基于联合时频特征和HMM的多方位SAR目标识别

研究了联合时频特征和隐马尔科夫模型(hidden Markov model, HMM)的多方位合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)目标识别方法。利用HMM模型可以有效地对多方位SAR目标特征分析及识别。在HMM多方位SAR目标识别中的关键之一是SAR目标回波高分辨率距离像(high resolution range profile, HRRP)的特征提取。提出了一种时变频因子加权Fisher鉴别的特征提取方法。利用MSTAR实测SAR目标数据集进行了特征提取和识别实验,实验结果验证了方法的有效性。     

SIAR体制下单基地MIMO雷达距离高分辨研究

常规脉冲压缩处理只针对单根天线单一载频单次回波,对于MIMO雷达,由于发射采用多载频信号,回波信号通道分离后若能进行带宽合成,则相应距离分辨率会比单根天线提高数倍,有利于后续检测与跟踪。针对MIMO雷达设计中调频带宽和载频差的不同选取,分别采用时频域频谱拼接及频谱外推与Root MUSIC算法相结合的方法,得到目标高分辨距离像。仿真结果验证了该方法的正确性。     

同步轨道SAR参数分析及成像方法

针对地表信息探测及监控的地面遥感应用场合,利用同步轨道卫星对地观测重复周期短、可实时监控的特点,从概念、原理上对同步轨道合成孔径雷达进行了说明,对其参数设计方法进行了研究。在条带成像模式下对卫星相对运行轨迹和波束覆盖范围进行了重点研究,理论上分析和计算了卫星轨道及姿态对雷达成像斜视角及多普勒中心的影响。基于对中国地区地理的监测,设计了一组有效的雷达参数,对此进行了理论仿真,对GEOSAR成像中的距离多普勒成像算法和后向投影算法分别进行了对比和说明。通过数据仿真结果验证了本系统的有效性和可行性。     

稳健的多通道SAR特征投影杂波抑制算法

针对强干扰目标信号污染影响传统的特征投影方法杂波抑制性能的问题,提出了一种稳健的特征投影方法。该方法首先构造与回波数据矢量对应的模归一化矢量,对其协方差矩阵进行特征分解,构造新的噪声子空间,最后将回波数据矢量向新的噪声子空间投影进行杂波抑制。理论分析和实验结果验证了该方法的有效性和稳健性。     

MIMO雷达子阵级m-Capon方法研究

针对多输入多输出（multiple input multiple output, MIMO）雷达虚拟阵列孔径大,典型的降维空时自适应处理（space time adaptive processing, STAP）方法--m-Capon法无法适用的问题,对子阵级m-Capon法进行了研究,并与相应的相控阵雷达3-Capon方法进行了比较。计算机仿真结果表明,处理器维数相同时,子阵级3-Capon方法性能明显提高,但非主杂波区误差鲁棒性差;子阵级1-Capon法在非主杂波区性能明显提高,但主杂波凹口太宽。在实际应用中,可综合运用两种方法对主杂波和非主杂波区分开处理,为工程实现提供可靠依据。     

X波段瞬态极化雷达射频前端关键技术研究

瞬态极化新体制雷达,通过单脉冲获得瞬时极化散射矩阵来提取目标特征信息,提高了雷达系统在复杂电磁环境中的探测、抗干扰和反隐身等方面能力。基于该雷达工作原理,提出“同时正交双极化”的射频前端设计方案,完成了国内首部瞬态极化雷达试验系统射频前端的研发。采用正交双通道和幅相一致性技术保证了雷达实现瞬态极化的功能,采用滤波技术保证了射频系统的频谱纯度;采用低噪声放大技术有效降低了接收机噪声系数;采用直接频率综合技术提高了射频系统频率稳定度和相参性能;结构集成一体化设计保证了射频收发前端的电磁兼容性能和便携性。射频前端测试结果均优于指标要求,并支持试验系统初步解决了目标极化散射特征提取与识别领域的基础性和共性难题。     

Design of an anti-jamming GPS receiver based on orthogonal projection method

Code delay and Doppler shifted frequency could not be captured by using the conventional GPS receiver in strong interference environments because the received GPS signals which traveled a long distance are very weak. An anti-jamming GPS receiver is proposed. The interferences in the received signals are cancelled by using subspace projecting technique, and the resulting interference-free signals are processed by a weight vector which maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio. Simulation is conducted, and the resu...     

Calibration method of phase distortions for cross polarization channel of instantaneous polarization radar system

A novel poladmetric calibration method for new target property measurement radar system is presented.Its application in the real radar system is also discussed.The analysis indicates that instantaneous polarization radar (IPR) has inherent cross-polarization measurement error.The proposed method can effectively eliminate this error,and thus enhance the polarization scattering matrix (PSM) measurement precision.The phase error caused by digital receiver's direct iF sampling and mixing of two orthogonal polarization channels can be removed.Consequently,the inherent error of target polarization scattering measurement of the instantaneous polarization radar system is well revised.It has good reference value for further plcarimetric calibration and high practical application prospect.     

New method for passive radar seeker to antagonize non-coherent radar decoy

Using super resolution direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm to reduce the resolution angle is an effective method for passive radar seeker (PRS) to antagonize non-coherent radar decoy. Considering the power and correlation property between radar and non-coherent decoy, an improved subspace DOA estimation method based on traditional subspace algorithm is proposed. Because this new method uses the invariance property of noise subspace, compared with traditional MUSIC algorithm, it shows not only better resolution in condition of closely spaced sources, but also superior performance in case of different power or partially correlated sources. Using this new method, PRS can distinguish radar and non-coherent decoy with good performance. Both the simulation result and the experimental data confirm the performance of the method.     

矢量阵相干宽带MVDR聚焦波束形成

研究了两种矢量阵相干宽带MVDR聚焦波束形成方法:CSS-MVDR聚焦算法和STMV聚焦算法。两种方法将相干宽带MVDR高分辨方位估计方法及矢量阵信号处理技术与聚焦波束形成相融合,较常规聚焦波束形成具有更高的分辨力和更低的旁瓣级,能解决左右舷模糊问题并提高处理增益,可有效提高辐射噪声源近场定位识别效果。两种方法均可直接处理相干宽带信号,对于实际水声信号具有更高的适用性,具有较高的工程应用价值。通过仿真研究验证了相干宽带聚焦算法具有优越的空间分辨能力。