二甲氧基甲烷在酸介质中的电氧化特性

DMM在pH<2.5时会发生水解,本文主要研究了DMM在酸性介质中的循环伏安行为随时间的变化情况,并用电化学方法验证了DMM的水解产物是甲醛和甲醇.     

MDR1, cholesterol certification and cell growth: a comparative study in normal and multidrug-resistant KB cell lines

The product of the MDR1 gene (P-gp) has been implicated in the transport of cholesterol from plasma membrane to endoplasmic reticulum for esterification. In previous studies on leukemia cell lines, we suggested that cholesterol esterification may regulate the rate of cell growth and that the MDR1 gene might be involved in this process by modulating intracellular cholesterol esters levels. To further investigate this matter, the rate of cell growth, cholesterol metabolism, expression of the MDR1 gene, and P-gp activity were compared in KB cell lines displaying differences in expression and function of P-gp (drug-sensitive phenotype versus MDR phenotype). The rate of cell growth correlated with cholesterol esterification in all KB cell lines, whereas the over-expression of MDR1 observed in the MDR cell lines was not always associated with an increased capacity of cells to esterify cholesterol. Two known inhibitors of P-gp activity, progesterone and verapamil, strongly inhibited both cholesterol esterification and cell proliferation in all KB cell lines, but they affected intracellular accumulation of labeled vinblastine only in MDR cell lines. These results further support a role for cholesterol esters in the regulation of cell growth and suggest that the P-gp expressed in MDR KB cells is not involved in the general process leading to cholesterol esterification. Received 14 February 2000; received after revision 10 April 2000; accepted 8 May 2000     

一种新型电池的开发和研究

本文从燃料电池在国内发展的技术状况,各类型燃料电池特性对比,结合我国国情,提出了我国应研究开发熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的建议和设想。     

黄鳝成体性腺组织生殖干细胞的体外培养及鉴定

通过黄鳝成体性腺组织的体外培养,探讨黄鳝成体性腺生殖干细胞体外分离培养与鉴定的方法.分离黄鳝性腺组织进行植块培养,倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞生长状况.利用H.E、油红O染色、碱性磷酸酶(AP)细胞化学染色等方法对培养细胞进行鉴定.黄鳝成体性腺组织原代培养3～5 d,可见组织周围有细胞迁出,并形成生长晕.15 d左右,生长晕直径可达3～3.2 mm,生长晕中的细胞主要包括:成纤维细胞、神经样细胞、类生殖干细胞三种类型.成纤维细胞呈不对称的长梭形,突起短而多,细胞核较浅,核仁明显,有2～3个核仁,是生长晕的主要细胞成分.神经样细胞具有放射丝状细胞突起,油红O染色呈阳性反应.类生殖干细胞呈圆形,单核或多核,核质比大,AP染色呈现出阳性反应.探索了适于黄鳝成体性腺组织体外培养的条件和方法,并对原代培养的细胞进行了初步鉴定,为进一步利用体外培养的黄鳝成体性腺生殖干细胞开展黄鳝性逆转分子机制研究奠定了基础.     

The role of repair in radiobiology

Summary Apart from cancer and mutation induction, radiobiological effects on mammals are mostly attributable to cell death, defined as loss of proliferative capacity. Survival curves relate retention of that capacity to radiation dose, and often manifest a quasi-threshold (shoulder). The shoulder is attributable to an initial mechanism of repair (Q-repair) which is gradually depleted as dose increases. Another form of repair, which is not depleted (P-repair), increases the dose required to deliver an average of one lethal event per cell (dose D₀). Neither form of repair can unambiguously be linked with repair of defects in isolated DNA. An important initial lesion may well be disruption of the complex structural relationship between the DNA, nuclear membrane and associated proteins. One form of P-repair may be restoration of that structural relationship.     

Superoxide dismutase activity during the plasmodial life cycle ofPhysarum polycephalum

Summary Superoxide dismutase activity was slow throughout the cell cycle of surface cultures ofPhysarum polycephalum. This activity increased markedly when the organism was induced to spherulate. Glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) concentrations changed very little during the cell cycle. During spherulation GSH decreased; H₂O₂ and the cyanide-resistant respiration of plasmodial homogenates increased.     

Genistein inhibits human TNF-α-induced porcine endothelial cell adhesiveness for human monocytes and natural killer cells

Cellular immune response is a major barrier to xenotransplantation. Human tumor necrosis factor-α (hTNF-α) possesses cross-species activity and directly amplifies the immune rejection via the upregulation of adhesion molecules on porcine endothelium. We investigated the role of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in the induction of expression of E-sclectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and the augmentation of adhesion of human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMo) and natural killer cells (PBNK), after rhTNF-α-stimulation of porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) in vitro, rhTNF-α-increased adhesiveness of PAEC for both PBMo and PBNK was dose-dependently reduced by pretreatment of PAEC with the selective protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor genistein. The inhibitory effect occurred at the early time of PAEC activation triggered by rhTNF-α, and was completely reversible. PTK activity assay indicated that genistein also suppressed rhTNF-α stimulated activation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) in PAEC in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis showed that genistein inhibited the upregulation of E-selectin and VCAM-1 by rhTNF-α. These results suggest that PTKs may regulate the expression of E-selectin and VCAM-1 on PAEC and the adherence of PBMo and PBNK induced by rhTNF-α. Moreover, dietary genistein, used as an adhesion antagonist, may contribute to managing the cell-mediated rejection in the clinical application.     

Rho激酶抑制剂诱导PC12和PC12Adh细胞突起生长的差异比较

 PC12细胞是研究神经分化最常用的细胞之一.在rho激酶(ROCK)抑制剂的作用下,PC12细胞能够长出神经样突起.最近,美国菌种保存中心(ATCC)同时提供PC12细胞和PC12 Adh细胞.研究的主要目的是观察ROCK抑制剂诱导这2种细胞长突起是否存在差异.PC12细胞和PC12Adh细胞按照ATCC方法进行培养,用神经生长因子(NGF,1000ng/mL)或ROCK抑制剂(33μmol/L Y27632,33μmol/L法舒地尔)处理细胞1~4d.结果发现NGF能够诱导这2种细胞生长突起,而ROCK抑制剂只诱导PC12Adh细胞长突起,对PC12细胞不明显.因此,ROCK抑制剂诱导这2种细胞突起生长存在明显差异,PC12Adh细胞更适合用于ROCK抑制剂的神经诱导分化实验.     

基于径向基函数神经网络的燃料电池温度非线性建模与预测

针对现有的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池（MCFC）模型过于复杂的弊端，本文应用RBF神经网络辨识方法建立了MCFC的温度非线性模型。简要分析了MCFC电堆的温度特性，讨论了应用RBF神经网络进行多输入／多输出非线性系统建模的主要问题，并详细给出了其辨识结构，算法和模型训练方案，应用仿真对建模的有效性和建模精度进行了检验，并与BP神经网络辨识的效果进行了对比，仿真结果证明RBF神经网络远比BP神经网络收敛得快，应用RBF神经网络辨识方法对MCFC电堆建模是可行的，它避免了用复杂的微分方程组来描述MCFC，通过神经网络可快速地得到其输入同特性，它为MCFC温度的在线预测和在线控制奠定了基础。