Dealing with coercion: Critical Systems Heuristics and beyond

This paper begins with an introduction to the philosophy and methodology of Critical Systems Heuristics (CSH). Following this, various citicisms of CSH are reviewed. One particularly important criticism is that CSH should not be seen as a replacement for other systems approaches, but as complementary to them. It is this idea of complementarity that has led several Critical Systems thinkers to take CSH, along with a number of other systems methods, and try to show that they are most appropriately used in different contexts. CSH, it is said, is at its most useful when we are confronted with coercive situations. However, in this paper it is argued that coercion is usually characterised by closure of debate. Therefore CSH, which depends upon the possibility of communication (or arbitration) between stakeholder groups, becomes redundant when coercion is experienced. It is further argued that coercion can only be addressed adequately by widening our definition of systems practice to include campaigning and direct political action. There is still considerable scope for developing these areas in the systems domain.     

从人工生命到人工社会--复杂社会系统研究的现状和展望

介绍了人工社会研究工作的内容、方法及其思想基础，并对其应用和未来趋势进行展望。文中简述了社会学研究的历史阶段、主要问题和困难，人工生命和人工社会方法的有效性，并着重描述了Epstein和Axtell的工作，以及相应的涌现方法在复杂社会系统研究中的中心作用。本文还讨论了目前对人工社会方法的各种批判意见及其回应。     

广义系统渐近稳定分析与镇定的Lyapunov方法

利用Lyapunov方法研究了广义系统的渐近稳定性分析及控制问题,首先提出一种新形式的Lyapunov方程,用来研究广义系统渐近稳定性与镇定问题,同时给出了利用Lyapunov方程判定具有脉冲形式下广义系统渐近稳定的充分必要条件。利用相应的Riccati方程完成镇定广义系统的状态反馈控制器的设计。本文所有结论对广义系统有无脉冲行为均适用。最后利用数值例子说明主要结果。     

Global Stabilization of Nonlinear Systems with Byrnes—Isidori Normal Form

1　IntroductionThe problem of the asymptotic stabilization of minimum phase nonlinear systems viasmooth state feedback has been well studied in[1— 6 ].One major methodology is by useof the nonlinear analog of the nonlinear zero dynamics notion so that,un…     

Hume'sAbstract exhumed

‘As it is now clear that Hume is the Author of theAbstract, this short work can be enthusiastically recommended to those who wish to consider Hume's own account of the chief argument of theTreatise’ (Norton, 1993a). This ‘simplification’ of Hume'sAbstract aims to make it more accessible to a wider audience, especially to readers who do not have English as their first language. Some of Hume's own invented terms have been translated, many of his longer sentences divided, and most of his expressions simplified. The sequence of his arguments is preserved. Where needed, his arguments have been set out in traditional form. Topic headings have been added and some definitions appended. To ease reference to theAbstract, as published in Hume (1740b), the page numbers have been inserted near their correct position in square brackets.     

Reliability Estimations of Control Systems Effected by Several Interference Sources

In order to establish the sufficient and necessary condition that arbitrarily reliable systems can not be constructed with function elements under interference sources, it is very important to expand set of interference sources with the above property. In this paper, the models of two types of interference sources are raised respectively: interference source possessing real input vectors and constant reliable interference source. We study the reliability of the systems effected by the interference sources, and the lower bound of the reliability is presented. The results show that it is impossible that arbitrarily reliable systems can not be constructed with the elements effected by above interference sources.     

耦合梁方程解的渐近性

吊桥耦合系统描述了吊桥路面和大链在垂直平面的运动．作者通过验证条件（C）成立首次证明了吊桥耦合系统全局吸引子的存在性．     

浅析文化因素对翻译的影响和制约

英汉两种语言文化在翻译交流过程中，经常遇到的各种各样源于文化的干扰和制约因素。本文从译者的思维方式，价值观念和审美取向三方面论述了文化因素对翻译的影响和制约，意在揭示翻译活动的一些内在活动规律并阐明在跨文化交际活动中了解东西方文化差异对大学英语翻译教学的重要性。     

富宁“红苗”语言失传引发的思考

民族语言是一个民族的重要特征,是一个民族区别于其他民族的根本标识.一个民族出现语言失传,说明这个民族已经被完全同化.因此,做好一个民族的语言传承工作,对长期保留此民族的完整性具有十分重要的意义.     

滞后校正对系统瞬态响应的影响

一般认为对于单输入—单输出线性定常系统,进行串联滞后校正能减小系统的稳态误差,而基本上不改变系统的瞬态响应。本文通过理论推导和仿真实例表明上述结论是不全面的。事实上,串联滞后校正不仅对系统的稳态性能产生影响,而且有时会显著地延长系统的调整时间,同时还会改变系统的最大超调量。