啁啾激光脉冲控制电子纵向动量关联谱研究

采用三维半经典再散射模型研究了周期量级啁啾脉冲中He原子非序列双电离电子的纵向(沿激光电场极化方向)动量关联谱,其中一、三象限分布的不对称性对啁啾参数变化很敏感.该性质是由电场分布的不对称性引起的.通过调节啁啾脉冲参数可以比调节一般周期量级脉冲的绝对相位能更灵敏地控制动量关联谱.     

基于功率谱的非均匀子带自适应滤波

根据输入信号的功率谱特征,非均匀滤波器组能够动态调整子带滤波器的带宽和位置,可以获得比均匀滤波器组更好的收敛性能.根据子带最小均方(least mean square,LMS)自适应算法的收敛特性,以提高其收敛速度为目标,提出了一种基于功率谱信息的非均匀子带自适应滤波方法,并详细讨论了非均匀滤波器组实现结构和信号重建性能.计算机仿真实验和分析表明,与现有的均匀和非均匀滤波器组设计方法相比,在子带数目相同的条件下,本文提出的方法能有效地降低子带信号的最大特征值扩散度,而信号重建性能基本相同.     

硼氢化物(BHn)(n=1~5)稳定性与红外光谱

采用密度泛函(DFT)中的B3P86方法,结合Dunning的相关一致基组cc-PVTZ,优化计算硼氢化物(BHn)(n=1～5)可能的几何构型,得出最稳定构型的几何参数、电子结构和红外光谱等性质参数,给出了最稳定结构的总能量(ET)、结合能(EBT)、平均结合能(Eav)、电离势(EIP)、能隙(Eg)、费米能级(EF)和氢原子差分吸附能(Bdiff)等.结果表明硼氢化物基态稳定结构的电子态分别为:n为奇数为单重态1∑和1 A,n为偶数为双重态2A;由于B原子属于缺电子原子,能与等电子原子H化合,通过氢端或桥键形成氢化物,本文优化计算发现,硼氢化物最稳定的构型都存在氢端或桥键,且n为奇数的氢化物的氢端或桥键作用比相邻偶数的氢化物强.最后计算了硼氢化物最稳定结构的红外光谱、平均结合能、电离势、能隙和费米能级等动力学电子特性,分析得出(BHn)(n=1～5)氢化物中BH3的电离势和能隙最大,说明该氢化物最稳定,氢原子差分吸附能也最大.     

认知MIMO系统频谱检测与吞吐量折中

 研究了认知MIMO系统频谱检测与吞吐量折中问题,以最大化SU(Secondary User)吞吐量为目标,求解出最佳的频谱检测时间和最优功率分配方案。仿真结果表明,存在最佳检测时间使SU的吞吐量达到最大,并且通过注水法功率分配,能进一步提高SU的吞吐量。此外,通过仿真比较了能量检测和基于特征值的频谱检测算法对SU吞吐量的影响,结果表明,采用两种算法SU的吞吐量几乎相等,由于基于特征值的频谱检测算法更具有健壮性,因而更适合应用于认知MIMO系统。     

面向随机振动功率谱估计的小波变换去噪算法理论分析*

 针对随机振动功率谱通常存突变或间断现象,在小波去噪处理中,软阈值法使得估计信号在间断处较模糊, 且整体误差大,而硬阈值法在信号的间断点附近会产生伪Gibbs现象。通过对随机振动谱的统计模型进行分析,建立了对数域振动谱噪声的统计模型,并理论推导出根据噪声小波变换系数而设置的滤波阈值与小波变换尺度之间的非线性关系,为小波变换自适应阈值去噪提供依据,在此基础上提出了基于小波变换的振动谱估计自适应去噪通用算法,通过仿真对比实验,结果表明理论分析的有效性。     

氯苯的激光拉曼光谱研究

运用群论方法分析氯苯的振动模式,得到各振动模式的对称性和拉曼活性,结果表明,氯苯分子振动拉曼光谱具有30条频率不同的拉曼谱线.采用激光拉曼光谱学技术获得了氯苯的振动拉曼光谱,分析了氯苯拉曼光谱的特点,并对其中16条谱线进行指认,为有机混合物中氯苯分子的识别提供依据.     

古遗址目标提取方法研究

目的研究根据获取的遥感信息从背景"影"像中有效识别和提取文物遗存的方法。方法分析研究区遗址影像波谱特征基础上,运用高光谱分析技术获得已知遗址目标波谱曲线,最终利用约束能量最小化(CEM)算法,从背景地物中分离遗址目标。结果当遗址与周围背景物性差异明显,引起明显的光谱异常时,CEM算法能够基于真实的物理模型进行波谱提取、识别和探测古遗址目标。结论 CEM算法提取古遗址信息是可行性强的一种方法,且识别效果与MNF变换后图像的维数有关,选择特征值较大的波段组合参与CEM运算,能有效地避免噪声对目标探测的干扰,使得探测率提高。     

湿式离合器磨合过程的多重分形谱预测

针对湿式离合器试验过程中磨合状态的预测问题,结合试验过程中摩擦转矩信号的几何结构特征,提出利用多重分形谱及其参数来预测磨合状态的新方法。阐述了基于盒计数法计算多重分形谱的方法;给出了多重分形谱参数的定义及其与摩擦转矩信号之间的内在联系;利用多重分形谱及其参数对某型号湿式离合器磨合过程的摩擦转矩信号进行分形表征。分析结果表明：多重分形谱及其参数能够定量地刻画试验过程中摩擦转矩信号的几何特征,并且随着磨合过程的进行,谱宽、最大最小概率子集分形维数差及谱偏斜度都呈现逐渐减小趋势,而最小奇异指数则呈现逐渐增大趋势。因此,利用试验中摩擦转矩信号的多重分形谱能够有效地预测湿式离合器的磨合状态。     

Protection efficacy of national wetland reserves in China

Wetlands have the most abundant biodiversity,the highest carbon sequestration capacity,and the highest values for ecological services per unit area,of all the world’s ecosystems.Practice has shown that establishing reserves is the most effective way of protecting typical ecosystems and their biodiversity,and saving rare or endangered wildlife.The Chinese government’s policy is to protect wetland systems by establishing reserves that encompass a massive network of wetlands,including wetland nature re-serves,internationally important wetlands,and wetland parks.Many are already established.The effect of protecting wetland nature reserves at the national level has not yet been reported.We used the latest database evaluating the protection value of wet-land reserves,and remotely sensed wetland maps(1978-2008) ,developed by the same mapping specialists and based on the same classification system,and related environmental data,to evaluate the effects of protecting China’s national wetland reserves over the last 30 years.We conclude that(i) the total area of wetland in the national wetland reserves has decreased over the last 30 years to 8152.47 km2,and just 8% of China’s net decrease in wetlands;(ii) about 79% of the 91 national wetland reserves are in a poor condition.These are generally located around the Yangtze River,Eastern Coast,the Three Rivers Source,and Southwest China.Protection measures should be undertaken urgently in these areas.Only 15% of national wetland reserves are under sound protection,and these are generally located in the upper reaches of the Songhua River;(iii) although 88% of national wetland re-serves are primitive(relatively natural) ,implying that the site selection has been scientific,a high percentage of national wetland reserves show early warning signs of decline and require urgent attention;(iv) based on our evaluation of protection effects and pressures on ecology,we have made a priority list of national wetland reserves,and propose several protection strategies.     

Review of wideband MIMO channel measurement and modeling for IMT-Advanced systems

In October 2005,the next generation mobile communication system was officially named as the International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced(IMT-Advanced) by the ITU Radiocommunication Sector(ITU-R).Wideband multiple input and multiple output(MIMO) channel models in multiple propagation environments are fundamental for IMT-Advanced systems and such research has been initiated since 2003.The research challenges come from the fact that the wider bandwidth(20-100 MHz) and the advanced multiple antenna technology have been proposed for the IMT-Advanced system,thus leading to higher sampling rates and multiple spatial propagation channels.In this review,four aspects of wideband MIMO channel measurement and modeling are discussed:(1) radio channel measurement procedure and equipment;(2) large scale fading models;(3) small scale fading models;and(4) MIMO channel models.In particular,the large scale fading affected by the carrier frequency is investigated for urban macrocells and it shows that the higher carrier frequency results in greater loss for non-line-of-sight(NLoS) conditions in the cities of China,for which the frequency dependent factor is 32.1.Moreover,the dense and the obviously higher buildings also lead to a larger angle spread(AS) of both the angle of arrival and angle of departure in urban macrocell scenarios.The results indicate that there is the potential to explore the MIMO technique for an IMT-Advanced system with larger ASs,which would lead to the high system capacity.The progress on MIMO models is described and some methods for simplifying geometry-based stochastic channel models(GBSM) are proposed.Finally future research topics on channel measurement and modeling are identified.