Probabilistic transitions for P systems

In this paper we use the abstract syntax and the structural operational semantics of the P systems given in ［1］, and add probabilities to the rules and to the communication targets. We take into account the number of possible combinations of rules which can be applied in a computation step, as well as the consumption degree of the current resources.     

中小学体育教师反思性学习模式及影响因素

在简述中小学体育教师反思性学习内涵的基础上,结合对优秀教师的访谈结果,总结出了“4阶段”反思性学习模式,并就此模式中存在的影响因素从环境和教师自身两个方面进行了分析,进而提出了提高中小学体育教师反思性学习效果的3条对策建议.     

高校体育课开展拓展训练的现状与对策研究

体育课与拓展训练有机地结合是未来体育教学改革的方向和趋势。文章通过对高校体育课开展拓展训练研究的现状分析,得出现阶段对高校体育课开展拓展训练研究存在的不足,并提出了相关的对策。     

P systems based multi-objective optimization algorithm

Based on P systems, this paper proposes a new multi-objective optimization algorithm (PMOA). Similar to P systems, PMOA has a cell-like structure. The structure is dynamic and its membranes merge and divide at different stages. The key rule of a membrane is the communication rule which is derived from P systems. Mutation rules are important for the algorithm, which has different ranges of mutation in different membranes. The cooperation of the two rules contributes to the diversity of the population, the conquest of the muhimodality of objective function and the convergence of algorithm. Moreover, the unique structure divides the whole population into several sub populations, which decreases the computational complexity. Almost a dozen popular algorithms are compared using several test problems. Simulation results illustrate that the PMOA has the best performance. Its solutions are closer to the true Pareto-optimal front     

用N503和P507萃取处理焦化废水的比较研究

选用N50[3N,N二-(1-甲基庚基)乙酰胺]和P50[7O-(2-乙基已基)-2-乙基已基磷酸酯]两种萃取剂对焦化废水进行萃取处理,在控制油水比、萃取温度及萃取时间等因素一致的条件下,研究不同萃取剂及不同pH值对萃取效果的影响。     

基于P2P流媒体技术的网络视频教学系统研究

概括介绍了P2P流媒体技术,介绍了如何构建基于P2P流媒体技术的网络视频教学系统,例如系统结构、应用层组播树模型的选择、激励机制的选择等.最后讨论了系统值得改进的工作.     

Does the FRN in brain potentials reflect motivational/affective consequence of outcome evaluation?

Electrophysiological studies have utilized event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to investigate neural processes related to the evaluation of the outcome of behavioral performance or to the evaluation of external feedback. The feedback-related negativity (FRN) in brain potentials has been shown to be sensitive to information indicating monetary loss or negative feedback. Since monetary loss usually indicates both the consequence of previous performance and the reward value of stimuli, it is controversial whether the FRN reflects the cognitive process of error detection per se and/or the motivational/affective process related to the subjective evaluation of the error. This study manipulated the motivational/affective significance of negative feedback by penalizing errors in a context-dependent way in a line judgment task. Participants could lose more money in the loss incentive condition or win less money in the win incentive condition if their subsequent judgment of line segments was less accurate, whereas they could receive performance feedback but without monetary incentive in the neutral condition. Results showed that the size of the FRN effect as well as the size of the P300 effect, as assessed by comparing brain responses to the error trials with the responses to the correct trials, increased linearly over the loss, neutral, and win conditions, suggesting that the FRN is sensitive to the motivational/affective evaluation of the performance outcome.     

运动对事件相关电位(P300)的影响

P300作为事件相关电位中最稳定的成分,在认知研究过程中得到广泛应用,被视为观察心里的"窗口",多数研究发现适量的体育运动可使P300的峰值增大,潜伏期减少。     

Preparation of New Chiral Ferroceny Phosphine Ligands and Their Application to Organic Synthesis

1 Results The unique structure of chiral ferrocenes allows one to design a variety of chiral phosphine ligands,which are useful tools for metal catalyzed asymmetric reactions.Although some useful chiral ferrocenyl phosphine ligands have already been reported,it is still an challenging subject tocreate new ferrocenyl phosphine ligands in order to cover asymmetric reactions in which conventional ligands do not effectively work[1].We happned to discover that 1,5-dilithiation of o-TMS blocked ferrocene 1 pr...     

临界温度双低两用核不育水稻96-5-2S的开发应用

利用天然低温地下水串灌繁殖临界温度双低两用核不育水稻96－5－2S，当水温为18．2－19．0℃时，结实率可达41．85％，随着冷灌水温升高，结实率下降，当水温为20．7－22．0℃时，结实率为4．25％，当水温升到23．0℃时，则结实率为零。96－5－2S与E32、马七的配组制种，其播始历期比培矮64S长3d，制种产量分别比培矮64S配组的高195kg/hm^2和225kg/hm^2。