Flowers,faeces and cadavers: natural feeding and laying habits of flesh flies in Thailand (Diptera: Sarcophagidae,Sarcophaga spp.)

Baiting and flower watching mainly in forest habitats throughout Thailand (1997–2002) yielded 46 species of Sarcophaga Meigen. About 50% of the species are new to Thailand and several new to science. All 67 species of Sarcophaga so far reported from Thailand are listed and their taxonomic status and nomenclature updated. Emphasis on rearing (523 broods) ensured species identification through the male progeny of the otherwise mostly unidentifiable females, and allowed several new correct male–female associations, besides offering new insights into the flies' breeding strategies. Three natural larviposition habits were observed in the wild: (1) on faeces of carnivorous and omnivorous, but not herbivorous, mammals (coprobiodotic), e.g. S. africa (Wiedemann), S. albiceps Meigen, S. misera Walker; (2) on cadaver (necrobiodotic), e.g. S. krathonmai Pape and Bänziger, S. nathani (Lopes), S. saprianovae Pape and Bänziger; and (3) on both of them (amphibiodotic), e.g. S. dux Thompson, S. ruficornis (Fabricius). However, larvae of copro- and necrobiodotic species experimentally transferred to cadaver and faeces, respectively, also developed to normal adults. The unexpected laying choosiness between excrement or carrion in the wild is discussed, together with the role played by laying habits in deceptive pollination systems and myiases.     

A new Brazilian species of Heterothrips (Insecta: Thysanoptera) co-existing with ants in the flowers of Peixotoa tomentosa (Malpighiaceae)

Heterothrips peixotoa Del-Claro, Marullo and Mound is described as new. It has remarkably pale forewings, and lives in the flowers of a malpighiaceous shrub in Brazilian cerrado. The sepals of each flower are S-shaped and enclose a central cavity within which the thrips live and breed. Although some large ants are unable to penetrate this cavity, other ants are small enough to enter the space between the petals and sepals, and this leads to a reduction in thrips numbers. Several other members of this genus of thrips are known from the flowers of other species of Malpighiaceae.     

4种观叶花卉水培营养液的效果比较

选择４种名贵观叶花卉（银皇帝、富贵竹、粉黛、白掌）采用水培技术,对其营养生长所需４种营养液（Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ）的组万万分及含量进行了比较观测。结果：营养液Ｂ、Ｃ对银皇帝、富贵竹、粉黛及白掌均适宜;营养液Ａ对白掌较为适宜;除Ｃ、Ｄ营养液对白掌的叶片增宽有明显地抑制作用外,对其它株的效果差异不十分明显。     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌对非洲菊切花保鲜效应的研究

以从花卉中分离得到的解淀粉芽孢杆菌液为保鲜材料,研究其对非洲菊的生物保鲜效果．通过非洲菊形态指标的测定,选取最佳保鲜液的浓度为解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵液2d的质量百分比0．6％;并对非洲菊的生理指标中花青素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、MDA、POD进行了测量．结果表明：此保鲜液能显著增加非洲菊花瓣花青素的含量与可溶性蛋白含量,同时有效抑制MDA含量增加与POD活性降低．此保鲜液提高了非洲菊的观赏价值,具有良好的生物保鲜作用．     

气相色谱法测定水产品中三唑磷农药残留量

采用毛细管气相色谱法对水产品中三唑磷残留量及前处理方法进行了研究。用丙酮作为提取溶剂,采用液-液萃取法提取样品中的三唑磷,经净化、浓缩后采用氮磷检测器检测。用保留时间进行定性分析,外标法进行定量计算。在0.25～10μg/kg浓度范围内得到线性方程Y=(2.60×105)X-150,相关系数0.9960;方法检出限为0.25μg/kg,回收率为89.6%～98.8%,RSD为3.11%～19.9%。为渔业污染事故中三唑磷的测定提供依据。     

切花营养保鲜剂的研究

通过八种保鲜剂对六种鲜切花,即玫瑰、康乃馨、桔梗、百合、黄菊、石竹梅保鲜作用的研究,找到了七种保鲜效果较好的保鲜剂.其中配方一和三对桔梗、黄菊、石竹梅有较好的保鲜效果;配方四对桔梗有较好的保鲜效果;配方五对康乃馨、桔梗、黄菊和石竹梅有较好的保鲜效果;配方八对玫瑰、康乃馨、桔梗、黄菊和石竹梅有较好的保鲜效果;配方九是最好的保鲜剂,对各种花都有很好的保鲜效果.切花种类和品种不同,保鲜剂的配方也应不同;同种保鲜剂配方,其浓度不同,保鲜效果也不同.     

Ca2+和Co2+对百合切花保鲜效果的影响

探讨了不同浓度处理的无机盐CaCl2和CoNO32溶液对瓶插百合切花保鲜效果的影响.结果表明:CaCl2和CoNO32配合使用可以使百合切花花枝硬挺,花径增大,改善切花的观赏品质,延长瓶插寿命;同时,还具有保持百合切花花枝鲜重、维护花瓣细胞膜透性的稳定、维持瓶插溶液pH值保持在适合的浓度范围之间、缓解叶绿素的降解等作用.通过对各处理的各项指标的综合观测与分析可知,以0.1%CaCl2和0.05‰CoNO32溶液的配合使用对百合切花的保鲜效果最好.     

The genus Hintonelmis (Coleoptera: Elmidae: Elminae), new species and records

ABSTRACT

Hintonelmis is a South American genus of Elmidae, comprising 11 species. Two further new species are here described and illustrated: Hintonelmis guianensis sp. nov. from Guyana, and Hintonelmis roellae sp. nov. from Brazil, can be distinguished from all other known members of the genus by their general colour pattern, some characters of pronotal and elytral sculpture, and the morphology of the male genitalia. The type material is deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, UK and Museum of Zoology of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. New distributional data for species of Hintonelmis are presented for the South of Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Guyana. We also provide an updated key for the genus species.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:34EEE39E-147D-4ADB-B600-53DA213CE83Eurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5F3F83E8-F484-469C-802E-0C1F56EDD34Furn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:88FA97AE-C8B5-4ADF-B680-A185A88D3899     

含苯甲酸钠保鲜剂对切花的保鲜效果研究

以市售菊花(D end ranthem a m or if olium)和非洲菊(G erbera jam eson ii)为切花材料,用不同试剂、不同浓度组成含苯甲酸钠与含银离子的保鲜剂,与蒸馏水作对照进行切花保鲜试验,研究保鲜剂对切花寿命、形态结构及花冠可溶性糖含量的影响。结果表明,含苯甲酸钠保鲜剂与含银离子保鲜剂对切花的保鲜效果相当;与用蒸馏水处理的对照相比,菊花的瓶插寿命比对照组约长14d,非洲菊比对照组约长10d;经保鲜剂处理的花开放程度更大,花色鲜艳,观赏价值更高;在内部结构上,保鲜剂处理过的材料,薄壁组织细胞的淀粉粒含量较多,可溶性糖的含量更高,维管束结构清晰、完整。含苯甲酸钠的配方能够替代含银离子的配方用于切花保鲜,并能有效克服非洲菊弯颈现象。     

6-BA和柠檬酸处理对香石竹切花的影响

试验采用30 mg.L-16-BA和250 mg.L-1CA的配方分别处理香石竹切花,实验结果表明:6-BA能明显提高香石竹切花的质量,延长瓶插寿命。