模糊专家系统中约束最优化问题求解

介绍了简化模糊推理方法,在此基础上提出了求解模糊专家系统中约束最优化问题的一般方法,通过对模糊约束最优化问题的实例研究,讨论了该方法求解不同问题的适应性。这为建造模糊专家系统提供了一个十分有用的工具。     

Representing with imaginary models: Formats matter

Models such as the simple pendulum, isolated populations, and perfectly rational agents, play a central role in theorising. It is now widely acknowledged that a study of scientific representation should focus on the role of such imaginary entities in scientists’ reasoning. However, the question is most of the time cast as follows: How can fictional or abstract entities represent the phenomena? In this paper, I show that this question is not well posed. First, I clarify the notion of representation, and I emphasise the importance of what I call the “format” of a representation for the inferences agents can draw from it. Then, I show that the very same model can be presented under different formats, which do not enable scientists to perform the same inferences. Assuming that the main function of a representation is to allow one to draw predictions and explanations of the phenomena by reasoning with it, I conclude that imaginary models in abstracto are not used as representations: scientists always reason with formatted representations. Therefore, the problem of scientific representation does not lie in the relationship of imaginary entities with real systems. One should rather focus on the variety of the formats that are used in scientific practice.     

The material theory of induction and the epistemology of thought experiments

John D. Norton is responsible for a number of influential views in contemporary philosophy of science. This paper will discuss two of them. The material theory of induction claims that inductive arguments are ultimately justified by their material features, not their formal features. Thus, while a deductive argument can be valid irrespective of the content of the propositions that make up the argument, an inductive argument about, say, apples, will be justified (or not) depending on facts about apples. The argument view of thought experiments claims that thought experiments are arguments, and that they function epistemically however arguments do. These two views have generated a great deal of discussion, although there hasn't been much written about their combination. I argue that despite some interesting harmonies, there is a serious tension between them. I consider several options for easing this tension, before suggesting a set of changes to the argument view that I take to be consistent with Norton's fundamental philosophical commitments, and which retain what seems intuitively correct about the argument view. These changes require that we move away from a unitary epistemology of thought experiments and towards a more pluralist position.     

基于直觉模糊推理与系统动力学的产品生命周期成本控制模型

基于产品生命周期成本(LCC)系统的复杂动态结构,利用系统动力学建立LCC控制模型.将直觉模糊推理技术嵌入成本模型中,用于刻画成本动因间的复杂模糊关系,解决了历史数据不足、人为判断模糊等问题.以广州某厂所生产的某型号液压泵为例,通过实证模拟证明该模型能更有效地实现对产品LCC的控制,具有较大的应用价值和较强的适用性.     

基于区间证据推理的不确定性航线配船方法

为弥补不确定性航线配船模拟算法的不足,提出一种基于区间证据推理的航线配船解析算法.该方法以证据推理理论为基础,以船舶公司期望效用最大化为目标,考虑航线特征及船舶属性等因素,构建出一个多航线、多船型的航线配船模型.与目前的模拟算法相比,该方法具有稳定性好、准确性高、可以处理模糊数据等优点.最后,通过算例验证了模型的可行性和方法的有效性.     

非线性时间序列定性相空间推理方法研究

提出一种基于定性仿真的非线性时间序列重构相空间的方法,定性相空间推理是其关键一步。通过时间序列定性状态的抽象来裁减其状态空间,规约行为轨迹,重构其定性相空间图。用3变量Lorenz系统产生的数据流对算法进行验证,结果表明能够保留原始相空间图的几何形状和拓扑关系,捕捉到相空间图中存在的行为轨迹的特征。     

基于案例推理和数据融合的煤与瓦斯突出预测

为了实现对煤与瓦斯突出快速、准确和动态预测,确保煤矿安全生产,考虑影响煤与瓦斯突出多种因素,提出了一种基于案例推理和数据融合技术的煤与瓦斯突出预测方法.利用基于均值的分批估计融合方法对判别煤与瓦斯突出指标的多传感器数据进行处理以获取更为准确、可靠的数据以提高预测准确性,以获得的多种判别煤与瓦斯突出指标数据为输入利用案例...     

人工智能应用中基于区间代数的时态推理

时态表示和推理是人工智能领域的重要研究内容之一,它的应用范围分布很广,从逻辑基础研究到知识系统的应用.区间代数是一种独立的与领域无关的时态理论.用区间代数能表示不确定的时态关系,可以很方便地用于时态推理,表达能力强;时态关系的区间表示比较直观,可理解性强;同时区间代数可以进一步扩展到二维空间领域,即将区间代数拓展为矩阵代数,实现二维空间推理.在一维时态推理中,将时态的区间表示和矩阵表示相结合,在提高计算效率的同时,保持了形象直观的时态表示.     

高校大型仪器设备关口管理的探索

结合工作实际,在高校大型仪器设备的投资预测、决策中的立项论证、审核招标、采购实施几个环节方面进行探讨,并在此基础上提出大型仪器设备关口管理的基本思路,以期规范购置的前期管理程序,避免科技资源浪费,更合理使用资金和符合建设节约型社会的需要.     

基于案例库维护的案例推理分类技术

分类是数据处理和数据挖掘的重要任务之一,文章在建立案例推理分类器之前,先利用相似粗糙集进行案例属性的约简,再利用基于案例分类的删除技术进行案例库的维护操作;不仅减少案例的存储空间,也大大提高分类的精确度;实验结果表明,相比传统的案例推理分类器和神经网络分类器,该分类器在分类精度和速度上都有一定的优势。