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111.
This paper is the first to introduce critical systems thinking into the present study of knowledge and its management. Our preliminary study showed two things about critical systems thinking. First, it provides comprehensive and creative insight into tackling the increasing complexity of human knowledge and knowledge management processes through the organic connection and division of knowledge systems. Second, it encourages the critical use of available methodologies in a coherent way to cope with corresponding subsystems or processes, which breaks down the complexity into convenient units. Based on critical systems thinking, we divided knowledge into two aspects: static substance knowledge and dynamic process knowledge. This division not only provides a concise theoretical framework but also allows knowledge managers and workers to clearly understand the gravity of their work and to selectively utilize well‐established methodologies in the practice of knowledge‐related activities. This paper serves as an introduction to an application of critical system thinking and total systems intervention in diversified human knowledge topics. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
112.
赵国宏 《科技导报(北京)》2019,37(13):6-13
分析了作战管理的概念内涵、主要特征及其与相关概念的相互关系,提出了作战管理系统发展历程的一种划分方法,介绍了典型的作战管理系统。通过阐述作战管理系统的发展动因和需求、设计相关体系结构,梳理了力量管理、资源管理、行动管理、战场管理、知识管理、能量管理、运维管理等概念、原理、方法和手段,论述了发展作战管理系统的主要关键技术。 相似文献
113.
K. Unnikrishnan Nair 《Systems Research and Behavioral Science》2001,18(6):505-521
A brief survey of organizational learning literature shows that understanding of how organizations learn has proceeded along two streams: one based on progress function or learning/experience curve effect, and the other as a process facilitating organizational adaptation and growth, and development and sustenance of competitiveness. This latter stream presents three phases of evolution: initially it considered learning as adaptation through search and problem solving, followed by attempts at conceptualization of learning as an organization‐wide, holistic phenomenon, and finally focusing on development of systems, processes, training tools, capabilities, etc., for building learning organizations. Learning is now understood as the development of organizational generative capabilities with a wide response range. The article identifies that the understanding of organizational learning from learning as adaptation to information processing and knowledge creation systems capable of generating a wide range of response patterns exhibits an underlying link of increasing complexity. This in turn holds an interesting correspondence to Boulding's hierarchy of systems. The article discusses the implications of this correspondence for research and practice. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
114.
Joseph Germana 《Systems Research and Behavioral Science》2001,18(6):565-567
Simple arithmetic and diagrammatic representations of ‘emergent properties’—a most fundamental postulate of classical systems theory—are offered for their didactic value. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
115.
Dante P. Martinelli 《Systems Research and Behavioral Science》2001,18(1):69-81
In this paper, 18 systems taxonomies/hierarchies are presented and commented upon, from Boulding's ‘system of systems’ (1956) to Glasl and Lievegoed's ‘seven essential elements of any organization’ (1993). A 19th is proposed, which aims at displaying a number of clear‐cut levels sufficient to correspond to the succeeding levels of an enterprise problematique, each new type of interactions defining a new level. The 19 schemes are classified into two groups, ‘General’ and ‘Managerial’, mainly according to their immediate applicability to management. Each group was split into two subgroups, respectively stressing complexity, system–milieu interactions, decision levels and, finally, intrasystem and system environment interactions. A comparative analysis of the whole set is summarized, converging towards three hierarchies seen as more adequate: Beer's, Jantsch's and the one proposed in this paper. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
116.
Safety of patients in anesthesia has always been one of the major concerns of the anesthetist. It is clear from studies of safety in general that many accidents and critical incidents occur as the result of latent systemic failures to which a great number of factors contribute (Reason, 1990). An ideal way to approach this problem would be within a systemic framework, such as teleonics, developed by Járos and his co-workers (Cloete, 1999; Járos and Cloete, 1987, 1993). In this framework the events and procedures in anesthesia are considered to be part of a very complex network of process systems (teleons). It is postulated that teleonic uncertainty (telentropy) in this complex network is a factor that might lead to accidents. In a previous paper presented to the World Congress at Toronto in 2000, the principles of teleonics were described in a mathematico symbolic way (Horváth et al., 2000). This paper contains selected examples of application of these principles to the identification of possible systemic causes of accidents in anesthesia. 相似文献
117.
In this paper I explore the possibility of a complementary relationship between action research and the management and systems sciences. A range of purposes that action researchers and management and systems scientists pursue is initially set out. The paper then explores whether this diversity of purposes and the ways they recommend people to proceed may come together in a new whole that is greater than the sum of its parts. A potentially useful realization of this for practice is a reflexive process of critique, choice, and action, which is elaborated on. The paper then investigates what view of holism arises from the preceeding discussions. 相似文献
118.
对于子系统的性能指标按一定顺序耦合的稳态大系统,本文采用两级递阶优化控制算法。利用上下级之间的纵向信息交换对子系统之间的关联进行解耦,利用子系统之间的横向信息传递对目标函数进行解耦,这种方法是对关联平衡法的改进,从而,解决了一类不可分的稳态优化问题,仿真效果好。 相似文献
119.
Ziqi Liao 《Systems Research and Behavioral Science》1998,15(1):33-45
A systematic integration model is designed by synthesizing the systems approach and the Analytic Hierarchy Process. It aims to deal with complex decision-making which involves multiple interconnected subsequent decision-making tasks in a dynamic environment. The model facilitates the complex decision-making by structuring a number of subsequent decision tasks into an integrated decision-making process (IDMP). Identification of appropriate criteria is shown to depend on an individual task environment. Alternatives related to any subsequent decision-making task are evaluated with respect to both a set of criteria determined by the assessment of a particular task environment and a decision choice from its prior decision-making task. Therefore, decisions throughout the IDMP are consistent with not only different task environments but also the overall objective of the complex decision-making. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
120.
Gianfranco Minati Maria Pietronilla Penna Eliano Pessa 《Systems Research and Behavioral Science》1998,15(2):131-145
In this paper we propose a theory of logically open systems. These latter coincide with systems in metastable equilibrium with the environment, in which the system-environment interaction cannot be described, as a principle, without taking into account the inner state of the systems themselves. We introduce a particular hierarchy of these systems and we prove some results relative to the limitations encountered when dealing with them. We derive an undescribability principle which applies to logically open systems at the top of this hierarchy. Besides, we suggest a strategy for coping with these limitations and we sketch some possible applications of our theory to concrete cases. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献