硼改性酚醛树脂纳米复合材料的制备及其表征

文章建立了一套综合性、设计性大学化学实验——硼改性酚醛树脂纳米复合材料的制备及其表征。通过对3个主体反应模块及操作技术的组合,4个可控位点的设置,制定了一整套实验方案,从而将传统分块的化学实验有机地相结合,将实验教学内容和当前科学研究课题相结合。学生通过主体反应模块和可控位点的思考和操作,构建和强化了化学多个学科的联系和思维,得到了各类反应操作的综合训练,从而培养了学生发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的创新能力。     

细菌纤维素基材料的制备及其应用前景

细菌纤维素(BC)是一种由醋酸菌属合成的胞外多糖,由于其具有独特的性能,因此近些年来BC正日益受到产业界的热切关注.本文介绍了2种BC基材料(BC结构改性材料与BC复合材料)的制备,此外,还介绍了BC基材料在生物医学材料与吸附材料领域的潜在开发前景.     

金胶/碳球复合纳米材料的制备及表征

通过微波水热法,以葡萄糖水溶液为原料,制备了单分散的溶胶碳球,用自组装方法把金胶纳米粒子修饰在碳球表面合成了金胶/碳球纳米复合材料。通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、红外光谱及循环伏安等技术对最终产物的形貌、组成和光学性质进行了表征。由于所得到的金胶/碳球复合材料具有很好的化学稳定性与无毒性,同时金胶纳米粒子具有生物相容性,该复合材料可作为载体材料应用于生物分析。     

铁尾矿的机械力化学活化及制备高强结构材料

以北京密云铁矿尾矿为原料,采用机械力化学方法对其进行活化,并采用粒度分析、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及红外光谱(IR)分析机械力化学效应对尾矿活性的影响.以铁尾矿为主要原料制备出抗压强度达到89MPa、尾矿总体掺量达到70%的尾矿高强结构材料.     

Ultafast organic nonlinear optical molecules and the realization of mesoscopic photonic devices

In the twentieth century, revolutionary changes took place in the human society and people’s life-style due to the improvement of the optoelectronic information technology based on the second-order nonlinear optical effects, such as the electro-optic effect, the second harmonic generation (SHG), and so on. Along with the rapid development of light information technology, new principles and methods of nonlinear optics are needed, and the third-order nonlinear optical effects attract great attention. The research progress of nonlinear optics is reviewed in this article. Our research work on the third-order nonlinear optical materials, ultrafast and low-power organic all-optical photonic crystal switching are introduced.     

Infrared phononic nanoantennas: Localized surface phonon polaritons in SiC disks

The electromagnetic interaction of light with polar materials shows a sharp and well defined electromagnetic response in the infrared (IR) region that consists mainly of excitation of optical phonons. Similar to surface plasmons in the visible region, surface phonons can couple efficiently to infrared light in micron-sized antennas made of polar materials. We applied the boundary element method to calculating the infrared electromagnetic response of single SiC disks acting as effective infrared antennas as a function of different parameters such as disk size and thickness. We also analyzed the effect of locating a probing metallic tip near the SiC disk to scatter light in the proximity of the SiC disk, thereby obtaining new spectral peaks connected with localized modes between the tip and the SiC disk. We then further investigated their application in IR scanning probe microscopy. A near-field map of the phononic resonances enhances the understanding of the nature of the IR extinction peaks.     

叔丁基苯咔唑衍生物发光材料的合成与性能研究

采用Wittig-Horner反应合成了叔丁基苯咔唑衍生物。核磁共振氢谱、红外光谱、质谱和元素分析等表征手段对产物的化学结构进行了确认。利用紫外吸收光谱仪、荧光发射光谱仪、热重分析仪、示差扫描量热仪和电化学工作站对这些化合物的光物理性能、热性能和电化学性能进行了初步表征。实验结果表明:所合成的化合物无论在溶液状态还是固体状态均能发射强烈荧光;化合物具有较高的溶液荧光量子产率(77%~54%);它们的能隙较窄,约为2.9 eV;在紫外吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱上,化合物的最大吸收和发射波长与连接基团有明显的关系;合成的产物均具有非常高的热稳定性,热失重5%的温度(Td)超过470℃,玻璃化温度(Tg)超过220℃。所合成的化合物可望成为高性能发光材料应用于发光器件。     

电沉积法制备Cu_2O与ZnO反蛋白石的复合材料

通过两步电沉积法,利用聚苯乙烯(PS)微球作为模板制备Cu2O与ZnO反蛋白石的复合材料.在UV-vis谱中观察到了明显的光子禁带,而且复合材料的光子禁带随ZnO反蛋白石禁带的改变而改变.此外还研究了温度和pH值对制备Cu2O与ZnO反蛋白石的复合材料的影响.     

CO_2加氢制甲醇用碳纳米管促进的高效新型CuO-ZnO-ZrO_2基催化剂

用一种金属Co修饰多壁碳纳米管基复合材料(y%Co/CNT)作为促进剂,制备一种高效新型的y%Co/CNT促进CuO-ZnO-ZrO2基催化剂(记为CuiZnjZrk-x%(y%Co/CNT)),考察其对CO2加氢制甲醇的催化性能.实验结果显示,在组成经优化的Cu8Zn2Zr5-10%(4.5%Co/CNT)催化剂上,5.0 MPa,523 K,V(H2)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=69∶23∶8,GHSV=25 000 mL/(h.g)的反应条件下,CO2加氢的转化频率达4.99×10-3s-1,分别是相同条件下非促进的原基质Cu8Zn2Zr5和单纯CNT促进的对应物Cu8Zn2Zr5-10%CNT上的相应值(4.31×10-3和4.64×10-3s-1)的1.16和1.08倍;催化剂的表征结果显示,金属Co修饰CNT促进的催化剂对H2优良的吸附活化性能对CO2加氢转化频率(TOF)的显著提高起主要作用.在CO2加氢产物中甲醇的C-基选择性达97.9%,单程时空产率为699 mg/(h.g),具有实用前景.     

Microstructure, crystallography and nucleation mechanism of NANOBAIN steel

The microstructure of bainite ferrite in NANOBAIN steel transformed at different temperatures was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron back-scattered diffraction, and vickers hardness tester in detail. It is found that the average width of bainitic ferrite (BF) plates can be refined to be thinner with the reduction of temperature (473–573 K), and the bainitic ferrite plates can reach up to 20–74 nm at 473 K. Crystallographic analysis reveals that the bainitic ferrite laths are close to the Nishiyama-Wasserman orientation relationship with their parent austenite. Temperature shows a significant effect on the variant selection, and a decrease in temperature generally weakens the variant selection. Thermodynamic analyses indicates that the Lacher, Fowler and Guggenheim (LFG) model is more suitable than the Kaufman, Radcliffe and Cohen (KRC) model dealing with NANOBAIN steel at a low temperature range. The free energy change ΔGγ→BF is about ?1500 J·mol?1 at 473 K, which indicates that nucleation in NANOBAIN steel is the shear mechanism. Finally, the formation of carbon poor regions is thermodynamically possible, and the existence of carbon poor regions can greatly increase the possibility of the shear mechanism.