含镍废水的隔膜电解法回收工艺研究

以含有一定浓度硼酸的含镍电镀废水作为阴极液,2％的NaOH水溶液为阳极液,阴离子交换膜为隔膜材料组成隔膜电解装置,对含镍电镀废水进行了回收工艺研究。考察了电解时间、电流密度、pH值、温度及硼酸浓度对镍回收率的影响。结果表明,延长反应时间、提高电解温度、增加硼酸浓度有利于提高回收率。在电流密度为300 A／m2,pH=4,温度为35℃,硼酸浓度为25 g／L的最佳工艺条件下电解6 h,镍的回收率高达96.64％,所得镍为松枝状结构电解镍,纯度为94.69％。     

爱力浦:“龙头”是这样昂起的

创新之问生活中离不开泵阀龙头,常见的有自来水泵阀龙头,煤气泵阀龙头。这些泵阀龙头我们天天打交道,但是很少有人知道精密计量泵与成套加药装置泵阀龙头。     

Landfill leachate treatment by MBR： Performance and molecular weight distribution of organic contaminant

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) with an air-lift bioreactor and gravity flow is applied to treating landfill leachate. More than 99% of BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand for five days) removal effi-ciency is achieved with less than 35 mg/L of BOD_5 in the effluent at less than 1.71 kg BOD5/m~3·d of BOD_5 loading rate. When DO (dissolved oxygen) is maintained at the range of 2.3―2.8 mg/L and the loading rate of NH_4~ -N (ammonium nitrogen) is kept at 0.16― 0.24 kg NH_4~ -N/m~3·d, the NH_4~ -N in the effluent is less than 15 mg/L. However, compared with high removal rates of BOD_5 and NH_4~ -N, the removal effi-ciency of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) varies between 70% and 96%. The investigation of molecular weight (MW) distribution has been carried out by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) so as to understand the fate of organic matters in the MBR treating of landfill leachate. Results indicate that organic matters of the landfill leachate are composed of a high MW fraction (MW of the peak, MWp = 11480―13182 Da) and a low MW fraction (MWp = 158―275 Da). The high MW fraction is not biode-gradable, but can be decreased with microfiltration membrane. The most of the low MW fraction is bio-degradable, but the residue of the low MW fraction is able to permeate through the membrane, thus re-sulting in high SCOD in the effluent of the MBR.     

聚偏氟乙烯—六氟丙烯高分子隔膜的制备及其在锂离子电池中的应用

通过非溶剂致相分离工艺制备聚偏氟乙烯—六氟丙烯高分子隔膜,以磷酸铁锂为正极,金属锂为负极,组装锂离子电池.通过制备不同厚度的隔膜,组装出锂离子电池并进行性能测试,对聚偏氟乙烯—六氟丙烯隔膜进行结构和性能优化.经过结构和性能参数对比,得到适用于锂离子电池聚偏氟乙烯—六氟丙烯隔膜的最佳厚度.     

化学电源的发展

化学电源在二十世纪九十年代得到了雨后春笋似地发展，例如锌锰电池、镍氢电池、锂离子电池、第一代……第四代锂电池、锌镍电池、锌空气电池、燃料电池等等。市场和科学的发展极大地缩短了化学电源从常规研究成果转变成产品的周期。在21世纪直流电源将比交流电源更有价值。     

液压蓄能器隔膜在动荷载下应力响应研究

应用有限元方法建立了液压蓄能器橡胶隔膜动荷载作用下的有限元模型.将蓄能器隔膜与钢壁封闭的曲面作为控制面,通过坐标在控制面内积分得到氮气腔的控制体积.控制体积内根据理想气体热力学方程可得氮气压力.假定橡胶为不可压缩、各向同性材料,选用Ogden超弹本构模型作为橡胶材料模型,并通过单轴拉伸试验确定了材料模型的参数.通过计算得出了蓄能器橡胶隔膜在氮气压力及油压的动荷载冲击下的变形和应力响应.从结果中分析出导致橡胶隔膜发生破坏的原因,对原橡胶隔膜的形状和尺寸进行了修改,并通过计算验证得出了满足材料强度的橡胶隔膜模型.