同步辐射光电离研究甲烷-氢气-氧气低压层流预混火焰

利用同步辐射真空紫外单光子电离,结合分子束取样质谱技术,对掺氢比为0%,20%,40%,60%和80%的甲烷-氢气-氧气-氩气低压层流预混火焰进行了实验研究.通过测量光电离质谱和光电离效率谱曲线,探测了甲烷-氢气-氧气-氩气火焰的中间物,得到了不同掺氢比甲烷-氢气-氧气-氩气火焰的主要产物H2,CH4,CO,CO2,O2和H2O的摩尔分数分布曲线,以及火焰中间产物CH3(甲基),C2H2(乙炔),CH2O(甲醛),CH3OH(甲醇),C2H4(乙烯)和C2H2O(乙烯酮)的摩尔分数分布曲线,分析了掺氢对火焰主要产物和中间产物摩尔分数的影响.实验结果表明,甲烷掺氢燃烧可以降低燃烧产物中CO,CO2和CH4摩尔分数.掺氢后实验测得的火焰中间产物摩尔分数均大幅降低,由于掺氢后火焰中H和OH摩尔分数增加,氢的强扩散性和活性增大了火焰化学反应速率,且掺氢后混合燃料H/C比值增加,使火焰C基中间产物摩尔分数降低,有助于降低不完全燃烧产物摩尔分数.     

AHP 判断矩阵一致性改进的若干问题研究

研究层次分析法中判断矩阵次序一致性检验及改进方法.指出判断矩阵次序一致性和基本一致性之间无相关性的特点,提出对判断矩阵应首先进行次序一致性检验,并把判断矩阵转化成0-1矩阵,利用图论理论得到如下结论:0-1矩阵对应的有向图中,若含有边长大于3的循环链,则一定能构造出边长为3的循环链.基于此结论,设计检验判断矩阵是否具有次序一致性的算法.对不具有次序一致性的判断矩阵,提出两条修改原则.     

The c-myc coding DNA sequences of cyprinids （Teleostei： Cypriniformes）： Implications for phylogeny

The family Cyprinidae is one of the largest fish families in the world, which is widely distributed in East Asian, with obvious difference in characteristic size among species. The phylogeneUc analysis of cyprinid taxa based on the functionally important genes can help to understand the speciation and functional divergence of the Cyprinidae. The c-myc gene is an important gene regulating individual growth. In the present study, the sequence variations of the cyprinid c-myc gene and their phylogenetic significance were analyzed. The 41 complete sequences of the c-myc gene were obtained from cyprinids and outgroups through PCR amplification and clone. The coding DNA sequences of the c-myc gene were used to infer molecular phylogenetic relationships within the Cyprinidae. Myxocyprinus asiaticus （Catostomidae）, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus （CobiUdae） and Hemimyzon sinensis （Homalopteridae） were assigned to the outgroup taxa. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum parsimony （MP）, maximum likelihood （ML）, and Bayesian retrieved similar topology. Within the Cyprinidae, Leuciscini and Barbini formed the monophyletic lineage respectively with high nodal supports. Leuciscini comprises Xenocyprinae, CuItrinae, East Asian species of Leuciscinae and Danioninae, Gobioninae and Acheilognathinae, and Barbini contains Schizothoracinae, Barbinae, Cyprininae and Labeoninae. Danio rerio, D. myersi and Rasbora trilineata were supposed to separate from Leuciscinae and Barbini and to form another lineage. The positions of some Danioninae species were still unresolved. Analyses of both amino acid variation with parsimony information and two high variation regions indicated that there is no correlation between variations of single amino acid or high variation regions and characteristic size of cyprinids. In addition, the species with smaller size were usually found to be basal within clades in the tree, which might be the results of the adaptation to the primitive ecology and survival pressure.     

磁场中弱电离气体二维平板超音速边界层扰动演化研究

数值模拟了6种不同外加磁场下M∞=4．5、弱电离的二维平板边界层的基本流场及边界层中第二模态不稳定波的非线性演化。发现：外加磁场使边界层附近同—γ处的流向速度减小从而使边界层的厚度增加；很大程度地改变法向速度；壁面摩擦系数减小；很大程度地抑制第二模态不稳定波的增长。这些影响主要决定于外加磁场的强度，而对外加磁场的产生方式不很敏感。外加磁场的存在还使得压力产生波动，在边界层内，压力波峰的位置与流向磁场力绝对值极大的位置基本一致；在边界层外，压力波峰的位置滞后于流向磁场力绝对值极大的位置，并且离边界层越远，这种滞后就越明显。     

激光电离空气的多元过程及其应用

论述了由大功率激光器引发的空气电离多元过程。阐明多光子电离和串级电离在空气激光电离中的地位及空气电离对激光阈值的要求。在此基础上，对激光电离空气在激光致僵武器中的应用和研制激光致僵武器的可行性作出阐述。     

液相色谱—大气压化学电离质谱联用技术

色谱分析法是分析化学中得到广泛应用并取得迅速发展的一个重要分支。对液相色谱－大气压化学电离质谱（LC－APCI／MS）联用技术原理，和它在生物基质中的药物及其代谢物的分析、环境分析中的应用作一综述。     

电子、质子轰击核靶原子K壳层的电离截面初步计算

介绍了利用电子，质子分别轰击靶原子K壳层电季截面的计算方法，给出了镁（Mg),铝（Al)，钙（Ca),钪（Sc)，钛（Ti),钒（V），铬（Cr)等核靶的计算结果，最后进行了简要讨论。     

共振电离技术在土壤中气相金测量中的应用

采用电热蜃民离飞行时间质谱仪（ＥＴＡＬＲＩ－ＴＯＦＭＳ）首次实现了对土壤中气南样品的超痕量测量，用中子活化技术进行随机抽样调查，测量结果一致，样品的绝对检出达到１０＾１３ｇ，同时敢对谱仪进行了自检研究。