文化·文学·人格──比较文学的本性及障碍

文学是文化意义的形象载体，研究文学与民族文化的关系，就是向比较文学的本性逼近和复归；人格力量对文学有着重大影响，各民族人格及其相互交融，是比较文学研究的一个特定视角；各民族文化的交流、对话、宽容、谅解，是减弱民族隔膜的唯一道路，但也决难完全弥合民族差异；一定的“隔膜”，反而增添了文艺鉴赏的韵味、魅力和想象空间。     

银耳双核菌丝隔膜孔帽的超微结构

在银耳（Ｔｒｅｍｅｌｌａｆｕｃｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ）双核菌丝隔膜孔器超微结构的研究中，发现银耳孔帽分子横切时为两平行条形，而不是环形。只有折叠片层体的横切面才呈两平行条形，纵切面呈Ｕ形，如果斜—纵切折叠片层体的基部则为开口环形（其实是Ｕ形）。因此，作者认为圆顶形孔帽不是由许多杯状体组成，而是由众多折叠片层体组成。为了说明银耳型多单位的折叠片层体孔帽不同于单一单位的括孤体孔帽，特把银耳型的隔膜孔器命名为桶孔／叠层体隔膜（ｄｏｌｉｐｏｒｅ／ｌａｍｉｎａｔｅｓｏｍｅｓｓｅｐｔｕｍ），以区别于其他担子菌的桶孔／括弧体隔膜（ｄｏｌｉｐｏｒｅ／ｐａｒｅｎ－ｔｈｅｓｏｍｅｓｅｐｔｕｍ）。     

Blend Concepts for Fuel Cell Membranes

Direct methanol fuel cells （DMFC） are an alternative to lithium ion batteries as energy supply for mobile applications such as laptops, PDA＇s and cellphones. It would be advantageous if pure or highly concentrated methanol could be used as the fuel in these DMFC, due to the high energy density of meOH. However, most of the ionomer membranes used up to now as proton conductor in DMFC can not withstand pure or highly concentrated methanol due to extreme swelling or even dissolution under these conditions. Therefore it is required to prepare H^＋ -conducting membranes which remain dimensionally stable in pure or highly concentrated methanol. One way to approach this goal is to cross-link the ionomer membranes so that the swelling under the desired methanol-rich conditions is limited.     

Proton-conducting Membranes Based on PVA-PAMPS Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Networks for Low Temperature Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

In direct methanol fuel cells （DMFCs） the methanol crossover from anode to cathode through the polymer electrolyte membrane is a major isue, because this not only causes loss of fuel, but also reduces the performance at the cathode due to the mixed reaction of methanol oxidation with oxygen reduction reaction. Membranes that show high proton conductivity, and at the same time, low methanol permeability are strongly desired but difficult to attain, because of trade-off relations between these parameters. We here report a new type of cost-effective polymer blend membranes based on chemically cross-linked poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid （PAMPS） which is called semi-interpenetrating polymer networks （semi-IPNs）.     

Electron Spin Resonance Study of Fuel Cell Polymer Membrane Degradation

1 Introduction The long termstability of the membraneis ani mportant factor li mitingthe fuel cell lifeti me .During ex-tended use the membrane degrades , probably via reaction with hydroxyl and superoxide radicals which areregular intermediates of the oxygenreduction at the cathode .Only extremely stable membranes can withstandthe aggressive chemical and physical environment in an operating fuel cell . Within a given set of operatingconditions,intrinsic chemical and mechanical properties of t…     

Ionic Conductivity of Chitosan Membrane and Application for Electrochemical Devices

1 Introduction The product that is able to dissolve in dilute acetic acid when chitin is deacetylated is generally referred to as chitosan. Chitosan is well known for its aptitude to generate thin films~([1]). The oxygen and nitrogen atoms of chitosan, in particular, have lone pair electrons that can form complexes with inorganic salts. However, the NH_2 groups react much more rapidly than OH moieties towards salt~([1-3]).1IntroductionThe product that is able to dissolvein dilute acetic aci…     

无隔膜电解槽中对苯醌电合成的研究

在无隔膜电解槽中， 以Cu^２＋离子为电解媒质， 铜板作阳极， 石墨作阴极， 对苯的 间接电氧化进行研究. 实验结果表明， 苯的电解产物对苯醌的产率和电流效 率均比无隔膜电解槽中苯的直接电氧化有较大的提高.     

硅铁阳极溶出非隔膜电解制备高铁酸钠

作者报道了用硅铁作为阳极,在非隔膜电解槽中电解制备了新型高效水处理剂高铁酸钠,并探索了最佳反应条件.当槽电压为3～7V,电流密度为40mA·cm-2,用含1%硅酸钠的40%的氢氧化钠为电解液,反应体系温度控制在35～40℃,电解180min,电流效率可达43.0%,可得到浓度为0.078mol·L-1的高铁酸钠.实验表明,用硅铁作阳极材料,比碳钢、镀锌铁皮、铸铁等阳极材料的电流效率以及电解产率都高得多.     

固体参比电极的研究

研究了压片烧结的固体隔膜的制备和特性,并用此制备了无明显液流的Ag/AgCl固体参比电极。讨论了电极在部分溶液的电化学行为、原料、制备工艺对电极性能的影响,还提出了进一步改善电极性能的途径。     

LiBr/MoO3/PE隔膜对锂硫电池循环稳定性的影响

通过在聚乙烯(PE)隔膜上引入三氧化钼(MoO₃)和溴化锂(LiBr)涂层制备LiBr/MoO₃/PE多功能复合隔膜,采用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对膜的结构和形貌进行表征,并通过循环伏安、电化学阻抗和充放电性能测试等方法研究涂覆修饰层后的LiBr/MoO₃/PE隔膜对Li金属负极稳定性和锂硫(Li-S)电池性能的影响.结果表明：LiBr提高了多硫化锂(LiPSs)的溶解度,MoO₃层对LiPSs具有化学吸附作用,可提高活性物质S的利用率,并抑制Li-S电池的穿梭效应;以LiBr/MoO₃/PE为隔膜的Li-Li对称电池在0.6 mA/cm²的电流密度和1 (mA·h)/cm²的容量下稳定循环时间为1 600 h, Li-S电池在0.2 C下的初始放电比容量可达1 229.2 (mA·h)/g, 500次充放电循环后的比容量为628 (mA·h)/g.