = 0.000); 2 肺癌FHIT基因表达与肺癌细胞凋亡指数(AI)存在显著性差异2= 23.326, = 0.006),且FHIT P基因表达与AI正相关( =0.452, P = 0.000).结论:FHIT基因可能参与肿瘤细胞凋亡的调节, FHIT基因表达下 降可能与肺癌的发生密切相关.     

CD71人-鼠嵌合抗体抗移植排斥反应裸鼠模型发生肺不典型增生的研究

目的研究裸鼠移植排斥反应模型发生肺不典型增生的形态学基础.方法将人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)注射到裸鼠体内建立移植物抗宿主动物(人外周血-裸鼠)模型,通过注射Hanks液设立模型对照组,12天后处死.再将实验裸鼠随机分成3组,分别通过注射抗CD4人-鼠嵌合抗体、抗CD71人-鼠嵌合抗体及Hanks液,构建CD4抗体组和CD71抗体组及模型组,20天后处死.搜集裸鼠各脏器组织,10%缓冲福尔马林固定,常规石蜡包埋,HE染色,镜下观察形态学改变.结果①裸鼠模型对照组肺、胃、肠、皮肤内有少量淋巴细胞浸润,同模型组相比,各器官淋巴细胞浸润程度较轻;②存活裸鼠上皮细胞的异型增生阳性率54%,其中,46%发生不同程度的不典型增生,8%发生肺癌;20天饲养裸鼠不典型增生发生阳性率为71%,明显高于12天饲养的裸鼠(17%).结论人外周血-裸鼠移植排斥反应模型促进肺不典型增生及肺癌的发生,有可能成为研究用的原发性肺癌动物模型.     

肺型结节性硬化病合并肾血管平滑肌脂肪,卵巢畸胎瘤1例报告

结节性硬化是神经内科罕见病,肺型结节性硬化引起双侧自发性气胸文献未见报告。临床易误诊,结节性硬化、临床诊断其有智力低于,皮脂瘤、癫痫三联症即可确诊,肺型结了性硬化往往以自发性气胸就诊。