水流对立柱周围波浪爬升特性的影响

基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程和连续性方程建立适用于波浪与水流相互作用的三维数值波浪水池,并在该数值波浪水池内对立柱周围的波浪爬升效应进行数值模拟;选用不同的波流组合方式,探讨了水流速度对柱体周围的波浪爬升效应及其所受载荷的影响,并与波浪单独作用时立柱周围的波浪爬升情况进行对比,分析了水流对柱体周围波面的扰动和水质点运动轨迹的影响.同时,对波浪单独作用下,立柱近壁面处的波浪爬升效应进行了模型试验,以验证数值计算结果的准确性.结果表明,其计算值与试验值吻合较好.     

二层海洋中波浪对透空双圆柱的绕射作用分析

结构表面布孔可以减弱波浪载荷,而海水的层化将导致表面波和内波的二重绕射作用机制。对此,本文分析并计算了在二层海洋条件下大直径透空双圆柱的水波绕射作用,并分别与均匀海中透空和非透空双柱的相应结果加以比较。计算结果表明,在层化海洋中结构物的透孔性对减弱波浪力有一定影响,密度比变化对内波波浪力影响显著。     

集装箱船结构设计波浪载荷计算

考虑非线性波浪载荷,提出了集装箱船结构直接设计法中设计波浪载荷的确定思路和方法.按此思路编制了程序,并对一艘集装箱船作了相应计算,将弯矩传递函数计算结果与相应模型试验进行了比较,预报趋势和最值与模型试验结果都有较好的一致性.将非线性波浪弯矩计算结果与德国劳氏船级社(GL)规范公式结果及国际船级社协会(IACS)标准进行了比较,结果显示非线性中拱中垂波浪弯矩的比值处于GL和IACS之间,非线性中拱中垂合成弯矩较非线性波浪弯矩平均增加了20%到35%.发展了一种改进的非线性切片理论和方法,用于计算包括外飘砰击、底部砰击和甲板上浪引起的非线性波浪载荷,适合于确定非线性的设计波浪弯矩和合成弯矩.     

Response of air gap and slamming loadings on semi-submersible platform

The present research deals with the numerical prediction of the air gap within the 6th generation of deep- water drilling floating semi-submersible platform and the experimental studies on the slamming loadings onto the structure. The survivability of the floating model with a mooring system was tested under extreme wave of 10-year return period. In the numerical simulation of the Gaussian method, the narrow band model was applied to obtain the first-order wave surface equation and the modified second-order wave surface equation. The hydrodynamic re- sponses of the floating body, i.e. radiation damping, added mass, second-order wave excitation force and drifting force, were computed by using the potential flow theory based on higher order boundary element method in fre- quent domain. In the experimental analysis, high-frequency sensors were installed at the lower deck to measure the wave slamming loads. Equivalent truncated mooring system was applied to make sure position of the floating body in the wave tank. The comparison between the numerical and experimental results showed the numerical model un- derestimated the air gap of the floating body. Nevertheless, the predictions of the high risk spots underneath the floating deck that is prone to wave slamming obtained from both models were agreeable to each other. The experi- mental results also revealed that the wave slamming events often occurred at the connection point between the rear columns and the lower deck.     

波浪在渗透海床上传播的数学模型及其验证

通过引入考虑可渗海床影响的阻力方程,将一组高阶Boussinesq水波方程拓展到可适用渗透海床的情况.在不同厚度介质情况下对新方程进行了理论分析,并将结果与解析解比较,讨论了方程的相速度及衰减率的精确度.在非交错网格下离散该方程,建立了基于高精度有限差分方法和预报-校正时间积分格式的一维数值模型.其中,在预报中采用三阶Adams-Bashforth格式,校正中则采用四阶Adams-Moulton格式.利用所建立数值模型,对渗透潜堤地形上的波浪传播变形进行了模拟,将数值计算结果与相关试验结果进行了比较分析,证明试验结果与数值结果吻合较好,说明这种改进方法是可行、有效的.     

海冰在波浪中纵向运动的试验研究

为了研究海冰与波浪的相互作用,以单块非冻结模型冰为基础,通过试验研究了独立海冰的纵向运动,并与斯托克斯漂移进行对比.结果显示:海冰的纵向运动包括纵向平移运动和纵摇运动,平移运动可以分解成纵向的漂移运动及纯粹的纵荡运动;海冰的厚度、波长及波陡都会在一定程度上影响海冰的纵向运动.通过计算发现斯托克斯漂移与试验测量值随波陡的变化规律是一致的.     

波浪干扰下的AUV纵向运动建模与模型预测控制

针对近水面航行的AUV,研究了其波浪影响下定深控制问题。基于弗劳德—克雷洛夫假设(Froude-Krylov Hypothesis),采用切片理论计算AUV近水面运动中受到的随机波浪干扰力和力矩,并以此作为扰动项建立随机波浪作用下AUV纵向运动的线性化数学模型。采用模型预测控制方法进行仿真研究,使AUV的航行深度和俯仰角达到期望值。仿真结果表明:该方法能够有效提高AUV近水面航行过程中的抗波浪干扰能力,系统具有良好的动态性能。     

Dynamic Analysis for Two Kinds of Jacket Platforms under Wave Force

A detailed finite element analysis is presented in this paper in order to obtain the different vibration properties of two kinds of fixed jacket platforms under wave force. More attention is paid to the platform with prism shape jacket because of its more possibly excessive vibration in service than that of the jacket platform with slant piles. Numerical simulations are compared with the results from actual platform test and an effective strengthening technique is proposed. The conclusion of the paper may be taken as the ha-sis of following control work. It also gives some guidance to the future design of the frxed platform with prism shape jacket.     

波浪型倾斜板振动过程中晶粒直接球状长大行为

利用金相显微镜、能谱仪研究Al-6Si-2Mg合金的凝固与长大行为.研究发现在波浪型倾斜板振动条件下,合金流经斜板表面时在合金凝固过程中伴随着非枝晶组织演化行为,并存在晶粒直接球状长大行为.倾斜板为形核提供足够大的过冷度和异质形核基础,大量晶核在斜板表面和内部形成,使熔体爆发形核,在流动和振动作用下斜板表面形成的晶核游离,弥散到熔体内部,晶核在均匀的成分场与温度场条件下,可以保持直接球状生长.爆发形核与直接球状长大是波浪型倾斜振动条件下合金组织细化与球化的重要机制之一.     

热带气旋高风速下南海海流和海浪的数值仿真

采用海流和海浪数值模式,对热带气旋高风速作用下南海的海流和海浪进行了数值仿真.在海流仿真中采用了含波陡参数的风应力拖曳系数参数化方案和波浪辐射应力梯度作用,在海浪仿真过程中考虑了海流的作用.观测资料对数值仿真的结果验证表明,该数值模式对热带气旋高风速下的南海海流和海浪的数值仿真是可行的;海流的数值仿真与海面风拖曳系数参数化方案有关;考虑海流作用后,海浪的数值仿真更合理.