转基因鱼基因转移的基本方法及其研究进展

本文综述转基因鱼研究的进展，并介绍基因转移的基本方法和转基因鱼在鱼类育种方面的应用。同时，对转基因鱼研究中尚存在的问题及今后工作的方向作了说明。     

染色体分带技术及其在植物物种生物学中的应用

染色体分带技术用于植物物种生物学的研究在我国尚属开创阶段、本文在简要介绍植物染色体荧光分带，Ｇｉｅｍｓａ分带及银染色技术的基础上，重点综述了上述技术在植物多倍体起源、种下变异和物种分化以及物种地理分布等方面研究中的应用现状。     

基于SDG的传感器分布优化设计

故障诊断方法的效率主要取决于监视过程变量传感器的配置.针对现有双向图的设计方法配置过程繁琐、容易出错等问题,提出了一种改进的基于带符号的定向图(SDG)故障诊断的计算机程序算法来设计传感器的网络分布.通过五罐系统得出结论证明,这种改进的计算机程序算法具有效率高、信息利用量大、准确率高和简单易用的特点,为将基于SDG的故障诊断方法应用于实际控制过程提供了一条新的途径.     

参麦注射液对糖尿病合并心力衰竭患者的疗效及心率变异率的影响

目的观察参麦注射液辅助治疗糖尿病合并心力衰竭的疗效,并观察其对患者心率变异率的影响。方法选取糖尿病心衰患者101例,随机分成2组。对照组50例予常规降糖、强心、利尿、扩血管治疗；治疗组51例在对照组治疗基础上加参麦注射液40～60ml于5%葡萄糖250ml中静滴,1次/d,14d为1疗程。观察两组总有效率及心率变异率的影响。结果两组总有效率分别为88.2%和68%,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P＜0.05),参麦治疗组心率变异率明显升高。结论参麦注射液辅助治疗糖尿病合并心衰疗效显著,能改善心率变异率,无明显不良反应。     

Seasonal variation of snow microbial community structure in the East Rongbuk glacier, Mt. Everest

Mt. Everest, the zenith of the world, plays an impor- tant role in the global climate change. During the lastdecade, some studies on glacier and snow have been undertaken in this region. The climate and environment changes in the past hundred years have b…     

Response of downstream sediment to water resource development in mainstream of the Lancang River

The impact of hydropower cascades of the Lancang River on downstream sedimentation has become one of the key problems in the research of the transboundary water resource development and its possible environmental effects. In this paper, the newest sediment data series spanning 17 years （1987-2003） at Yunjinghong hydrometric station and Chiang Saen hydrometric station, in northern Thailand, are analyzed to reveal these effects. Monthly mean sediment concentration data of the two stations are compared in-phase and yearly series are analyzed by the method of correlation and regression analysis and causality test. The analysis result shows that, though both of them are located at lower reaches of Manwan and Dachaoshan hydropower stations which are already constructed and in use, the sediment responses of the two stations are different under the regulation of the hydropower stations Annual series at Yunjinghong station are positively correlated but do not match well with those at Chiang Saen station. In addition, the results of Granger causality test on the time series also suggest that the series of maximum monthly mean sediment concentration of the Yunjinghong station each year may give cause for the ones of Chiang Saen station, while the series of minimum monthly mean sediment concentration each year and annual mean sediment concentration of Yunjinghong do not evidently give cause for the ones of the other station. Undoubtedly, this discovery will provide new evidences to assess the impacts of cascades construction in mainstream of the Lancang River on the variation of downstream sediment and its transboundary effects.     

Variability of surface circulation in the South China Sea from satellite altimeter data

11-year satellite altimeter sea surface height （SSH） anomaly data from January 1993 to December 2003 are used to present the dominant spatial patterns and temporal variations of the South China Sea （SCS） surface circulation through Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） analysis. The first three EOF modes show the obvious seasonal variations of SSH in the SCS. EOF mode one is generally characterized by a basin-wide circulation. Mode two describes the double-cell basin scale circulation structure. The two cells were located off west of the Luzon Island and southeast of Vietnam, respectively. EOF mode three presents the mesoscale eddy structure in the western SCS, which develops into a strong cyclonic eddy rapidly from July to September. EOF mode one and mode three are also embedded with interannual signals, indicating that the SCS surface circulation variation is influenced by El Nino events prominently. The strong El Nino of 1997/98 obviously changed the SCS circulation structure. This study also shows that there existed a series of mesoscale eddies in the western SCS, and their temporal variation indicates intra-seasonal and interannual signals.     

聚能效应在岩石定向断裂控制爆破中的研究

针对目前石材开采面临的问题，对采用聚能药包岩石定向断裂控制爆破技术时的裂缝(纹)起裂和扩展的机理进行了探讨，同时对该法的爆破参数进行了设计；实验室和现场试验验证结果表明，由聚能射流形成的切缝有明显的定向作用，使爆生气体的能量沿预定方向集中，裂纹的定向断裂控制效果良好，表明该法是一种比较理想的断裂控制爆破技术；研究成果对相关理论研究和现场应用均有一定的指导意义，该法将会成为岩石定向断裂控制爆破发展的一个方向。     

基于改进遗传算法的前向神经网络

针对遗传算法的主要算子———交叉算子 ,设计了新的交叉算子 ,使个体尽可能地分散在整个解空间 .在具体交叉操作中 ,产生随机个体参与交叉以更好地搜索新的解空间 .并提出了组合变异策略 ,假如对变异后个体隔代保护策略 ,构造了一个有效的改进遗传算法 .利用该改进遗传算法 ,构造了前向进化神经网络 .它综合了改进遗传算法优良的全局寻优性能和前向神经网络的非线性映射能力 .     

污染:改变了老鼠的DNA

科学家通过对老鼠进行的实验发现,源于工厂或公路上的烟尘可以让老鼠基因受到破坏并遗传给后代。尽管目前还不清楚因污染受到破坏的DNA是否有损健康,但随着科学家对与哮喘、心脏病及其他健