PCrNi3MoVA钢的动态断裂性能

用预制裂纹的CHARPY试样在装备有载荷、位移传感器及微型计算机的冲击试验机上测定了PCrNi3MoVA钢的动态断裂性能,比较了不同冲击速度,不同载面尺寸的试样对K_(Id)的影响,并测出了低温-40℃时的K_(Id)值.     

Selected decrease of haemocytes of the freshwater snailPlanorbarius corneus (L.) (Gastropoda,Pulmonata) after bacteria injection

Summary The decrease of haemolymph phagocytic cells (SH) inPlanorbarius corneus after bacterial injection seems to be mediated by humoral factor(s) released into the haemolymph. SH show different adhesiveness in vitro in the presence of bacterial metabolic products.     

PIXE and INAA studies on ancient potteries from Guangfulin relics in Shanghai

This paper reports the study of ancient potteries unearthed from the Guangfulin site in Shanghai. From the external features of these potteries, archeologists can classify them into two different cultural types: Liangzhu culture (local culture) and a new culture which might be derived elsewhere, but they can not recognize whether they were produced in the same place. Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) were used to measure the chemical compositions of the samples and the results were analyzed using multivariate statistics. We found that the two methods can complement each other and their database can be mutually referenced in the study of ancient potteries. Experimental results show that the compositions of the potteries from the two cultural types are different, which means that the materials for ancient potteries of new culture originate from elsewhere. This supports the archaeologists’ speculation that a group of ancient people migrated to Shanghai from some other places 4000 years ago.     

制约我国农产品出口的原因探析

从宏观、中观和微观三个层次对制约我国农产品出口快速发展的原因作了深入分析，并有针对性地借鉴了发达国家的作法，为提高我国农产品竞争力提供参考。     

柔道比赛制胜内外要素的分析

柔道运动是集智慧、力量、敏捷、精神和意志为一体的竞技对抗运动。柔道的制胜取决于运动员所具有的内外素质。柔道不仅是要身体健硕,还必须通过精神要素来支配技术上的巧与拙,以达到真正意义上的以柔克刚,并通过这些方式使精神得到修炼,品格受到培养。     

R-收敛因子和σ-收敛因子之间的关系

收敛速度是衡量一个最优化算法好坏的重要指标．1970年Ortega和Rheinboldt给出了两种度量一个迭代过程收敛快慢的精确标志．笔者证明了当收敛阶p＝1时，R—收敛因子和σ—收敛因子是相等的，从而可以用两种度量标志中的任何一种进行度量．     

一种基于强计算的多属性决策方法及其应用

针对权重信息以实数形式给出，属性值以区间数形式给出的多属性决策问题，以强计算为基础，从统计学的基本思想出发，给出了一种数值模拟决策方法．该方法成功的避开了区间数难于比较的问题，具有很强的抗干扰能力，能够使决策结果客观合理，不具有主观随意性．最后通过实例，介绍了这种决策方法的基本步骤，验证了该算法的有效性，并给出了其在艺术类招生中的一个应用．     

检测器误差对路网流量推算影响的灵敏度分析

以路网检测器布设可测流问题中检测器误差对路网流量推算的影响为研究对象,采用基于交叉口转弯比的流量守恒方程和网络检测器布设模型,给出灵敏度分析方法并将其作为检测器误差分析的通用方法.将路段流量推算结果受误差源路段检测器误差的影响定义为关键系数,通过理论推导得出,多个误差源路段流量检测器误差对路网流量推算结果的影响为单个误差源路段流量检测器误差影响的线性叠加.最后以方格式路网为实例,采用在路网的只进和只出路段布设检测器两种方案,利用关键系数给出了检测路段流量误差对未检测路段流量推算的影响.     

火山渣对地下水中Cd2+的吸附效果

针对水体中Cd²⁺污染问题, 采用生态安全型火山渣进行吸附低温水体中Cd²⁺的实验研究, 分析火山渣吸附Cd²⁺的效果及影响因素. 结果表明： 火山渣是一种具有潜在应用价值的Cd²⁺吸附剂, 1.00 g火山渣对10 ℃,0.5 mg/L水体中Cd²⁺的去除率达97.10%; 接近中性环境有利于吸附Cd²⁺; Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺,NO^-₃对火山渣吸附Cd²⁺有抑制作用, Fe²⁺和 Mn²⁺的抑制作用较小; 当NH⁺₄和NO^-₂的质量浓度低于50 mg/L时, 对吸附无影响, 当其质量浓度大于50 mg/L时, 对吸附有抑制作用; SO^2-₄对吸附作用无影响; 质量浓度较大的HCO^-₃对吸附Cd^2+有促进作用.