中全新世（5400aBP）亚洲季风气候季节性与年际变率的南海珊瑚氧同位素记录

对现代珊瑚的氧同位素组成的季节与年际变化研究业已表明,海南岛东岸现代珊瑚氧同位素组成在冬季主要受表层海温控制,而在夏季则主要受夏季风降水决定的表层海水盐度影响.基于这一联系,本研究在高精度铀系测年基础上对中全新世滨珊瑚40a的同位素分析结果表明,5400a前的全新世中期滨珊瑚的δ18O值相对于现代升高了0.613‰(相当于11%),指示着海水δ18O值和盐度相对于现代的升高程度,可能主要与南海和太平洋水体交换强度增加所导致的盐度增大有关;结果同时显示,δ18O值的季节性幅度相对于现代增加了0.535‰(相当于33%),可能主要由冬季海水δ18O值升高引起,这一变化也与中全新世日照相对于现代的季节幅度增加相一致,分析认为日照增加引起的蒸发量增加和太平洋海水交换加强可能是根本原因.重建的冬夏季风代用指标的结果显示,中全新世冬夏季风的年际变率相对于现代都有所增加;谱分析结果揭示出冬季风年代尺度波动和夏季风约3a周期的存在,这些周期仍位于ENSO对季节变化的周期之内.     

The orbital scale evolution of regional climate recorded in a long sediment core from Heqing, China

Based on the analysis of carbonate content and loss on ignition for a long sediment core (737 m in length) drilled in Heqing, the orbital scale evolution of the Southwest Monsoon is revealed, by using overlapped spectral analysis and filter methods. It is shown that the obliquity cycle and precession cycle are the key factors for the Southwest Monsoon evolution and that the change of the global ice volume and the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau also impose great influences on it.     

Deep sea pollen record during 12－1.6 Ma from the southern South China Sea and its response to envi-ronmental change

Based on deep-sea pollen results (512-76 m) from ODP Site 1143 in the southern South China Sea (SCS),the climate and vegetation evolution sequence on the surrounding islands and the exposed continental shelf are discussed. The pollen records show that the pollen influx was quite low before 8.15 Ma and increased dramatically afterwards. The influx changes can be ascribed,on one side,to tectonics deformations around the southern SCS resulting in rapid uplift of islands and subsequent increase of the sediment rates and pollen influx and on the other side to climate cooling and monsoon enhancement. Around 2.63 Ma was another obvious boundary,the increasing of pollen and spores influx since this time was mainly related to global climate cooling. Spectrum analysis of pollen influx values shows that 2 Ma,0.67 Ma,and 0.19-0.17 Ma cycles existed during 12-3.0 Ma,while 0.1 Ma and 46.9 ka cycles existed during 3.0-2.0 Ma.     

蟒河鸟巢拾趣

山西蟒河国家级自然保护区位于山西省东南部，与河南接壤，总面积5573公顷,主峰指柱山海拔1572．6米，属暖温带季风型大陆性气候，处于东南亚季风的边缘地带，植被覆盖率达81．9％。区内森林茂密，灌木丛生，沟壑纵横，水流淙淙，为鸟类的生存繁衍提供了充足的食物来源及多样的栖息地类型。     

青藏高原隆起对我国自然环境演化的影响

本文从青藏高原隆起对我国现代季风形成和地貌三大阶梯分异的影响方面分析了青藏高原在我国自然地理环境演化过程中的重要作用。认为青藏高原隆起是我国现代季风形成和地貌三大阶梯形成的关键因素,也正是由于青藏高原的隆起才使我国三大自然地理区得以形成。     

台风Sinlaku(2008)生成过程环境场分析

本文利用美国国家环境预报中心1°×1°逐6h分析资料和半球观测系统研究与可预报性试验-亚太地区计划获得的云图资料,从背景条件、环流演变和背景场纬向风等方面入手,对西北太平洋地区的超强台风Sinlaku(2008)的生成过程进行了详细分析,探讨了近年来人们提出的热带气旋形成的新机制——波动临界层理论在这次台风生成过程中的...     

獭兔病害综合防治(中)

4.保证兔舍通风,防治呼吸道疾病.春季风大,昼夜温差大,是呼吸道病的多发季节.据试验,兔舍内每天开窗2～3次,每次不低于60分钟,能有效控制呼吸道病的发生.     

末次冰消期东亚夏季风突变性的石笋年纹层记录

从两支石笋年纹层的交叉定年，可确定年生长速率变化时间序列，本文结合氧同位素分析结果，讨论了新仙女木事件、阿弗罗德-波令暖期等百年至千年级全球性气候突变事件的转型方式、内部振荡旋回及冷暖／干湿组合特征，并且发现石笋年层厚度反映的气候变化过程与格陵兰CISP2冰芯具有相似的变化规律，证明石笋年纹层可以作为气候变化的代用指标。     

Distribution of diatoms in the water and surface sediments of southern South China Sea

The relationship of species and abundance between the diatoms in the water and sediments from the southern South China Sea （SCS） were discussed, and the key environmental controlling factors were also investigated. Studies show that the diatom abundance is high in both water and sediments in the southeast part of the southern SCS and the varying trend is similar, while in the northwest part, the abundance is low, and the varying trend is different. The dominant diatom species are Thalassionema nitzschioides and Nitzschia bicapitata in water, and T. nitzschioides and Chaetoceros messanensis in sediments. The diatom species of small size and thin shell in water are more than in the sediments, while the diatom species of large size and thick shell in water are less. The percentage of species T. nitzschioides is higher in water of southeast part than in that of northwest part, but it is similar in sediments of both areas. It is shown that the southwest monsoon is the important factor influencing diatom abundance and T. nitzschioides percentage, and when the southwest monsoon is well developed, the distribution of diatom abundance and T. nitzschioides percentage are consistent in both water and sediments of the study area.     

南海春季南沙海区上层暖水及其动力机制的数值研究

通过对南海春季（2002年2～5月）南沙海区月平均海面温度的卫星遥感资料及2002年5月的现场实测的CTD资料分析表明，该海域春季位于巴拉望岛西部的上层水体存在着一强度相对较弱的暖水舌，该暖水明显不同于巴拉巴克海峡东南部的冷水，且其相对温差从冬季到春季逐渐减弱．根据现场实测资料，利用P矢量方法对流场进行的计算结果表明，该暖水区所在的流场位于一个反气旋性弯曲的范围内．通过一个单层／两层耦合模式，利用与观测同一时期的风应力卫星遥感资料，来探讨该暖水所对应的反气旋性弯曲流场形成的动力机制．数值模拟结果表明，该反气旋性弯曲很可能是冬季遗留下来的残留反气旋涡，而不太可能是由苏禄海通过巴拉巴克海峡的进入南海的入流所形成．