论《四库全书总目》文学批评的经世价值取向

明末清初 ,宋明理学已经发展到极端 ,于是清初文人倡导儒家传统的经世致用思想以救理学空疏浮泛之弊 ,经世思想成为一时社会思潮的主流。《四库全书总目》的文学批评无论是功用价值论、创作主客体论还是艺术风格论都由此而带上浓郁的经世色彩     

杜威实用主义教育流派的高等教育思想探析

尽管学术界对杜威实用主义教育流派的研究很多，但应该说，对其高等教育思想的研究还缺乏应有的深度和系统性，本文正是从这一角度出发，力图揭示杜威实用主义思想在高等教育方面的基本主张，这对理解20世纪美国乃至世界高等教育的实践和发展都具有启发意义。     

How to Get It. Diagrammatic Reasoning as a Tool of Knowledge Development and its Pragmatic Dimension

Discussions concerning belief revision, theorydevelopment, and ``creativity' in philosophy andAI, reveal a growing interest in Peirce'sconcept of abduction. Peirce introducedabduction in an attempt to providetheoretical dignity and clarification to thedifficult problem of knowledge generation. Hewrote that ``An Abduction is Originary inrespect to being the only kind of argumentwhich starts a new idea' (Peirce, CP 2.26).These discussions, however, led to considerabledebates about the precise way in which Peirce'sabduction can be used to explain knowledgegeneration (cf. Magnani, 1999; Hoffmann, 1999).The crucial question is that of understandinghow we can get the new elements capableof enlarging our theories. Under thesecircumstances, it might be helpful to step outof the entanglement and reconsider the basis ofthe problem that originally triggered Peirce'sinterest in abduction. This will lead us toanother Peircean concept, that of ``diagrammaticreasoning,' which I discuss here in the contextof his ``pragmatism.' In this way, I hope toreach a better understanding of thecontribution of ``abduction' to the knowledgegeneration process.     

中印共同崛起与双边关系的深度磨合

中印两国共同崛起是一个独特的历史性事件,这在推动地区和世界的巨大变革的同时,也深刻影响着双边关系的发展。在中印关系的深度磨合中,边界纠纷等老难题表现得更为复杂,经贸摩擦等新问题也涌现出来。互信鸿沟、自信与自卑交织及印度外交中的实用主义是这些问题难以解决的深层原因。中印必须耐心和妥善处理这些问题,才能维护和促进共同崛起的双赢局面。     

美国高校董事会建设及其借鉴作用——以实用主义价值取向为参照

论述实用主义价值取向的积极意义及其对美国高校董事会建立、成员构成、管理体制和美国高等教育的影响。指出我国高校可以借鉴美国高校董事会实用主义价值取向,结合高等教育事业发展和经济社会需求对校董会进行科学定位,通过董事会广泛吸收社会因素参与办学,积极筹措资金为学校改革发展、教育教学质量和科研水平的提升提供保障,提高办学效益,使高等教育更好地顺应社会和经济的发展。     

紫金庵彩塑艺术的世俗特征浅析

紫金庵的彩塑是富有思想性、富有世俗情节的艺术作品,通过其精湛的彩塑造型生动体现了中国三教合一为基础的宗教文化发展的现象;反映了中国民间对宗教的实用主义要求。通过紫金庵的雕塑艺术让我们看到了世俗文化影响力的深远,也看到了在艺术形式的背后,人们真正重视的是现实的实用主义崇拜理念的表达。人们通过对艺术作品的修复,让宗教信仰的香火不断延续,而世俗宗教发展完善的原动力应该来自社会民意表达的需要。     

《法国中尉的女人》中作者对维多利亚时代的批判

在小说《法国中尉的女人》中,作者福尔斯借助小说主人公的视角,展开对维多利亚时代的批判,这些批判主要集中在维多利亚时代的道德虚伪、普遍存在的实用主义和资本主义对人的异化方面。这些批判是以当代充满忧患意识的知识分子的眼光对号称英帝国鼎盛时代的维多利亚时代的审视与批判,同样也是对当今时代的审视与批判。     

罗伯特·弗罗斯特诗歌中的进化思想

弗罗斯特并不盲目相信进化观,他在诗歌创作中对于进化观的思考,主要体现在日常生活、科学与宗教、自然世界与人类世界等主题的作品中。于弗罗斯特而言,由于有了对世界的科学认知,外在世界变得有规律可循,科学与日常生活是融合为一体的。他认为科技的发展未必总能真正提升人对于世界的理解,时间的变迁也不总是意味着由低等向高等的进步;人不应对抗自然,而应坦然接受自然法则,适应环境,顺势而为,并不断取得进步;对待宗教化的题材,他采取实用主义的态度,理性地审视观照对象,并以去神圣化的手法加以表现。弗罗斯特对于诗歌主题及表现方式的选择,亦是进化思想在英美文学传统中的体现。     

Pragmatism, Realism and the Economist/Economy Divide

A centipede can walk until it thinks about howit does so. Thereafter it stumbles, over thesheer impossibility of the information andcoordination required. Life in the economy islittle different. Those engaged in productionand exchange discover, pragmatically, ways tomake them work. Those observing the processsee, realistically, the immense improbabilitythat it should do so. That most economies workin practice, but must pass such toughteleological tests to succeed in theory,highlights a difference between players' andspectators' outlook which may help to explainwhy the game has repeatedly been thrown wideopen just when conclusive results seemed withinreach.Section 1 of this paper identifies the fourforms of realism which economists have tendedto adopt. Section 2 considers the pragmatism ofeconomic agents, when observed in action bypsychologists and management scholars notoverly steeped in economic theory. Theconcluding section reviews the ways in whicheconomists have tried to blur the distinction,by reclassifying agents as realistic or theirown views as pragmatic, and suggests that amore pragmatic economics might bridge thedivide.     

A Philosophy for the Social Sciences: Realism, Pragmatism, or neither?

Philosophers of science seek to discover theessential features of science. Having donethis, these features are then proffered as a`benchmark' against which any putative sciencecan be assessed for its scientificity. Socialscientists, in particular, are much concernedwith achieving the status of genuine science.When considering the status of the socialsciences, philosophers of science also seek todiscern the essential, and differentiating,characteristics of the object of study, namely,social phenomena as such. This paper provides acritical examination of two apparentlydiametrically opposed approaches to philosophyof science, namely, realism and pragmatism. Thestance of `immanent critique' is adopted. Thisstance seeks to evaluate the success of aphilosophical programme entirely by thestandards that are internal to that programme.The conclusion reached, from this point ofview, is that realism is unrealistic, andpragmatism lacks practical utility.