基于累积损伤的弯矩曲率强度退化滞回模型

建立了钢筋混凝土构件强度退化的一般数学表达式,提出了以损伤值为变量的强度退化函数的概念,指出了强度退化模型的本质就是确定强度退化函数。以Kawashima实验室1997年进行的1组试验为基础,通过考察不同加载路径对构件强度退化的影响,在弯矩-曲率层面上建立了强度退化函数的具体表达形式。分析结果表明,所建立的滞回模型能够反映强度退化现象,与实验结果吻合较好。用S.K.Kunnath等人1997年完成的另一组试验进行了验证,进一步说明了所建立强度退化滞回模型的适用性。     

接地网腐蚀诊断优化测量方法

以2个220 kV变电站接地网为模型进行接地网腐蚀诊断模拟试验.在初步诊断节点测量中分别采用大跨距、小分块和大分块结合不动点3种方案,列举出其诊断结果,并对3种方案进行分析、比较.结果表明了选择大分块结合不动点作为初步诊断时测量节点对的优化诊断法,诊断效率最高,效果最好.据此提出了接地网腐蚀诊断初步诊断时的选线原则,使该诊断方法更具工程实用性.     

一维损伤变量的合理定义方法

针对利用"弹性模量衰减法"定义损伤变量是否合理这一问题,借助有效应力的概念以及应变等效假设,从本质上阐述了一维情况下材料损伤变量应该以何种弹性模量来定义.指出从应变等效假设的角度准确度量材料的损伤程度必须首先确定材料的无损伤参考工作状态;将直线形式的应力-应变关系作为无损伤材料的参考工作状态是没有根据的.按照弹性损伤和弹塑性损伤两种状况推导出损伤变量的合理定义,证明卸载模量的退化可以作为弹塑性材料损伤变量的定义.同时,结合所提出的混凝土受压损伤本构方程,验证弹性应变等效假设,并给出一维损伤本构模型的合理建立方法.     

AZ40镁合金在模拟海水介质中的腐蚀行为

采用Tafel极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱方法研究了AZ40镁合金在模拟海水介质中的腐蚀行为,采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对腐蚀形貌进行了观察,结合介质pH值测量,讨论了腐蚀机理。结果表明,AZ40镁合金在模拟海水介质中的耐蚀性能较差;腐蚀自发发生,初期以点蚀为主要特征;由于Mg(OH)2等腐蚀产物存在较多缺陷,且分布不均匀,不能有效阻止腐蚀的发展,致使腐蚀扩展迅速,合金表面在短时间内就被严重破坏。     

心肌损伤标志物研究进展

急性心肌梗死是世界上发病率和死亡率较高的疾病之一。心肌损伤和心肌梗死的早期发现能够显著提高患者的存活率,因此快速、可靠的AMI早期诊断具有重要的临床应用价值。血液中生化标志物的测定是反映心肌损伤的重要手段之一,而理想的生化标志物应具有靶细胞富集、合适的半衰期和组织细胞特异性等特征。目前,已经有越来越多的心肌损伤标志物在临床中得到应用,本文综述了心肌损伤标志物研究领域的最新进展。     

火电厂主蒸汽管道的弹性蠕变损伤本构模型研究

针对火电厂中蒸汽管道与汽包类承压部件用耐热钢,在承受高温高压时发生弹性蠕变损伤问题,给出完整的损伤本构描述,建立起唯象学蠕变损伤理论。在这里主要提出耐热钢的弹性蠕变损伤本构模型,建立起相应的数值变分原理以及有限元离散化形式,从而形成完整的数值变分方法。     

An endpoint damage oriented model for life cycle environmental impact assessment of buildings in China

The midpoint impact assessment methodology and several weighting methods that are currently used by most building Life cycle assessment （LCA） researchers in China, still have some shortcomings. In order to make the evaluation results have better temporal and spatial applicability, the endpoint impact assessment methodology was adopted in this paper. Based on the endpoint damage oriented concept, four endpoints of resource exhaustion, energy exhaustion, human health damage and ecosystem damage were selected according to the situation of China and the specialties of the building industry. Subsequently the formula for calculating each endpoint, the background value for normalization and the weighting factors were defined. Following that, an endpoint damage oriented model to evaluate the life cycle environmental impact of buildings in China was established. This model can produce an in- tegrated indicator for environmental impact, and consequently provides references for directing the sustainable building design.     

Flow characteristics and reaction properties of carbon dioxide in microtubules and porous media

Carbon dioxide reacts with porous media while flowing through them enhancing their permeability. Its flow behavior as well as the permeability enhancement effects were studied in synthetic cores, natural cores and microtubes with an inner diameter of 5 μm. The results show that the permeability of H2O-saturated cores （containing carbonate ingredients） was enhanced by increasing the injection volume of a CO2-H2O solution. This enhancement is attributable to carbon dioxide＇s corrosion, which is justified by SEM scanning. The same phenomenon occurs with a CO2-H2O solution in microtubes, but for a different reason. The gas flow velocity of carbon dioxide in microtubes was approximately 100% faster than that of nitrogen because of the scale and the squeezing effects. Carbon dioxide molecules dissolved in water accelerate the diffusion rate of water molecules within the boundary layer, which in turn diminishes the thickness of the water film and enlarges the effective pore size. This flow behavior facilitates the injection of carbon dioxide into low-permeability reservoirs for oil-displacement and formation energy buildup purposes. This behavior also increases the potential for carbon dioxide channeling or release from the formation.     

NaCl薄层液膜下X70钢腐蚀的电化学研究

采用交流阻抗法和极化曲线法研究了X70钢在NaCl薄层液膜下的电化学行为．研究结果表明：Cl^-浓度的增大,促进了X70钢在溶液中的阳极反应,降低了电荷传递电阻和自腐蚀电位,腐蚀速率增大,Cl^-浓度大于0．20mol／L时,X70钢腐蚀速率反而降低．在0．20mol／L NaCl薄层液膜下,液膜厚度在1000—120μm时,阴极极限扩散电流变化不大,液膜厚度小于120μm,阴极极限扩散电流剧增;随着液膜厚度减薄,X70钢的腐蚀速率先增大后降低．     

斜拉索退化机理及钢丝力学模型

通过分析实桥锈蚀钢丝的断口特征,确定钢丝存在着3种失效模式,分别是均匀腐蚀与孔蚀、腐蚀疲劳、应力腐蚀.通过试验研究总结了钢丝力学性能随锈蚀程度变化的规律,将锈蚀钢丝建模为带单边裂纹的圆柱,并对钢丝的退化过程进行了模拟.