新英语课程观下高师院校英语教学法课程探讨——以云南几所高校为例

通过分析基础教育新英语课程改革和实施过程中,高师院校英语教育专业中学英语教学法课程设置、教材、学生试讲及教学法的师资现状,从课程设置和教师的知识结构两方面阐述了高师院校英语教育专业应围绕英语教育的培养目标优化好课程设置,英语教学法教师应注意加强和充实自己的知识结构,促进自身发展。     

The epistemology of hedged laws

Standard objections to the notion of a hedged, or ceteris paribus, law of nature usually boil down to the claim that such laws would be either (1) irredeemably vague, (2) untestable, (3) vacuous, (4) false, or a combination thereof. Using epidemiological studies in nutrition science as an example, I show that this is not true of the hedged law-like generalizations derived from data models used to interpret large and varied sets of empirical observations. Although it may be ‘in principle impossible’ to construct models that explicitly identify all potential causal interferers with the relevant generalization, the view that our failure to do so is fatal to the very notion of a cp-law is plausible only if one illicitly infers metaphysical impossibility from epistemic impossibility. I close with the suggestion that a model-theoretic approach to cp-laws poses a problem for recent attempts to formulate a Mill–Ramsey–Lewis theory of cp-laws.     

论系统工程方法（论）由“硬”变“软”的内在根由

本文通过对系统工程领域具有代表性的三种方法（论）演变过程的梳理,总结出他们共同的变化特点：研究对象（应用范围）越来越复杂化,相应的所采用的系统工程方法（论）也越趋“软化”,即：改变了原来只一味追求用数学方法进行定量分析的理路,转而,注重定性的研究或定性与定量相结合的研究理路;最后,文章从哲学的层面探讨该变化的内在根由。     

Underdetermination and decomposition in Kepler's Astronomia Nova

This paper examines the underdetermination between the Ptolemaic, Copernican, and the Tychonic theories of planetary motions and its attempted resolution by Kepler. I argue that past philosophical analyses of the problem of the planetary motions have not adequately grasped a method through which the underdetermination might have been resolved. This method involves a procedure of what I characterize as decomposition and identification. I show that this procedure is used by Kepler in the first half of the Astronomia Nova, where he ultimately claims to have refuted the Ptolemaic theory, thus partially overcoming the underdetermination. Finally, I compare this method with other views of scientific inference such as bootstrapping.     

Kepler: Analogies in the search for the law of refraction

This paper examines the methodology used by Kepler to discover a quantitative law of refraction. The aim is to argue that this methodology follows a heuristic method based on the following two Pythagorean principles: (1) sameness is made known by sameness, and (2) harmony arises from establishing a limit to what is unlimited. We will analyse some of the author's proposed analogies to find the aforementioned law and argue that the investigation's heuristic pursues such principles.     

Toward a Buddhist Systems Methodology 3: An Application in a Taiwanese Non-Governmental Organization

This paper describes the application of a Buddhist systems methodology (BSM) to tackle a significant conflict (and underlying issues) threatening the future of a large non-governmental Buddhist membership organization in Taiwan. An evaluation of the BSM, undertaken six months after the intervention, demonstrated positive impacts, including a major reduction in conflict; improved communications across the organization (especially from the bottom-up); a successful restructuring to address some of the underlying issues; a significant upturn in the recruitment and retention of members; and a consequential turn-around of the organization's financial position. In addition, several senior managers took on the BSM for their personal use, trained others, and cascaded the methodology down the organization. This resulted in the official adoption of the BSM as the ‘main decision-making system’ for part of the organization, and the start of wider dissemination. Based on these results, the authors argue that the BSM may have more general utility for problem solving and problem prevention in Taiwanese (and possibly other) Buddhist organizations.

基于GO法的激光点火系统可靠性建模与分析

为了提高和评价激光火工系统可靠性,本文采用GO法建立了激光点火系统可靠性模型,并进行可靠性定性分析和定量计算.首先,通过元器件应力法预计激光点火系统各个组成模块的可靠性参数,然后通过GO法定性分析得到该激光点火系统的最小割集,并采用GO法定量分析计算系统非工作状态贮存5 y、工作状态工作时间1 h任务剖面下系统作用可靠度.通过与故障树定性分析结果、蒙特卡洛仿真分析结果对比,验证了采用GO法对激光点火系统进行可靠性分析的正确性与合理性.     

JSD与面向对象的信息系统开发

本文论述如何借用JSD的模拟技术来构造面向对象的信息系统分析模式。     

基于极差VaR的股票组合质押率评估方法

将VaR方法应用于股票质押率的估计中，讨论股票组合的质押率与风险的关系。并将这种方法用于计算我国上海股票市场的股票组合7天贷款的质押率。实证研究表明，这种基于VaR的股票质押率评估方法具有动态评估、较高的质押率和较低风险的优点。     

地理学本体论、认识论与方法论

本文以简述地理学的研究历史和现状作为引入，总结出地理学研究的软肋在于，缺乏从哲学层面上对地理学本体论、认识论和方法论进行深入思考。之后再界定地理学本体论、认识论和方法论的概念，在此基础上总结历史乃至当今时代所出现的主要哲学思潮、存在的哲学新动向，并提取其中能为地理学所采用的认识论、方法论。最后本章认为，复杂性理论将成为地理学研究新的、强有力的理论工具。