电势降落对DNA分子器件电荷输运的影响

基于晶格格林函数和Landauer-Büttiker公式,研究了脱氧核糖核酸分子器件在不同电势降落下的电荷输运性质。界面处的电势降落可以导致负微分电导现象的出现,而且随着电势降落在脱氧核糖核酸分子上的比例的提高,这个效应更加明显。电势降落导致的分子轨道的局域化是产生负微分电导现象的关键因素。     

The novel Cer-like protein Caronte mediates the establishment of embryonic left-right asymmetry.

In the chick embryo, left-right asymmetric patterns of gene expression in the lateral plate mesoderm are initiated by signals located in and around Hensen's node. Here we show that Caronte (Car), a secreted protein encoded by a member of the Cerberus/Dan gene family, mediates the Sonic hedgehog (Shh)-dependent induction of left-specific genes in the lateral plate mesoderm. Car is induced by Shh and repressed by fibroblast growth factor-8 (FGF-8). Car activates the expression of Nodal by antagonizing a repressive activity of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs). Our results define a complex network of antagonistic molecular interactions between Activin, FGF-8, Lefty-1, Nodal, BMPs and Car that cooperate to control left-right asymmetry in the chick embryo.     

Effects of nitric oxide on the contraction of skeletal muscle

A review of the literature suggests that the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on skeletal muscles fibers can be classified in two groups. In the first, the effects of NO are direct, due to nitrosation or metal nitrosylation of target proteins: depression of isometric force, shortening velocity of loaded or unloaded contractions, glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. The effect on calcium release channels varies, being inhibitory at low and stimulatory at high NO concentrations. The general consequence of the direct effects of NO is to ‘brake’ the contraction and its associated metabolism. In the second group, the effects of NO are mediated by cGMP: increase of the shortening velocity of loaded or unloaded contractions, maximal mechanical power, initial rate of force development, frequency of tetanic fusion, glucose uptake, glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration; decreases of half relaxation time of tetanus and twitch, twitch time-to-peak, force maintained during unfused tetanus and of stimulus-associated calcium release. There is negligible effect on maximal force of isometric twitch and tetanus. The general consequence of cGMP-mediated effects of NO is to improve mechanical and metabolic muscle power, similar to a transformation of slow-twitch to fast-twitch muscle, an effect that we may summarize as a ‘slow-to-fast’ shift.     

经济可持续发展与平顶山市科技发展战略

本文论述了经济可持续发展与科技发展的关系，认为平顶山市科技发展战略的模式包括优势技术战略和适用技术战略两个部分。     

对大学生学习武术动机的研究

本文主要分析了大学生在武术课教学过程中学习动机的类型和学习动机对学习成绩及身体素质的影响．研究表明，具有问接远景性学习动机的学生比具有直接近景性学习动机的学生的学习成绩和身体素质有明显的提高．所以，学习动机对学生学习成绩和身体素质的提高起着重要的作用．     

氟离子选择电极法测啤酒中的氟

本文采用氟离子电极法测定啤酒中的氟 ,测量溶液的酸度为PH5— 6,用总离子强度调节缓冲液 ,消除干扰离子及酸度的影响 ,方法回收率 96.1 2 %～ 99.2 4 % ,线性范围为 1 0 - 1 mol/L～ 5× 1 0 - 7mol/L ,最低检出浓度 0 .0 1 μg/ml,本法操作简单、快速 ,适合作常规测定 .     

《河南植物志》虎耳草科补遗

报道了《河南植物志》中未记录的虎耳草科植物9种5变种(均采有标本)。     

Determination of surface topography of biological specimens at high resolution by scanning tunnelling microscopy

Although techniques are available for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of biological specimens, for example scanning electron microscopy, they all have some serious drawback, such as low resolution, the requirement for crystals or for the sample to be analysed in a high vacuum. In an attempt to develop a technique for high-resolution three-dimensional structure analysis of non-crystalline biological material, we have tested the applicability of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), a method that has been used successfully in the analysis of metal and semiconductor surface structures. We report here that scanning tunnelling electron microscopy can be used to determine the surface topography of biological specimens at atmospheric pressure and room temperature, giving a vertical resolution of the order of 1 A. Our results show that quantum mechanical tunnelling of electrons through biological material is possible provided that the specimen is deposited on a conducting surface.     

Unesco

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