Philosophy of chemistry and the image of science

The philosophical analysis of chemistry has advanced at such a pace during the last dozen years that the existence of philosophy of chemistry as an autonomous discipline cannot be doubted any more. The present paper will attempt to analyse the experience of philosophy of chemistry at the, so to say, meta-level. Philosophers of chemistry have especially stressed that all sciences need not be similar to physics. They have tried to argue for chemistry as its own type of science and for a pluralistic understanding of science in general. However, when stressing the specific character of chemistry, philosophers do not always analyse the question ‘What is science?’ theoretically. It is obvious that a ‘monistic’ understanding of science should not be based simply on physics as the epitome of science, regarding it as a historical accident that physics has obtained this status. The author’s point is that the philosophical and methodological image of science should not be chosen arbitrarily; instead, it should be theoretically elaborated as an idealization (theoretical model) substantiated on the historical practice of science. It is argued that although physics has, in a sense, justifiably obtained the status of a paradigm of science, chemistry, which is not simply a physical science, but a discipline with a dual character, is also relevant for elaborating a theoretical model of science. The theoretical model of science is a good tool for examining various issues in philosophy of chemistry as well as in philosophy of science or science studies generally.     

我国国内旅游需求影响因素分析及规模预测

近20年来我国国内旅游业发展之所以形成高潮,一方面由于我国实行改革开放的结果,而另一方面更在于近年我国居民可支配收入和闲暇时间的增多.2003年上半年,中国旅游业遭受SARS的沉重打击,2003年下半年国内旅游业经历了迅速恢复期,2004年已经表现出很强的增长势头.就影响我国国内旅游业发展的主要因素进行分析,并对未来五年我国国内旅游发展规模进行预测.     

大型矿用挖掘机控制系统的特点及发展方向

比较了发电机—电动机组直流调速系统、可控硅直流调速系统、交流变频调速系统这3种调速系统在矿用挖掘机上的应用情况。     

提升普通高校学报影响力的措施和方法

分析了普通高校学报影响因子低、影响力小的原因,重点论述了提高普通高校学报被引频次、影响因子和影响力的措施和方法.     

磁路参量探讨

建议引出磁容、磁感、磁阻、磁导、磁动势等参量。建立了等效路上的对偶性定理。讨论了近十种重要的推理或应用。     

群速度和相速度的微机模拟

本文介绍了作者开发的群速度和相速度微机模拟软件的程序设计和实现．该软件做为演示实验已经取得了良好的效果．     

外气的旋频曲线的实验研究

“旋转曲线”是旋子模型及旋子流假说的重要内容，该曲线在气功外气的研究中占有重要地位。本文从实验的角度证实了旋频曲线的存在，证明了意念对外气的调制作用．     

Decision Support Systems (DSS) development using a model of user inquiry types: Methodological proposals and a case study

A study of the DSS implementation area reveals an increased emphasis on methodologies for DSS development. As the DSS field matures, a larger number of methodological options are becoming available to the DSS developer. Existing methodologies have adopted various methods for performing the important task of DSS requirements analysis and specification. In envisaging a hierarchy of requirements analysis methods, a method for improved requirements analysis is proposed to remedy observed deficiencies within it. This method is based on a view of generic types of inquiries or solicitations made by the DSS user during decision-making. This formalism constitutes the basis of a proposed DSS development methodology that offers several benefits to DSS development. The intended benefits include a sharper and more focused requirements analysis to improve the DSS development process. This paper describes the model and methodology, alongside details of a real-world example of their use in developing a Marketing Decision Support System (MKDSS) for the support of marketing decision-making.