腐蚀管线的剩余寿命预测

预测管线的腐蚀变化趋势及腐蚀对管线结构完整性的危害是评价管线剩余寿命的关键步骤。将影响管线剩余寿命的各种因素看成是分布各异的随机变量 ,建立了预测管线失效的概率数学模型。利用这一模型 ,研究了腐蚀速率、缺陷深度、管道壁厚和工作压力等因素对管线可靠性的影响。结果表明 ,各参数的不确定性越大 ,管线的可靠性越低 ;缺陷深度在腐蚀缺陷形成初期 ,对管线的可靠性有很大影响 ,而随着时间的推移 ,腐蚀速率将对管线的可靠性有较大影响。对一条输油管线 ,基于管线腐蚀检测数据 ,对 1km长度的管道进行失效概率统计分析得到的腐蚀速率能够对管线全线的安全状况做出合理预测 ,从而为管线的进一步维修与检测提供参考资料。     

电潜泵井井筒温度分布模型的建立及应用

准确地预测电潜泵井井筒温度分布对电潜泵井优化设计和正常生产具有重要意义 ,也是进行油井生产动态分析必不可少的内容。在对常规井筒温度场进行了计算的基础上 ,根据能量守恒定律及传热学原理 ,考虑由井筒向地层传热及电机、电缆散热 ,推导出了电潜泵井生产流体沿井筒的温度分布计算模型 ,并对某一井深为 180 0m的电潜泵生产井进行了模拟计算。计算结果表明 ,油井产量恒定时 ,电机、电缆散热可使产出流体温度升高 ,这是影响电潜泵井井筒温度分布的主要因素之一。     

电潜单螺杆泵油井生产系统优化设计方法

以电潜单螺杆泵油井生产系统为研究对象 ,以油井供液能力 (原油入井流动特性曲线 )、单螺杆泵的特性和整个系统的协调工作为依据 ,利用系统节点分析方法和最优化技术 ,把获得设计产量下的系统效率最高或能耗最低作为优化设计目标 ,介绍了井下电潜螺杆泵子系统基本模型的建立方法 ,并给出了有关的换算关系式、优化设计方法及步骤。利用现场优化设计实例验证了此方法的可行性 ,为油田电潜单螺杆泵油井生产的优化设计提供了理论依据。     

分解者亚系统能量流动的数学分析

依据房室模型和微分方程理论,对绿色农业生态系统中的分解者亚系统的能量流动过程进行了数学分析,建立了数学模型。稳定性分析结果表明,在绿色农业生态系统中,分解者亚系统能量流动过程中的平衡态是渐进稳定的。即该平衡态的稳定性机制为负反馈机制,该系统具有抵抗干扰和保持系统平衡态的自我调节能力,以确保能量流动的正常进行。最后,通过解微分方程,给出了该系统能量流动的数学模拟公式。     

在工科数学教学中加强数学应用意识教学的思考

阐述了加强数学应用意识教学的重要性,教师是加强数学应用意识教学的关键,加强数学应用意识教学应该适当增加数学实验与数学建模内容,在数学教学中加强对人的发展作用。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Porphyrin-Trisbenzimidazole Dinucleating Ligand and Its Heterodinuclear Complex as CcO Active Site Model

A new dinucleating ligand having two metal-binding sites has been designed and synthesized as model ligand for Cytochrome c Oxidase. The corresponding heterodi-nuclear complex, as an active site model of Cytochrome c Oxidase, consisting of a porphyrinatocobalt compound covalently linked with a copper derivative of tris(2-benzimidazylmethyl) amine bearing three benzimidazole ligands for copper was synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. The spectra data suggest that there are interactions between the cobalt and copper coordination units. The cobalt is coordinated to four central nitrogens of the porphyrin and the copper has pentaco-ordinate geometry with the four tertiary amine nitrogens and a chloride.     

梯级水库联合理想补偿调节研究

针对梯级水库群防洪调度问题，建立了一个梯级联合优化调度模型，并对此模型提出了一种联合理想补偿调节方式，通过对白山和丰满水库联合调度计算可得到良好的效果。     

A model for assessing effects of climate change on runoff in China

A model is established for assessing the effects of climate change on runoff in China based on the land surface parameterization scheme variable infiltration capacity (VIC). The entire area of China is represented by 2604 cells with a resolution of 60 km×60 km for each cell. Forcing data, soil and vegetation parameters needed by the VIC model for the entire area of China are prepared. Daily forcing data, which are obtained from 740 stations between 1980 and 1990, are interpolated to the 60 km×60 km grid system. The VIC model is run on every grid cell over the whole China, and a routing scheme is run offline with daily input of surface runoff and drainage from the VIC to get hydrograph at basin outlets. The spatial patterns of simulated runoff and mean annual precipitation are consistent very well. The results of monthly streamflow simulations over the Huaihe and Weihe River basins indicate that there is a good agreement between the observed and simulated values, and also initially indicate the rationality and feasibility of the evaluation model.     

A new method to dynamically simulate groundwater table in land surface model VIC

Soil moisture plays an important role in water and energy balance in land-atmospheric interaction, but is impacted directly by the groundwater table. Dynamic variation of the groundwater table can be described mathematically by a moving boundary problem. In this paper, the moving boundary problem is reduced to a fixed boundary problem through a coordinate transformation. A new model of groundwater table simulation is developed using the mass-lumped finite element method and is coupled with the land surface model of Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC). The simulation results show that the new model not only can simulate the groundwater table dynamically, but also can evade the choice of water table depth scale in computation with a low computation cost.     

Lorenz系统混沌解序列可预报性的统计检验

利用Lorenz简化热对流模式产生了吸引子区域内的混沌解序列，对截取的序列进行了乎稳性和正态性检验．按照3种情形分别选取样本，并应用统计预报中的ARMA模型、多元线性回归模型、多项式回归模型和均值生成函数模型等作出项报。比较分析表明：所选取方程组产生的混池解序列，呈现非周期、非乎稳、非正态特性等极不规则的分布，导致几种统计模型对于两个不稳定平衡状态间的不确定的突变情形基本失去了预报能力，系统行为几乎无法预测，其根本原因在于系统的混沌特性。但在某一不稳定平衡状态内，序列段呈现振幅不断放大的准周期振荡，具有一定的规律性，几种统计模型预报的效果较好，说明在应用统计方法进行预报的前提下，系统行为存在着局部时段的有限的可预报性。