Non-invasive genetic study and population monitoring of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) (Mammalia: Ursidae) in Kastoria region – Greece

The brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Greece is considered endangered but little is known about the genetic status and the exact size of local populations. Non-invasive genetic sampling was used in this study to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic structure of the brown bear population in the Kastoria region (northwest Macedonia, Greece) and to estimate its population size. Estimation of demographic parameters was based on innovative, well-evaluated methods that can provide estimates from a single sampling session. DNA was extracted from hairs, scat and blood samples and subsequent amplification of 10 microsatellite loci allowed the identification of a minimum number of 75 living bears in the study area while the mark–recapture-based analysis resulted in a point estimation of 219 individuals. Relatively high diversity values, lack of heterozygosity deficiency as well as estimated effective population size, support the Kastoria bear population having good conservation status.     

Price–Dividend Ratios and Stock Price Predictability

A long‐standing puzzle to financial economists is the difficulty of outperforming the benchmark random walk model in out‐of‐sample contests. Using data from the USA over the period of 1872–2007, this paper re‐examines the out‐of‐sample predictability of real stock prices based on price–dividend (PD) ratios. The current research focuses on the significance of the time‐varying mean and nonlinear dynamics of PD ratios in the empirical analysis. Empirical results support the proposed nonlinear model of the PD ratio and the stationarity of the trend‐adjusted PD ratio. Furthermore, this paper rejects the non‐predictability hypothesis of stock prices statistically based on in‐ and out‐of‐sample tests and economically based on the criteria of expected real return per unit of risk. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅析河南省城市化的制约因素及对策

从人口流动机制、产业基础、基础设施建设、相关制度安排等方面,探讨了制约河南省城市化水平提高的不利因素,并对其的改进对策和措施进行了论述。     

Natural history of the marsupial Thylamys macrurus (Mammalia,Didelphidae) in fragments of savannah in southwestern Brazil

The objective of this study was to furnish information on the natural history of the Neotropical marsupial Thylamys macrurus in the southern Cerrado of Brazil. A range expansion of the species was observed to the northeast of the Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. Specimens were surveyed in fragments of savannah (40–600 ha) during dry and wet seasons in 2003 and 2004 with live‐trap grids and pitfall lines. With an effort of 9767 trap nights and 2200 pitfall nights, we obtained 102 captures and 49 recaptures of T. macrurus. The data analyzed (57 males and 40 females) showed that males are more abundant in the dry season and females in the wet season. Young were recorded mostly during the wet season. Thylamys macrurus was scansorial, using the floor and the understorey. Sexual dimorphism was recorded, with males being larger than females. Information on ectoparasites is supplied.     

关于G/G/1排队模型中排队长度的积分

考虑了一个具有中度正则变化服务时间的G/G/1模型.假设Q(t)是排队长度,则在忙期[0,l]上,Q(t)下方所扫过的面积也具有中度正则变化的性质.     

种群细胞增生中迁移方程的研究进展

介绍了近年来国际上种群细胞增生中的迁移方程的研究进展,主要阐述了这类迁移方程解的构造性理论及应用等研究成果。     

井冈山区常绿阔叶林更新的发展动态分析

本文从常绿阔叶林更新苗的分析和生态因子的研究入手,并通过对更新苗种群和区系特征的分析,初步揭示了在井冈山区,恢复和发展以热带—亚热带区系植物为主要类成分的常绿阔叶林的可能性。     

有限总体U-统计量正态逼近的非一致性界限(Ⅱ)(英文)

本文建立了有限总体U-统计量正态逼近的非一致性界限。本文分成两部分。在部分(Ⅰ),我们对有限总体抽样的部分和建立了一个类似的结果和六个引理(见本刊1989,Vol.19,No.1,PP.25-37)。在这一部分,即部分(Ⅱ),我们将完成关于有限总体U-统计量的这一定理的证明。     

内蒙古民族人口发展模型

对内蒙古的蒙古族、汉族以及达斡尔族、鄂温克族和鄂伦春族人口发展模型、发展特点和蒙古族、汉族人口未来发展预测模型进行了研究和探讨。