长锥形光纤装置的研制

利用微机与步进电机相结合的技术,控制常用的双坩埚光纤拉丝机出丝管口的直径大小和鼓轮转速快慢,实现了数控拉制1~2 m长锥形光纤的新方法,并且利用传播模式分析了拉制方法的优劣.     

基于强化学习的连续型机械臂自适应跟踪控制

针对空间主动碎片清除操作中连续型三臂节机器人系统跟踪问题,提出一种基于强化学习的自适应滑模控制算法。基于数据驱动的建模方法,采用BP神经网络对三臂节连续型机械臂进行建模,并作为预测模型指导强化学习实时调节所提出滑模控制器的控制参数,从而实现连续型机器人运动的实时跟踪控制。仿真结果表明：提出的数据驱动的预测模型对随机轨迹预测的相对误差保持在±1%以内,能够高精度地反映系统动态特性。对比固定参数的滑模控制器,提出的自适应控制器在保证系统达到控制目标的同时具有更低的超调量和更短的调节时间,表现出更好的控制效果。     

7.62 mm步枪弹正冲击30CrMnSiA钢板破坏效应试验

采用Φ25口径弹道滑膛炮发射7.62 mm步枪弹头对经过某热处理工艺的4.1 mm厚30CrMnSiA钢板进行了正冲击弹道破坏效应试验.冲击速度为600～890 m/s.随着冲击速度的增加,通过试验分别观察到靶板的破坏模式依次经历隆起和盘形凹陷的塑性变形、花瓣型破坏以及冲塞型破坏3种模式.弹道极限速度在662 m/s左右.试验结果分析表明,对靶板的冲击效应主要体现在弹头内强度较高的钢芯上,但当冲击速度提高到一定程度之后,被甲的质量效应开始表现出来,形成继钢芯冲塞靶板之后的二次冲塞;冲击之后的弹头钢芯头部镦粗,且其镦粗程度随弹头冲击速度的提高逐渐降低,一般不发生质量侵蚀现象.     

基于一阶振型斜率的剪切型建筑结构损伤定位

提出了一种利用结构一阶振型斜率改变判断剪切型结构损伤位置的方法.首先,进行结构振型和振型斜率对损伤的敏感性分析,导出敏感性系数表达式.然后,计算结构损伤前后的一阶振型斜率差.最后,在敏感性分析和计算得到的结构一阶振型斜率差的基础上,通过迭代计算消除多损伤引起的振型斜率改变叠加进行损伤定位.通过10层剪切型框架结构不同损伤工况的数值分析表明,所提出的算法能够正确识别所有的损伤位置.     

单轴晶体平板与各向同性介质平板间的Casimir力

在量子表面模式方法的基础上,计算单轴晶体平板与各向同性介质平板间的Casimir力.在延迟条件下,给出了两平板间Casimir力的解析表达式.此Casimir力的主要部分与两相同半无限大各向同性介质平板间Casimir力相同,附加项与单轴晶体光轴与x轴夹角的三角函数相关.     

基于EMD能量占比的海面漂浮小目标特征检测

针对传统的时频分析方法对海杂波分析有限的问题,提出一种基于经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)能量占比的海面漂浮小目标特征检测方法.首先,采用EMD将接收回波分为独立不同尺度的若干个固有模态(intrinsic mode function,IMF)分量,实现对接收回波的频率从...     

An Adaptive Multiscale Ensemble Learning Paradigm for Nonstationary and Nonlinear Energy Price Time Series Forecasting

For forecasting nonstationary and nonlinear energy prices time series, a novel adaptive multiscale ensemble learning paradigm incorporating ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and least square support vector machines (LSSVM) with kernel function prototype is developed. Firstly, the extrema symmetry expansion EEMD, which can effectively restrain the mode mixing and end effects, is used to decompose the energy price into simple modes. Secondly, by using the fine‐to‐coarse reconstruction algorithm, the high‐frequency, low‐frequency and trend components are identified. Furthermore, autoregressive integrated moving average is applicable to predicting the high‐frequency components. LSSVM is suitable for forecasting the low‐frequency and trend components. At the same time, a universal kernel function prototype is introduced for making up the drawbacks of single kernel function, which can adaptively select the optimal kernel function type and model parameters according to the specific data using the PSO algorithm. Finally, the prediction results of all the components are aggregated into the forecasting values of energy price time series. The empirical results show that, compared with the popular prediction methods, the proposed method can significantly improve the prediction accuracy of energy prices, with high accuracy both in the level and directional predictions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Biosynthesis, immunity, regulation, mode of action and engineering of the model lantibiotic nisin

This review discusses the state-of-the-art in molecular research on the most prominent and widely applied lantibiotic, i.e., nisin. The developments in understanding its complex biosynthesis and mode of action are highlighted. Moreover, novel applications arising from engineering either nisin itself, or from the construction of totally novel dehydrated and/or lanthionine-containing peptides with desired bioactivities are described. Several challenges still exist in understanding the immunity system and the unique multiple reactions occurring on a single substrate molecule, carried out by the dehydratase NisB and the cyclization enzyme NisC. The recent elucidation of the 3-D structure of NisC forms the exciting beginning of further 3-D-structure determinations of the other biosynthetic enzymes, transporters and immunity proteins. Advances in achieving in vitro activities of lanthionine-forming enzymes will greatly enhance our understanding of the molecular characteristics of the biosynthesis process, opening up new avenues for developing unique and novel biocatalytic processes. Received 9 April 2007; received after revision 31 August 2007; accepted 28 September 2007     

基于竞争失效模式的数控机床可靠性建模

数控机床是复杂的机电一体化系统,其故障不仅包括由于机械磨损造成的性能退化失效,还包括电子器件等引起的突发性失效,数控机床故障是退化失效和突发失效竞争的结果. 故本文假设突发失效和退化失效相互独立并且都服从Weibull分布,综合考虑突发失效和性能退化之间的相关性和竞争关系进行数控机床可靠性建模研究. 采用最小二乘估计法估计模型参数,运用D检验法进行参数拟和性检验;得出了一种基于竞争失效模式分析的可靠性评估模型. 最后,以15台某系列数控机床60个故障数据对该方法进行验证,说明了该方法的有效性和可行性.     

船舶航向非线性输出反馈控制

为解决船舶航向控制系统的模型不确定性、高度非线性以及状态变量与控制输入的约束问题,提出一种基于滑模控制的反馈控制算法.利用递归迭代设计法,将非线性滑动模态建立到扩展状态空间,并结合增量反馈控制,无须对不确定项进行估计.在系统输入增益符号已知条件下可自动寻找使系统稳定的控制量,避免变结构控制的抖振以及输出反馈控制的稳态误差及超调,并保证闭环系统的高阶状态变量严格有界.应用船舶非线性水动力模型进行航向控制仿真.结果表明,控制器对系统参数摄动及外界干扰不敏感,具有强鲁棒性.