Particle methods for multiscale simulation of complex flows

The multi-scale structures of complex flows have been great challenges to both theoretical and engineering researches, and multi-scale modeling is the natural way in response. Particle methods (PMs) are ideal constitutors and powerful probes of multi-scale models, owing to their physical insight and computational simplicity. In this paper, the role of different PMs for multi-scale modeling of complex flows is critically reviewed and possible development of PMs in this background is prospected, with the emphasis on pseudo-particle modeling (PPM). The performances of some different PMs are compared in simulations and new development in the fundamentals and applications of PPM is also reported, demonstrating PPM as a unique PM for multi-scale modeling.     

Dating recent lake sediments using spheroidal carbonaceous particle （SCP）

Dating lake sediment using sedimentary event is the supplement and calibration to traditional dating by radionuclide such as ^210Pb and ^137Cs. Based on the change of spheroidal carbonaceous particle (SCP) concentration, the age sequence of lake sediments can be deduced. It is one of the dating methods using sedimentary event. SCP is formed from combustion of fossil fuel at high temperature up to1750℃ and at a rate of heating of approaching 104℃/s. It can be dispersed to several hundred kilometers away from its source and deposited with precipitation or dryly deposited, and kept in sediments. Compared with Cs or Pb, there is no evidence for SCP that it decays in lake sediments and is unremovable once stored except by physical disturbance because it is mainly composed of element carbon. Handy method to extract, identify and calculate has been developed. Although fossil fuel has been used early in China, combustion at high temperature started later since emergence of electricity generation. The productivity of SCP is positively related with the generated thermal power, which is reflected as the SCP concentration in lake sediments increases with the increase of generated thermal power. Therefore, reliable sediment markers from the start of the SCP record and the remarkable variation can be used for dating purpose. In China, electricity industry started from the 1950s, and rapid increase of generated power took place since 1978. Based on these time markers, SCP time sequences of lake sediment cores LH and LL-4 from Longgan Lake, the middle reach of the Yangtze River, have been established, which is comparable with the results from ^137Cs and ^210pb, and has eliminated the errors of dating using ^137Cs and ^210pb.     

格形滤波器在ARMA模型辨识中的应用

本文总结了近年来发展的ARMA模型格形辨识算法。基于运用格形滤波器的特性来获得ARMA模型格形辨识算法的思路,着重分析了三种典型算法及其性能,给出了稳定判据,最后指出了今后的发展方向。     

面向载波聚合的FBMC系统PAPR抑制算法研究

针对面向载波聚合的滤波器组多载波(FBMC)调制系统PAPR过高问题,提出一种适用于面向载波聚合的FBMC系统降低PAPR的有效方法。基于预留子载波思想,利用分量载波间的保护间隔充当预留子载波成分,结合时域信号剪切的实现方法,降低信号峰均功率比。同时为克服FBMC系统符号重叠特性的影响,利用后向迭代的实现思想,避免符号重叠引发的峰值再生而引发峰均比回升的问题。仿真结果表明算法可以在不影响系统传输性能的情况下有效降低系统的峰均功率比。     

挤压、剪切作用在增稠现象中的作用研究

学者们一般认为浓厚颗粒悬浮液的稠化现象与颗粒间的剪切作用有关,然而有研究者发现,在冲击试验中,颗粒间的挤压作用可能是悬浮液的稠化主要原因。为了区分挤压和剪切行为在浓厚颗粒悬浮液稠化现象中的作用,本文设计了拖球、拖片的对比试验,并且考虑了围压及加载速率的影响。研究结果表明,在稠化过程中,颗粒间的挤压作用占据了主导地位,即颗粒间的挤压作用比剪切作用更容易造成浓厚悬浮液的增稠。围压的存在会影响挤压和剪切的作用力,围压的增大对增稠现象有明显的促进作用;相比于剪切作用,挤压作用对加载速率的促进作用更加敏感。     

NSGA-II与改进粒子群算法相结合的储能优化配置

储能系统的选址定容在接入新能源的电力系统中具有重要意义,合理选择储能容量可以很好地平抑风电接入后的系统有功功率波动,同时减少能源浪费。本文提出了一种混合智能优化算法(Hybrid Intelligent Optimization Algorithm,HIOA),以电压偏差、负荷波动最小及最少储能配置容量为目标进行优化配置。该算法将多目标粒子群算法改进后(IMOPSO)与精英非支配排序算法(NSGA-II)结合,与常规多目标粒子群算法相比,大幅提高了算法的寻优性能,保证了Pareto 解的多样性和分布性。通过非支配排序求解获得Pareto 最优解集,采用逼近理想解排序(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)选出储能的最优接入方案。通过IEEE-33 节点测试系统的仿真实验验证了本文所提算法的准确性及有效性,在求解配电网储能选址定容问题中有很好的收敛性和全局寻优能力。     

开口管桩沉桩过程试验研究与颗粒流模拟

利用侧面透明的模型箱和铝管半模桩模拟了开口管桩在砂土中的沉桩过程.分别测量了不同桩径和不同相对密实度开口管桩完全闭塞时的土塞高度.结果表明桩径越大,相对密实度越小,则土塞高度越大.利用高分辨率数码摄像设备观察到了土塞形成的三个阶段,重点分析了土塞内几个特征砂颗粒的移动轨迹和压桩过程中孔隙率和接触数的变化,从细观尺度出发探讨开口管桩沉桩过程中砂土的变形机制和土塞形成机理.利用Geodip软件分析了桩土接触面处的砂粒长轴定向和平均配位数,分析表明,土塞形成过程中颗粒原先的结构被打破以及发生了剧烈旋转,颗粒重新进行分布.在模型试验基础上,通过二次开发PFC2D颗粒流程序对沉桩全过程进行离散元仿真模拟.数值模拟结果表明,PFC2D能够模拟开口管桩从开始刺入砂土到形成土塞并最终呈现闭口管桩性态的整个过程.     

考虑弯剪耦合作用的梁桥可靠度评估

在役梁桥的评估需考虑弯剪耦合作用.将抗力与效应由一元随机变量拓展成二元随机变量,引入美国AASHTO规范采用的修正压力场理论,建立弯剪耦合抗力与弯剪复合效应的概率模型,提出了考虑弯剪耦合作用的可靠度评估方法.算例分析表明,对于复合效应中弯矩、剪切分量都较大的截面,其失效机制是弯剪耦合破坏,传统方法计算结果偏不安全,有必要采用考虑弯剪耦合作用的可靠度评估方法.