核电站安全壳内~(18)F输运模拟研究

为提高核电站安全壳内一回路管道破损泄漏出的中子活化产物~(18)F浓度的测量精度,利用数值模拟方法,初步研究了一回路中子活化产物~(18)F泄漏后在安全壳内的传输机理,获得了~(18)F随时间变化在安全壳内浓度分布云图、速度云图,在取样点体积浓度随时间变化情况。数值模拟结果表明:在反应堆本体发生泄漏900 s后,安全壳内~(18)F扩散趋于稳定,达到动态平衡状态;~(18)F在安全壳内浓度分布呈现分层特点,上层空间浓度高于下部空间;不同监测区域~(18)F体积浓度存在差别,据此有助于~(18)F辐射监测仪器获取准确度更高的一回路泄漏率。     

The novel H1N1 Influenza A global airline transmission and early warning without travel containments

A novel influenza A (H1N1) has been spreading worldwide. Early studies implied that international air travels might be key cause of a severe potential pandemic without appropriate containments. In this study, early outbreaks in Mexico and some cities of United States were used to estimate the preliminary epidemic parameters by applying adjusted SEIR epidemiological model, indicating transmissibility infectivity of the virus. According to the findings, a new spatial allocation model totally based on the real-time airline data was established to assess the potential spreading of H1N1 from Mexico to the world. Our estimates find the basic reproductive number R0 of H1N1 is around 3.4, and the effective reproductive number fall sharply by effective containment strategies. The finding also implies Spain, Canada, France, Panama, Peru are the most possible country to be involved in severe endemic H1N1 spreading.     

基于快速凸包的目标车辆动态围堵算法

为了以最小代价快速抓捕逃逸的目标车辆,利用凸包和图论的方法研究了目标车辆的动态围堵问题。对传统凸包算法进行改进,基于快速凸包算法形成了节点数最少的完全包围圈;将警力调度问题转化为加权二分图匹配问题,并求出耗时最少的警力调度结果,最后形成具体的围堵方案。改进后的快速凸包算法结合警力调度算法能在相对较短时间内对逃逸车辆完成围堵。     

城市垃圾填埋场地下环境污染及控制对策

对城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液及其污染特性进行了分析,对我国城市垃圾填埋造成的土地、地下水污染现状进行了3个实例分析。通过实验室模拟实验研究渗滤液中污染物在地下环境中迁移转化作用,实验结果表明,垃圾渗滤液在地下出现了4个顺序氧化还原带,分别为产甲烷带、Fe(III)还原带、NO-3还原带和氧还原带,微生物在每个带利用的最终电子受体是不同的。最后以北天堂垃圾填埋场为例,建立地下水污染物运移的数值模型,对垃圾渗滤液污染的控制方案进行了模拟研究,模拟计算表明,北天堂垃圾填埋场顶部防护层的设置,必须使外部水进入垃圾场的入渗量控制在小于36 mm/a,才能有效控制渗滤液的污染。     

钢束预应力对飞机撞击核安全壳破坏效应的影响

为了分析预应力钢束其对安全壳防护性能的影响,建立了精细化的岭澳核安全壳以及A320大型商用客机有限元模型,通过LS-DYNA有限元软件对不同预应力工况下,飞机以215 m/s的速度撞击安全壳最薄弱部位进行了数值模拟分析,结果表明：模拟得到的撞击力时程曲线形状与已有研究相似;随着钢束预应力的增加,安全壳的损伤程度降低,且最大撞击位移不断减小并趋于平稳;拟合得到了最大撞击位移随钢束预应力变化的公式.     

Implementing Cost Control in Health Care: Strategies Driven by an Organizational Systems Approach

In this paper, we offer a systems approach to assist health care organizations in their cost-containment efforts. A general model of the organization which specifies the various components of this approach is offered. Each system—technology, structure, psychosocial, managerial, and cultural—is linked to illustrative selected actions designed to improve cost performance. In our view, the key to successful interventions to contain costs lies in careful consideration of both the direct and interactive impacts on all systems of the health care organization. A case example of an Academic Medical Center's effort to curtail costs illustrates both the model and the sample actions.     

Duffing方程概周期解的存在性

证明了一类概周期Ｄｕｆｆｉｎｇ方程ｔ（ｔ，ｘ）有概周期解，且有模包含关系。     

外伤性肝破裂并发腹腔室膈综合征的诊断和处理

目的 :总结外伤性肝破裂并发腹腔室隔综合征 (ACS)的诊断和处理经验。方法 :回顾性分析 2例外伤性肝破裂 ,失血性休克并发 ACS病例 ,皆以其临床特征得出诊断。一旦确定 ACS诊断 ,立即开腹减压。用 3L 无菌静脉营养用透明塑料袋 ,剪开两边成三角帽状覆盖于膨出肠曲 ,并缝于切口皮缘 ,暂时性“关腹”。结果 :采用剑突至耻骨联合大切口开腹减压 ,结果满意。 1例术后 ACS缓解 ,但因呕吐窒息死亡 ,1例治愈出院。结论 :诊断 ACS的关键是认识 ACS的临床特征 ,ACS一旦确诊应及时开腹减压 ,唯有作正中大切口开腹才能充分减压 ,用 3L无菌塑料袋暂时性“关腹”是理想的选择     

Instant Messaging Worms Propagation Simulation and Countermeasures

Instant messaging （IM） has become one of the most popular online communication tools among consumer and enterprise IM users. It provides instant message delivery, as well as convenient file transfer services. The increasing popularity and functionalities of IM programs have made it increasingly attractive for attackers, especially for worm writers. IM contact list offers worm an easy way of finding potential victims so that the worm could achieve a surprising spreading speed. This paper first presents our experimental results of simulating IM worm propagation in the logical network defined by IM contact lists, which is reported to be a scale-free network. Then, the existing proposals for detecting and containing IM worm epidemics are discussed. At last, a new algorithm for this purpose is presented, which is based on the observation of the bi-directional nature of IM worm traffic, and its advantages and possible improvements in implementation are analyzed. The simulation results show the proposed algorithm is of significant effect on restricting IM worm propagation.     

安全壳过滤排放系统中固体粉末气溶胶发生装置设计与性能研究

 在进行安全壳过滤排放系统对气溶胶过滤性能的测试实验时,针对现有固体粉末气溶胶发生装置不能用于高压配送系统的缺点,本文设计了一种能够应用于高压系统、黏性粉末配送的双筒多级流化循环型气溶胶发生装置,它不仅能够配送满足要求的气溶胶,还实现了高压在线连续供粉功能。经过实验验证,气溶胶配送量的相对误差在15%以内,满足研究要求。