基于通信的列车控制系统数据安全影响分析

为在设计阶段验证交互数据在系统中的安全特性,基于有色Petri网与失效传播模型提出了一种对系统模型自动分析得到输入数据失效最小割集的安全影响分析方法。首先,建立系统的有色Petri网模型,通过对库所数值离散化处理得到用例,对变迁进行单元测试得出失效行为函数,获得具有失效行为变迁的失效传播有色Petri网;然后基于有色Petri网模型的状态空间,通过失效空间生成算法与变迁回溯法,实现由模型状态空间到失效状态空间,再到失效状态树的转换,并通过失效状态树的合并与计算,获得系统失效最小割集。最后通过实验,比较不同数据安全保障措施下系统的失效最小割集变化,验证了安全保障措施对系统安全的作用,实验结果证明了该分析方法的正确性与有效性。     

羟基羧酸钛（Ⅲ）的热分解动力学研究

研究了苹果酸羟基钛（Ⅲ）、酒石酸羟基钛（Ⅲ）和柠檬酸钛（Ⅲ）在空气、氮气下的热分解反应，从ＴＧ曲线求出热分解反应的表观动力学参数反应级数，活化能，频率因子     

氧钒(Ⅳ)-碳酸氢根水溶液配合反应的研究

本文应用溶解度法和电子光谱研究了氧钒(Ⅳ)-碳酸氢根水溶液体系的配合反应。在15±2℃,恒定离子强度Ⅰ=1.0的条件下,测得溶液中[VO~(2 )]<0.012M时,钒(Ⅳ)仅以单核配离子VO(CO_3)(OH)~-存在;当[VO~(2 )]在0.014～0.035M之间时,以5核配离子(VO)_5(CO_3)_5(OH)_5~(5-)和(VO)_5(CO_3)_5(OH)_6~(6-)的混合物存在;当[VO~(2 )]>0.035M时,则存在6核配离子(VO)_6(CO_3)_4(OH)_9~(5-)。同时测定了有关反应的平衡常数。     

Axial patterning in cephalochordates and the evolution of the organizer

The organizer of the vertebrate gastrula is an important signalling centre that induces and patterns dorsal axial structures. Although a topic of long-standing interest, the evolutionary origin of the organizer remains unclear. Here we show that the gastrula of the cephalochordate amphioxus expresses dorsal/ventral (D/V) patterning genes (for example, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), Nodal and their antagonists) in patterns reminiscent of those of their vertebrate orthlogues, and that amphioxus embryos, like those of vertebrates, are ventralized by exogenous BMP protein. In addition, Wnt-antagonists (for example, Dkks and sFRP2-like) are expressed anteriorly, whereas Wnt genes themselves are expressed posteriorly, consistent with a role for Wnt signalling in anterior/posterior (A/P) patterning. These results suggest evolutionary conservation of the mechanisms for both D/V and A/P patterning of the early gastrula. In light of recent phylogenetic analyses placing cephalochordates basally in the chordate lineage, we propose that separate signalling centres for patterning the D/V and A/P axes may be an ancestral chordate character.     

Meta-analysis identifies nine new loci associated with rheumatoid arthritis in the Japanese population

Rheumatoid arthritis is a common autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation. We report a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in a Japanese population including 4,074 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (cases) and 16,891 controls, followed by a replication in 5,277 rheumatoid arthritis cases and 21,684 controls. Our study identified nine loci newly associated with rheumatoid arthritis at a threshold of P < 5.0 × 10(-8), including B3GNT2, ANXA3, CSF2, CD83, NFKBIE, ARID5B, PDE2A-ARAP1, PLD4 and PTPN2. ANXA3 was also associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (P = 0.0040), and B3GNT2 and ARID5B were associated with Graves' disease (P = 3.5 × 10(-4) and 2.9 × 10(-4), respectively). We conducted a multi-ancestry comparative analysis with a previous meta-analysis in individuals of European descent (5,539 rheumatoid arthritis cases and 20,169 controls). This provided evidence of shared genetic risks of rheumatoid arthritis between the populations.     

Establishment of left–right asymmetry in vertebrate development: the node in mouse embryos

Establishment of vertebrate left–right asymmetry is a critical process for normal embryonic development. After the discovery of genes expressed asymmetrically along the left–right axis in chick embryos in the mid 1990s, the molecular mechanisms responsible for left–right patterning in vertebrate embryos have been studied extensively. In this review article, we discuss the mechanisms by which the initial symmetry along the left–right axis is broken in the mouse embryo. We focus on the role of primary cilia and molecular mechanisms of ciliogenesis at the node when symmetry is broken and left–right asymmetry is established. The node is considered a signaling center for early mouse embryonic development, and the results we review here have led to a better understanding of how the node functions and establishes left–right asymmetry.     

纳米SnO2和分子筛封装纳米SnO2簇的制备

采用改良的液相法制备出纳米ＳｎＯ２超微粒，以及在分子筛的笼穴之中合成出纳米ＳｎＯ２簇．利用ＸＲＤ，ＴＥＭ和Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱（穆谱）对２种纳米粒子的微观结构状态进行了表征．ＸＲＤ和ＴＥＭ测得液相法制备的ＳｎＯ２超微粒晶粒度为１０ｎｍ左右．穆谱研究表明２种纳米ＳｎＯ２微晶的穆谱均由体相原子和界面相原子２套子谱所组成．穆谱研究还证实了分子筛封装纳米ＳｎＯ２簇微粒的分布均匀程度明显高于液相法制得的纳米ＳｎＯ２．