Population biology of Sphaeroma serratum Fabricius (Isopoda,Flabellifera) at the Port of Mar del Plata,Argentina

Variations in size distribution, sex ratio, fecundity and morph frequencies in a population of Sphaeroma serratum were studied year-round. Changes in size distribution are most marked during the breeding season. Growth is arrested during the winter months. Young are produced throughout the summer; these overwinter, reproduce and then die. Differences in size of mature males suggest an effect of the timing of birth on life-span. Females are able to produce two broods. Offspring number is positively correlated with female size. Brood pouch mortality is estimated at 39%. Marked changes in sex ratio within the breeding season are thought to be artifacts due to sexual differences in behaviour. Comparison of reproductive traits of this, and other, populations shows a latitudinal pattern related to the duration of the warm season. Analysis of morph frequencies revealed similarities with European populations so far studied.     

2000-2010年长春市中心城区人口空间演变与扩张机制研究

分别以街道、社区为单位将长春市中心城区第五次、第六次普查数据通过ArcGIS软件导入城镇数据,对长春市中心城区人口分布现状进行分析,并通过MATLAB软件对十年以来长春市中心城区人口密度模型进行拟合分析.结果表明:2000年-2010年间长春市一直处于向南方发展的"圈层式扩张"的城市化,加幂指数模型能较完美拟合长春市人口空间变化.长春人口扩张既有历史、规划的原因,也有产业布局和轨道交通的原因.     

温度对生命体寿命的影响

综述了温度对生命体寿命的作用，包括温度参与调节特定基因表达和细胞信号传导通路，温度对能量代谢、氧化还原水平、免疫功能和热量限制的影响。介绍了一种将温度系数引入死亡率定律的假设，以此计算温度与寿命之间的关系，为探究温度对寿命的直接影响提供参考和依据。     

区域在业人口分布格局变动分析——以浙江省为例

浙江省在业人口区域分布演进具有渐变和突变并存的特征,不同区域在业人口集中与分散变动程度有平缓与剧烈之别,并且集中分布区域演进脉向各异——稳定、收缩与扩展交叉。经过渐变与突变并存的变动,浙江省在业人口具有在低海拔和临海地区集中分布的远东地域性特征。经济因素是在业人口集中与分散差异分布的直接原因,自然环境因素是基础性成因,基于经济和自然环境差异的在业人口不均衡分布,便成为一种必然,因而在实践上要避免在业人口分布均衡即合理的思想,继续鼓励在业人口的合理流动。     

图书馆人性化服务探讨

介绍了人性化服务的内涵,阐述了人性化服务的内容,提出了图书馆应开展特殊群体的人性化服务。     

一类含时滞和扩散项的偏生态模型的振动性

研究了一类含时滞和扩散项的偏生态模型解的振动性,利用平均法,通过使用偏泛函微分方程上、下解思想和泛函微分方程振动性理论,获得了其解的正性和关于正平衡态振动的充分条件,为讨论时滞偏微分方程解的振动性提供了一种有效方法,推广了文[9,10]的结果.     

消除7A05铝合金板材各向异性的热处理工艺

为提高7A05铝合金热轧板材的综合力学性能并减少各向异性,对7A05铝合金固溶、预时效、时效和形变处理等工艺对性能的影响进行了系统的研究. 比较了供货态、形变态、回归(RRA)态和采用预时效形变热处理的优化态热处理工艺对综合力学性能的影响. 结果表明:固溶的最佳温度为480 ℃,单级时效最佳工艺为120 ℃,24 h,双级时效中第一级时效最佳工艺为90 ℃,8 h,最佳形变为25%. 通过金相组织和力学性能测试结果表明:由于预时效析出促进形变热处理时亚晶等轴化,优化态强度高,进一步改善了合金性能,减少了轧制板材纵横向力学性能各向异性倾向.     

基于POD同工酶对石蒜属种间和石蒜居群间进化关系的研究

对石蒜属(Lycoris)9个种和石蒜(L.radiata)16个居群的POD同工酶酶谱进行了分析和比较.结果表明:(1)石蒜属植物共显示出24条酶带(种间和居群间各12条),其中五条是特征酶带(种间和居群分别为3条和2条).(2)石蒜属9个种可分为两类:一类由具有两型核型结构(V型和I型)的7个种所组成:即中国石蒜L.chinensis、忽地笑L.aurea、长筒石蒜L.longituba、鹿葱L.squamigera、安徽石蒜L.anhuiensis、香石蒜L.incarnata、乳白石蒜L.albiflora;另一类由具单型核型结构(I型)的2个种所组成:即石蒜L.radiata、换锦花L.sprengeri.其中,中国石蒜和忽地笑亲缘关系最近,与形态学和细胞学研究结果相近.(3)石蒜POD同工酶变异比较丰富,与石蒜染色体核型和数量多样性相符.POD同工酶研究显示石蒜居群间遗传距离与地理距离不存在相关性.研究结果表明同工酶变异分析可以作为探讨石蒜属种间亲缘关系和石蒜遗传多样性的有效手段.     

Serum levels of perfluorinated compounds in the general population in Shenzhen, China

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been detected in many environmental matrices, biota, and nonoccupationally exposed populations in China recently. However, little is known about the distribution and levels of various PFCs in the general population living in areas where there is PFC exposure. In the present study, the levels and prevalence of ten target PFCs were determined in 227 serum samples from a population of nonoccupationally exposed individuals in Shenzhen, China. Results indicated that human exposure to PFCs was prevalent in Shenzhen. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) was the dominant PFC contaminant in the serum samples, with a median concentration of 6.72 ng/mL, followed by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with a median concentration of 2.07 ng/mL. Other PFCs were detected at much lower concentrations, with median concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.87 ng/mL. Statistically, no significant (P>0.05) gender differences were observed for any of the PFCs. Significant (P<0.01) positive correlations were found between age and serum concentrations of the target PFCs, except for perfluorobutane sulfonate (R = 0.16, P = 0.01), perfluorohexanoic acid (R = 0.08, P = 0.22), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (R = 0.11, P = 0.10). Based on the one-compartment pharmacokinetic model, the total daily intakes of PFOA and PFOS for the general population in Shenzhen were calculated as 0.63 and 0.20 ng/kg body weight/day, respectively.     

中国沙棘平茬萌蘖种群的生物量动态

 平茬萌蘖是中国沙棘种群更新的有效方式,但其中的生态学机制并不清楚,为此,以样地每木检尺资料为基础,以 "空间差异代替时间变化法"及"样地编年序列法"原理为依据、以生物量投资与分配为指标,探讨了中国沙棘平茬更新的生态学机制.结果表明:① 中国沙棘平茬萌蘖种群及其构件生物量积累过程均符合Logistic方程,可分为慢、快、慢3个阶段,但构件之间的生物量投资与分配具有明显差异;② 通过构件之间的生物量投资与分配调节,中国沙棘实现了平茬后的萌蘖更新,尤其是萌蘖根的生物量投资具有"前置效应"和"主导效应";③ 地上与地下构件的生物量分配具有互补效应,即地下分配比例大时则地上分配比例小.因此,种群实施萌蘖更新过程中,必须在繁殖与生长之间做出权衡.