Early changes of cyclic nucleotide levels in a mitogenic reaction in the rat mesentery.

By measuring simultaneously cAMP and cGMP we found a biphasic time course with regard to cGMP and the cGMP/cAMP ratio very early in a mitogenic reaction in vivo. This is a new finding.     

Stimulation of sodium transport by antidiuretic hormone in bullfrog intestine.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increased the potential difference (PD) and shortcircuit current (SCC) across the small intestine of the bullfrog. This effect was independent of those produced by amiloride or high calcium but was masked by a theophylline-induced effect. Net active sodium (Na+) absorption accounted for the observed electrical changes.     

Somatostatin content and release of isolated pancreatic islets from obese-hyperglycemic mice.

The somatostatin content in pancreatic islets of obese-hyperglycemic mice was much lower than in the islets of normal mice. Also the release of somatostatin was decreased from the islets obtained from the obese-hyperglycemic mice. Tissue culture for 1 week changed neither the content of, nor the amount of somatostatin released from, the pancreatic islets.     

Distribution of repetitive DNA sequences in the polytene chromosomes of Rhynchosciara americana.

The distribution of fast, intermediate and slow renaturing fractions of Rhynchosciara americana DNA was examined in the polytene salivary gland chromosomes by in situ hybridization. Heterochromatic areas readily hybridized but hybrid formation in the euchromatin depended more on the repetitiveness of the RNA probe.     

Levamisole inhibits mineral mobilisation, lactate production and lysosomal enzyme release from cultured bones.

Levamisole added to cultured calvarial bones inhibited spontaneous bone resorption, as indicated by reduced release of calcium and inorganic phosphate to the medium. In addition, levamisole reduced lactate production and release of lysosomal enzymes.     

Uptake of exogenous protein by supraependymal cells of the feline area postrema.

Supraependymal cells occurring on the surface of the feline area postrema were examined for phagocytic ability. It was shown that they could ingest exogenous horseradish peroxidase that was experimentally introduced into the brain ventricular system. The cells thus bear functional as well as ultrastructural attributes of macrophages, similar to those found in the third ventricle and subarachnoid space.     

Diethylmesoxalate hydrate, a new irreversible inhibitor of cholinesterases.

Bovine erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and human plasma cholinesterase are irreversibly inhibited by diethylmesoxalate hydrate, the inhibition potency being comparable to that of certian insecticidal organophosphates and carbamates. Insect cholinesterases, however, appear to be much less affected by diethylmesoxalate hydrate. The compound was also found to inhibit the hydrolysis of paraoxon by rabbit plasma A-esterase, but in a reversible mode.     

Effect of solubilization of Salmonella minnesota Re glycolipid on its interferon-induced activity.

Electrodialysis of Salmonella minnesota Re glycolipid, or exposure to 0.2 M EDTA, pH 7.0, yields products capable of eliciting interferon production at concentrations 10-fold lower than that of the original glycolipid.     

Liver enlargement induced by oxythioquinox: effect of the fat content of the diet (author's transl)]

The relationship between the level of lipid calories in the diet and the effects of oxythioquinox, administered at 200 mg/kg fresh food, for 35 days, was studied on the liver enlargment of rat. The results show that the level lipid calories itself have no effect since, in the treated animals, the liver enlargement is due part to an increase of the water content and part to an increase of the size of the cells.     

The glutathione status of the rat liver.

For the determination of cellular total glutathione, a new method is presented based on a fluorometric procedure. The relation between reduced glutathione, mixed glutathione disulfides and disulfide glutathione will be designated the glutathione status.