Northern Bobwhite habitat selection in relation to brush management in the Rolling Plains of Texas

Many rangelands in the southwestern United States provide quality habitat for Northern Bobwhites ( Colinus virginianus ). These same habitats are frequently managed for livestock production and thus are subjected to various brush management practices that are meant to enhance forage production. Bobwhites rely on woody cover for food, thermal and loafing cover, and protection from avian predators. Implementing brush management practices that reflect bobwhite requirements is important for managing usable space and viable populations. We described the structural vegetative characteristics associated with bobwhite locations and random locations on native rangelands in the upper Rolling Plains of Texas that are dominated by honey mesquite ( Prosopis glandulosa ) and managed with aerial herbicide and prescribed fire. We also used binary logistic regression to model habitat selection; the initial model was built using 67% of the data ( n = 179 used-random paired points) and then validated using the remaining 33% of the data ( n = 88 used-random paired points). Locations used by bobwhites had significantly larger mean values of percent brush canopy cover, visual obstruction, and angle of obstruction than did random locations; random locations had a greater mean value of percent bare ground than locations used by bobwhites. The resulting logistic regression model contained only the angle of obstruction; the model had an 80% probability of correctly classifying used and random locations based on the area under the receiver operating curve (ROC). The model maintained a high classification probability when applied to the smaller validation data set, with an area under the ROC of 0.78.     

Distributional information on birds from egg sets collected by Henry Rogers Durkee in 1870 in southwestern Wyoming

Henry Rogers Durkee collected 74 egg sets of 27 avian species in 1870 at Gilmer, Uinta County, in southwestern Wyoming. Despite the paucity of documented breeding evidence from this region during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, his material at the Smithsonian Institution was generally overlooked and has never been critically examined. Durkee's egg sets included 5 species (Sandhill Crane, Grus candensis ; Northern Rough-winged Swallow, Stelgidoteryx serripennis ; Grasshopper Sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum ; Fox Sparrow, Passerella iliaca ; Cassin's Finch, Carpodacus cassinii ) whose breeding distribution was then poorly known, 25 to more than 70 years before nests and eggs were otherwise documented in Wyoming. Durkee also collected complete egg sets of Lark Bunting ( Calamospiza melanocorys ) over 70 years before breeding was confirmed at other peripheral locations in Wyoming. In addition, Durkee's incomplete egg sets of Grasshopper Sparrow were the 1st western subspecies ( A. s. perpallidus ); his complete egg set and nest of the Fox Sparrow collected at Gilmer constituted the 2nd locality for the species or species group ( P. i. schistacea ). Although the number of egg sets Durkee collected is modest, he made a meaningful contribution to the early history of avifaunal exploration in Wyoming.     

非均匀软组织声散射的理论模型

根据非均匀软组织的结构特点,在声散射基本理论的基础上,利用非均匀介质中的波动方程以及Ｇａｕｓｓ定理和ＨｅｌｍｈｏｌｔｚＨｕｙｇｅｎｓ积分方程,推导出了软组织声散射的理论模型．     

The genome sequence of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea

Magnaporthe grisea is the most destructive pathogen of rice worldwide and the principal model organism for elucidating the molecular basis of fungal disease of plants. Here, we report the draft sequence of the M. grisea genome. Analysis of the gene set provides an insight into the adaptations required by a fungus to cause disease. The genome encodes a large and diverse set of secreted proteins, including those defined by unusual carbohydrate-binding domains. This fungus also possesses an expanded family of G-protein-coupled receptors, several new virulence-associated genes and large suites of enzymes involved in secondary metabolism. Consistent with a role in fungal pathogenesis, the expression of several of these genes is upregulated during the early stages of infection-related development. The M. grisea genome has been subject to invasion and proliferation of active transposable elements, reflecting the clonal nature of this fungus imposed by widespread rice cultivation.     

香蕉等七种植物材料中酪氨酸酶活性及其同工酶谱的比较研究

本文用Ｌ－多巴和邻苯二酚二种酶活力测定体系分别测定了香蕉、蘑菇，土豆、山芋、芋艿，蚕豆和苹果共七种植物材料中的酪氨酸酶活性，并用凝胶电泳活性染色法分析了上述七种植物材料中酪氨酸酶同工酶。结果表明，不问植物材料中酪氨酸酶活性有非常明显的差异；植物材料中存在酪氨酸酶同工酶，不同植物材料酪氨酸酶同工酶谱不相同。这提示了不同植物材料中酪氨酸酶活性及同工酶的差异可能与植物的组织结构和生理代谢有密切关系。