Recent insights into the biology and biomedical applications of Flock House virus

Flock House virus (FHV) is a nonenveloped, icosahedral insect virus whose genome consists of two molecules of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA. FHV is a highly tractable system for studies on a variety of basic aspects of RNA virology. In this review, recent studies on the replication of FHV genomic and subgenomic RNA are discussed, including a landmark study on the ultrastructure and molecular organization of FHV replication complexes. In addition, we show how research on FHV B2, a potent suppressor of RNA silencing, resulted in significant insights into antiviral immunity in insects. We also explain how the specific packaging of the bipartite genome of this virus is not only controlled by specific RNA-protein interactions but also by coupling between RNA replication and genome recognition. Finally, applications for FHV as an epitopepresenting system are described with particular reference to its recent use for the development of a novel anthrax antitoxin and vaccine.     

一种云计算数据副本动态管理策略

为了提高云计算中数据的可用性和缩短响应时间,提出了数据副本的方法.传统的静态副本方法无法适应云计算的动态性特征,针对这个问题提出了动态副本策略.首先,基于用户需求确定副本数目;然后根据局部性原理和资源可用度,确定数据副本的存储位置.最后的实验结果证明了该策略降低了平均响应时间.     

细小病毒抑瘤活性研究的历史与现状

细小病毒（PV）（包括自主性的及依存性的）有抗肿瘤活性。本文在介绍PV绵结构及理化性质、病毒复制后，阐述了PV与肿瘤的关系，即其对自发肿瘤及诱发肿瘤的抑制作用，特别虽本实验室多年来利用离体细胞培养系统广泛地测试了PVH－1及MVM抑制转化细胞及癌细胞活性得到的结果，对33株细胞及人癌（肝、肾）与癌周组织原代培养的细胞测得的抑瘤效应亦列于表内。PV抑瘤机理仍在分子水平上研讨之中，文中强调了非结构蛋白NS／rep的细胞毒作用，它可部分地阐明了PV的抗肿瘤机制。     

一种新型的数据网格动态副本策略

许多科学实验和工程应用会产生TB或PB级的数据.这样庞大的数据体需要分布在世界不同地点的众多计算资源协同处理,高性能网格为使这些数据高效传送到地理上不同的位置提供了理想的手段.当用户频繁的访问大量远程数据时,动态副本可以有效地减少网格中的带宽消耗和访问延迟.在多层数据网格架构基础上提出了一种新型的动态副本策略:快速瀑布模型算法.Op-torSi m仿真器也被修改用以适应这种新型的策略.仿真结果表明,在随机访问模式下,对比FastSpread,LRU和Economy-Zipf ,快速瀑布策略能有效地减少平均数据访问时间,并且其优势随着用户提交作业数量的增加而增大.     

面向电力系统的分布式实时数据库关键技术及应用

本文论述了面向电力（SCADA/EMS/DTS）一体化系统的分布式实时数据库的特点和内存体系结构,对其分布机制、系统特色等方面进行了探讨,并对系统中实现分布式部署的关键性技术——数据库自动复制、心跳同步报文广播、总裁选举协议予以详细的阐述。基于本文原理的实时数据库系统已经实现,并在多个实际工程中得到应用。     

大数据存储中的容错关键技术综述

不断增长的海量数据需要被可靠存储,而分布式存储系统庞大的节点规模和数据规模,大大提升了发生节点失效的概率,容错技术成为大数据存储中不可忽视的关键技术.文中介绍了数据容错的两种基本策略：复制和纠删码,并分别总结了将这两种容错策略具体应用于大数据存储时所面对的问题和相关解决技术,如与基于复制的容错技术相关的副本系数设置、副本放置策略、副本一致性策略、副本修复策略和纠删码领域的再生码技术等.     

“新陈代谢先起源”和“复制先起源”假说研究进展

“新陈代谢先起源”假说认为新陈代谢的出现先于（或同时）模板复制能力的出现。“复制先起源”假说则认为前生物合成的有机化合物能够通过非生物自发聚合形成具有自我复制能力的遗传信息系统,并逐渐拥有了“新陈代谢”能力。针对这个“生命起源”研究中的“鸡”-“蛋”悖论所涉及的一些问题进行了系统的综述。     

Chk1 prevents abnormal mitosis of S-phase HeLa cells containing DNA damage

To explore effects of DNA damage on cell-cycle progression in p53-deficient tumor cells, synchronized HeLa cells at G1, S and G2/M phases were treated with methyl methanesulfnate （MMS）. The results showed that the MMS treatment resulted in the cell-cycle arrest or delay in all 3 phases, while the S-phase cells were the most sensitive to MMS. Further studies demonstrated that ATM-Chk2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways were activated in all 3 phases when the cells were treated with MMS; whereas Chk1 was activated only in S phase under the drug treatment, indicating that Chk1 specifically participated in S-phase checkpoints. To analyze the role of Chk1 in S-phase checkpoints, we administered a specific Chk1 inhibitor, UCN-01, to the S-phase cells. The results showed that the S-phase cells treated with MMS＋UCN-01 could enter aberrant mitosis without finishing DNA replication, indicating that Chk1 mainly functions in the DNA damage checkpoint rather than in the replication checkpoint. In addition, MMS treatment alone inhibited the accumulation of cyclin B1, a key component of M-phase CDK-cyclin complex, in the S-phase cells, whereas the inhibition of Chk1 activation resulted in the accumulation of cyclin B1 in the MMS-treated S-phase cells. This observation further supports the view that DNA-damaged S-phase cells enter abnormal mitosis when Chk1 activation is inhibited. Our results demonstrate that Chk1 is a specific kinase that plays an important role in the MMS-induced S-phase DNA damage checkpoint. As p53 is not involved in this process, Chk1 may be a potential target for p53-deficient tumor therapy.     

整车道路模拟试验台的控制算法研究

介绍多输入多输出系统时域波形再现(TWR)过程,给出基于频率响应函数(FRF)模型的系统辨识方法以及基于频域迭代自学习控制(ILC)算法的目标信号迭代具体流程.针对整车道路模拟试验台控制算法软件的开发,提出在迭代过程中对信号进行适当重叠分段的频域迭代自学习控制算法.通过现有的四通道整车道路模拟试验台,在真实环境中成功实现了对某样车各车轮轴头处垂向加速度的时域波形再现.结果表明,该算法精度较高,能够作为试验台的控制算法.     

关于舟曲特大泥石流灾害的反思

什么是泥石流,为什么舟曲会发生特大泥石流灾害,泥石流灾害可以预报吗,可以防治吗,这些都是人们所十分 关切的问题。本文在灾害发生后的反思中,提出了一些个人见解,供读者参考。