立井施工作业方式的最优选择

本文通过对立井施工作业方式的分类,以及各施工作业方式在具体条件下的可行性研究,确定出了评定立井施工作业方式的指标,对定量指标给出了计算公式,对定性指标进行了分析。在此基础上,进行多目标决策。最后根据多目标决策的综合指标,确定最优施工作业方案.     

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS- DEPENDENCE AND FEEDBACK IN DECISION-MAKING WITH A SINGLE NETWORK

The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a multicriteria theory of measurement used to derive relative priority scales of absolute numbers from individual judgments (or from actual measurements normalized to a relative form) that also belong to a fundamental scale of absolute numbers. These judgments represent the relative influence, of one of two elements over the other in a pairwise comparison process on a third element in the system, with respect to an underlying control criterion. Through its supermatrix, whose entries are themselves matrices of column priorities, the ANP synthesizes the outcome of dependence and feedback within and between clusters of elements. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with its independence assumptions on upper levels from lower levels and the independence of the elements in a level is a special case of the ANP. The ANP is an essential tool for articulating our understanding of a decision problem. One had to overcome the limitation of linear hierarchic structures and their     

浅议科学事业单位对外投资决策与监督管理

科学事业单位对外投资是一项重大的资金活动,对外投资决策应保证资金使用的安全性和高效性,避免国有资产流失。决策失误、资金使用的无效性、国有资产流失、知识产权争议等,都是目前科学事业单位在对外投资活动管理中普遍存在的问题,本文拟从对外投资的策略选择、投资决策的方法程序、投资的监督管理等方面,对科学事业单位如何加强对外投资安全性和效益性的分析管理加以阐述。     

基于供应链管理的联合定价决策模型探讨

激烈的市场竞争迫使企业抛弃基于劳动分工的传统职能管理思想，采用以供应链为基础的集成化管理思想，以使传统企业各职能部门决策得到有效的协调。在供应链背景下，综合考虑零售商和制造商双方各自的利益，提出了一种生产批量与数量折扣的联合定价模型，以有效地辅助供应链协调管理。     

考虑定价、生产能力和原料采购的VMI系统Pareto最优及其实现

首先讨论在考虑定价、生产能力和原料采购的VMI系统非合作博弈的基础上实现VMI系统Pareto最优的一般条件,其次给出了在Stackelberg博弈下的可行Pareto最优集问题,然后提出了实现生产商和定货商Pareto最优的Nash讨价还价模型,最后给出了算例加以说明合作给企业带来了较大的利润增加.     

The influence of ants on the mating strategy of a myrmecophilic jumping spider (Araneae,Salticidae)

Phintella piatensis is an unusual jumping spider because, despite being neither myrmecophagic nor myrmecomorphic, it associates with ants, including dangerous weaver ants. Although salticids typically spin cocoon‐like nests for use as shelters, the nests of Phintella are unusually dense. These play an important role in how Phintella adapts to living with ants. In experiments, intraspecific interaction and mating increased the risk of being killed by ants when there was no accessible nest, while access to a nest eliminated this risk. Additionally, while outside nests, seeing ants made Phintella reluctant to mate, this being an unusual example of a small animal with exceptional eyesight compensating for predation risk when making vision‐based mating decisions. On the whole, the behaviour of Phintella during intraspecific interaction had broad similarity to the pattern that is common in salticids, but with some of the details of courtship suggesting further adaptation to interacting in the presence of dangerous ants.     

Automated design of multiple-class piecewise linear classifiers

A new method and a supporting theorem for designing multiple-class piecewise linear classifiers are described. The method involves the cutting of straight line segments joining pairs of opposed points (i.e., points from distinct classes) ind-dimensional space. We refer to such straight line segments aslinks. We show how nearly to minimize the number of hyperplanes required to cut all of these links, thereby yielding a near-Bayes-optimal decision surface regardless of the number of classes, and we describe the underlying theory. This method does not require parameters to be specified by users — an improvement over earlier methods. Experiments on multiple-class data obtained from ship images show that classifiers designed by this method yield approximately the same error rate as the bestk-nearest neighbor rule, while providing faster decisions.This research was supported in part by the Army Research Office under grant DAAG29-84-K-0208 and in part by the University of California MICRO Program. We thank R. W. Doucette of the U.S. Naval Weapons Center and R. D. Holben of Ford Aerospace Corporation for providing the ship images in our experiments.     

MERGING FUZZY STATISTICAL DATA WITH IMPRECISE PRIOR INFORMATION

1. Introduction Solving complex decision problems can be regarded as processing of information of different kind coming from various sources. Objective information related to stochastic phenomena that describe the environment of the decision situation can be treated as statistical data. If only such information is available, then the complex decision problem may be reduced to a simpler problem of a statistical decision. However, existing statistical data are usually not sufficient enough to so…     

法律基本原则与普通公民的量刑决策——来自实验的证据

无罪推定原则和法律面前人人平等是中国司法过程中审判人员需遵守的基本法律原则。为考察普通公民的自然正义观是否和这两项基本的法律原则具有一致性，本研究以198名非法学专业大学生为被试，要求被试对一桩故意杀人案的嫌疑人进行法律裁决。实验结果表明：在确证有罪的条件下，被试判决的刑期远远高于无证据的条件，表明被试的自然正义观和法律基本原则之间存在一定的一致性；当有较强证据但无确证的情况下，被试对嫌疑人的量刑要重于无证据的情况，违反了疑罪从无原则；当嫌疑人的身份为某官员之子时，被试对嫌疑人的量刑比当嫌疑人的身份为农民时更严重，违反了法律面前人人平等原则；受害者的不同身份在量刑的差异上不显著。可见，普通社会成员的法律公正观有一定的主观性，对于两项基本原则的遵循存在偏差，容易受到情绪、道德观念的影响，表现出有限理性的特点。     

公共图书馆如何为党政机关立法决策服务——以湖北省图书馆为例

为党政机关立法决策提供信息服务是公共图书馆的主要工作之一。以湖北省图书馆为例,介绍了公共图书馆为党政机关立法决策提供的信息服务的特点,提出了提高服务水平的措施。