基于"规模-效益-创新环境"三维度的中国科技创业孵化发展评价研究

针对目前国内对创业孵化发展规模、效益及运行效果均缺乏完善的动态评价体系这一问题，为帮助政府明晰创业孵化产业发展现状，构造了包含“规模—效益—创新环境”（Scale-Effectiveness-Innovative milieu, SEI）3个维度的测度指标体系，简称“SEI”评价模型。基于该模型，分别合成了中国科技创业孵化发展的古典循环指数和增长率循环指数，进一步对2007~2017年间中国创业孵化的动态发展水平进行了评价研究。结果表明：中国创业孵化事业近10年取得了长足的发展，但从各分项指数来看，创业孵化效益的发展较慢，不及规模的发展，而创新环境指数发展较快，这将为我国创业孵化事业的发展不断补充内核驱动力量，促进中国创业孵化事业的高质量发展。最后根据创业孵化发展的评价结果，提出了相应的政策建议。     

退火方式对含硼冷轧深冲搪瓷钢组织性能的影响

在实验室条件下研究了罩式退火和快速连续退火两种方式对含硼搪瓷钢微观组织、力学性能和抗鳞爆性能的影响.结果表明:适当增加Mn，S的质量分数和添加微量B，实验钢不同方式退火板的性能均较好；连续退火板强度稍高于罩式退火板，伸长率A50和rm值明显高于罩式退火板，综合力学性能较好；连续退火板的氢扩散速率明显小于罩式退火板，主要得益于采用快速连续退火得到的实验钢中铁素体晶粒内存在大量弥散分布的渗碳体颗粒作为有效氢陷阱；采用快速连续退火可以实现含硼搪瓷钢良好的力学性能和抗鳞爆性能的匹配.     

河南新乡地区在校大学生汉族群体掌纹调查

在知情同意情况下,采用油墨拓印法采集了河南省新乡医学院汉族群体中1 265名在校大学生(包括634名男性和631名女性)的掌纹纹型,分析并测定其atd角和掌纹t距比.结果表明,河南汉族大学生群体atd角平均值为42度左右,atd角在男女不同性别之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但在左右手之间差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05);t距比(tPD)在男女不同性别和左右手之间差异均没有统计学意义(P>0.05).通过对河南省汉族群体皮纹纹型特征进行研究,为医学、遗传学和人类肤纹学等研究领域提供了基础皮纹学参数.     

Ferroelectric relaxor as a critical state

After revisiting models for the ferroelectric relaxors,we notice that the models can be classified into two categories.One group models are directly based upon the compositional fluctuations,such as Smolenskii's theory and SRBRF model.The other models are experimental phenomenon oriented,such as macro-micro domain crossover and superparaelectric state. The later explanations imply that the ferroelectric relaxor is in a critical state.The unusual field induced phase transition in ferroelectric relaxor also s...     

浅议中国人口与可持续发展

文章指出，在我国要实现四个现代化，促进国民经济的持续稳定发展，就必须从战略高度认识人口问题的重要陛。     

Population characteristics of four deep‐water pandalid shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea) in the northern Aegean Sea (NE Mediterranean)

The population characteristics of four deep‐water pandalid shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea) were studied in the northern Aegean Sea in samples collected annually (1997–2000) in summer, through experimental trawl, at depths down to 600 m. Females were larger than males in Plesionika martia and Plesionika heterocarpus; no significant differences in size of males and females were found in Chlorotocus crassicornis and Plesionika antigai. A trend of increasing size with depth was observed, as well as a linear increase in the proportion of females with increasing size. Sex ratio was skewed towards females at all depths in P. antigai, while in P. heterocarpus and C. crassicornis males dominated the intermediate depths. Negative allometries were apparent in the carapace length–weight relationships in males of all species. Isometric relationships were found in females apart from in P. heterocarpus. The population patterns conform to relevant Mediterranean reports. However, some population differences exist that may reflect the distinct environmental conditions prevailing in the study area.     

Sequence variation of mitochondrial DNA ND5 in captive South China tigers (Panthera tigris amoyensis)

This paper represents the first study of the genetic diversity of captive South China tigers Panthera tigris amoyensis by sequence variation in a fragment of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) gene. Two haplotypes (haplotype I and haplotype II) were identified and the captive population had a bias towards haplotype I. This subspecies as a whole demonstrated an extremely low level of genetic diversity with the nucleotide diversity of 0.057±0.021%. The mtDNA ND5 variations detected in the present study could provide significant information to the studbook data of the South China tiger.     

人口增长和土地改革——中国地主阶级为什么消亡

共产党领导的土地改革是自商鞅变法以来土地制度史上的一次伟大革命。土地改革的成因既不能单纯归结为不平等的土地占有制度,也不能单纯归结为群众动员。不平等的土地占有制度为土地改革运动提供了客观条件,清朝以来人口的巨大增长造成人地关系极度紧张。非彻底改革不能安定天下的情况下,这种制度以及依附于这个制度的地主阶级的消亡就成为历史的必然。     

杨桃鸟羽蛾的形态特征与生物学特性

杨桃鸟羽蛾(Diacrotricha fasciola Zeller)属鳞翅目(Lepidopter)羽蛾科(Pterophoridae),以幼虫取食嫩梢叶片造成叶片孔洞或缺刻、或在花期同时蛀食为害花蕾造成落花和花穗枯死,对杨桃生产造成严重影响.本文通过田间调查和室内饲养观察,阐述了鸟羽蛾的形态特征、生物学特性；通过系统调查,探明了杨桃鸟羽蛾的为害率和自然种群动态.     

Mosquitofish life history in a Mediterranean wetland

Little is known regarding the life history of Gambusia holbrooki in Europe, particularly in Italy, where it has been introduced in several wetlands since 1922. In order to increase the knowledge of its biology, we tried to clarify its life history in a Mediterranean wetland, comparing our results with those of other authors. The principal aim of this study was to describe the demographic potentialities of the studied population by modal progression analysis. Besides the curvature parameter (0.52 and 0.51 for females and males, respectively) and the asymptotic length values (39.01 and 30.45 for females and males, respectively), we observed a population divided into four age classes, for both sexes, and a longevity of 5 years, with only a limited number of mosquitofish reaching this age (due to a high mortality rate). In addition, reproduction observations were carried out for females. The most interesting aspect concerned the correlation between fecundity and body size, and the capacity of small females to absorb fertilized eggs.