地板供冷在西北地区实施的可行性

对国内地板辐射供冷研究和应用状况进行了简要总结回顾,对地板辐射供冷-置换通风复合系统的供冷量、防结露措施、新风与卫生条件、舒适性等作了总结介绍.     

连铸方坯感应补热过程的有限元分析

根据电磁感应理论及传热基本原理,利用大型工程软件ANSYS对连铸方坯的感应补热过程进行了多物理场耦合的有限元模拟,并对铸坯断面上的温度梯度、磁场分布等进行了分析. 模拟结果与实测结果一致.     

特厚钢板射流淬火过程厚向冷速实验研究

利用特厚钢板射流淬火试验装置,研究了15~35℃水温、1.0~3.0 m/min辊速对特厚钢板厚向冷速的影响,分析钢板在不同温降区间内的厚向温降、温度梯度和冷速影响因素.利用导热微分方程,采用反传热法计算钢板淬火温度场和冷速.结果表明:采用射流冲击淬火方式时,160 mm钢板心部冷速大于1.2℃/s;水温和辊速除影响钢板表面平均传热系数和换热形式外,还通过改变厚向温度梯度分布影响厚向冷速;水温或辊速升高,钢板厚向冷速降低,降低幅度与冷却强度、淬火时间以及钢板内部导热特性有关.     

Road surface mirage： A bunch of hot air？

The inferior mirage from road surfaces is a common phenomenon, which can be easily seen in everyday life. It has been recognized in the literature as a light refraction phenomenon due to the refractive index gradient caused by the temperature gradient in the air strata above the road surfaces. However, it was also suggested that the mirage is just a phenomenon of specular reflection at grazing incidence. Because of the lack of reasonable and quantitative evidence, the generally accepted light refraction theory has not yet been refuted. Here we show some mirror-like reflection images captured from a road surface stretch in Yujiashan North Road, Wuhan, China, when there was no obvious temperature gradient on or above the road, measured on a winter day in December 2009. This provided direct evidence to doubt the temperature induced light refraction mechanism of the inferior mirage. Furthermore, the critical grazing angle of about 0.2° to the road plane where the mirror-like reflection appears could not make the rough surface scatter incident light as a smooth surface according to the Rayleigh criterion. Therefore the phenomenon is a mirrorlike observation effect of scattering from the surface, which cannot be entirely explained by light refraction via air strata. The results demonstrate that the image-formation mechanism and the observer-based-analysis method shown here potentially offer a means of understanding a wide range of scattering phenomena from rough surfaces at grazing angle; for example, the superior mirages of unusual brightness occasionally observed over frozen lakes and the off-specular reflection phenomenon.     

基于PSO-BP神经网络湿式摩擦元件损伤预测模型

为求解湿式离合器的多影响因素损伤关系,应用多源数据融合方法,构建一种基于PSO-BP神经网络的湿式摩擦元件损伤预测模型. 将转速和接合油压作为模型的输入参数,将提取到的摩擦片周向温度梯度、Fe和Cu元素浓度变化率、摩擦片表面粗糙度变化率作为模型输出参数, 建立了有限元仿真模型,搭建了湿式离合器摩擦磨损综合试验台,采用控制变量法研究了油压、转速对摩擦元件损伤特征参数的影响. 结果表明,输入工况与4类损伤特征参数呈非线性关系,预测值与实测值随工况变化趋势一致,损伤特征参数较油压的变化更为敏感. 对比同类模型与试验数据,预测模型具有较高的预测精度,能够有效地对湿式离合器多工况损伤进行预测.      

基于大涡模拟的液滴蒸发液相传热过程

建立了燃油液滴蒸发瞬态气液两相流大涡模拟流体体积(VOF)模型,综合考虑了气液两相流流场,气液相界面的温度梯度和浓度梯度等因素,研究了气液相温度梯度和雷诺数对液滴液相传热的影响.研究结果表明:随着温度梯度的增大,液滴温度显著提高,温度梯度越大,液滴温度增加幅度越大;雷诺数不仅能够影响液滴周围流场的分布,而且还引起液滴内部温度场分布的变化;随着雷诺数的增大,液滴内部加热区域逐渐均匀,雷诺数越大,液滴的温度越高.     

烧结金属纤维多孔材料的高温吸声性能

以烧结金属纤维多孔材料为研究对象,对其在不同温度（20～500℃）和温度梯度（-2．4℃／mm,＋4．05℃／mm）作用下的吸声性能进行了理论计算和分析．应用双传声器传递函数法原理,设计并搭建了多孔金属材料高温吸声性能实验的测试装置,对材料在不同温度点下的吸声性能进行了实验测试,初步验证了理论计算的正确性．研究表明,采用参考温度法能够较好地计算温度较低时的材料吸声性能,温度的变化对多孔金属材料表面声阻抗率具有显著影响．当存在温度梯度场作用时,应重视温度梯度对多孔金属材料总体吸声性能的影响,在一定条件下,负温度梯度可以提高材料的吸声性能,而正温度梯度可使材料吸声性能趋于降低．