Forced response of atmospheric oscillations during the last millennium simulated by a climate system model

Variations in global atmospheric oscillations during the last millennium are simulated using the climate system model FGOALS_gl. The model was driven by reconstructions of both natural forcing (solar variability and volcanic aerosol) and anthropogenic forcing (greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosol). The model results are compared against proxy reconstruction data. The reconstructed North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was out of phase with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in the last millennium. During the ...     

论思维的复杂系统模型暨新一代专家系统的设想

在复杂系统研究思想指导下,构建了基于神经元网络结构的复杂系统思维模型,提出以网络节点表示概念,以网络连接表示命题,以网络回路实现知识表达,以网络节点间的时空动力学激发实现演绎推理等思维活动的理论新框架,并以此为基础对新一代专家系统进行了设计。     

基于剩余寿命的劣化系统最优维修策略

考虑Gamma型劣化可替换系统的最优观测/替换策略问题,给出了基于剩余寿命的观测函数,得到期望单位时间维修费用最小化准则下的最优维修策略.相对于传统的非周期观测策略,该方法只需要一个比例风险系数参数来确定检测时间,从而降低了策略优化过程的复杂性.数值模拟表明在系统长期使用的单位时间维修费用上,基于平均剩余寿命的策略可以得到比一些基于状态的维修策略更优的结果.     

江汉平原北部明清时期的环境演变

通过对江汉平原北部蔡垱西剖面沉积物粒度、地球化学元素、孢粉等相关数据的综合分析,揭示了该地区约1250年以来环境演变历史。通过沉积物的野外观察、粒度数据分析及剖面所处地貌部位的综合分析认为,该剖面沉积物主要为汉江等周围水系洪水带来的泥沙泛滥至低洼平原区,并以近乎停滞的低缓流速沉积而成,所以沉积物以细粒的黏土质粉砂为主,...     

炼油厂废水库底泥中半挥发性有机污染物监测与评价

采用超声提取结合GC/MS测定了克拉玛依炼油厂污水库底质中的半挥发性有机物。选择16个多环芳烃作为加标物,测定超声提取法的回收率在65%94%。从底泥中检出62个色谱峰,能准确定性20个组分,主要包括9个多环芳烃、5个正构烷烃和3个酚类化合物。对缺少标准物的组分采用结构相似物进行定量,浓度范围在0.1259 ng/g。...     

元胞自动机模型的尺度敏感性分析

以深圳市龙华镇为案例区,构建了土地利用/覆被变化的元胞自动机模型,从时间和空间两个方面定量研究了LUCC模型的尺度效应。通过改变模型输入数据的空间分辨率和模型模拟的时间长度,探讨了尺度对土地利用变化模型的影响。分别采用龙华镇1990年30,60,90,120,150,180,210和240 m空间分辨率的土地利用数据作...     

瓦克曼的技术女性主义思想评析

朱迪·瓦克曼在批判并借鉴技术社会学和传统女性主义技术理论的基础上,提出了技术女性主义主张。这一思想的理论前提是对技术决定论和本质主义性别观的解构;实质在于强调技术与性别的相互形塑;目标是试图避免陷入技术恐惧与技术崇拜的困境,并消解性别身份差异性与政治立场统一性之间的冲突及其给女性主义政治实践带来的挑战。     

Genome sequence and analysis of the tuber crop potato

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the world's most important non-grain food crop and is central to global food security. It is clonally propagated, highly heterozygous, autotetraploid, and suffers acute inbreeding depression. Here we use a homozygous doubled-monoploid potato clone to sequence and assemble 86% of the 844-megabase genome. We predict 39,031 protein-coding genes and present evidence for at least two genome duplication events indicative of a palaeopolyploid origin. As the first genome sequence of an asterid, the potato genome reveals 2,642 genes specific to this large angiosperm clade. We also sequenced a heterozygous diploid clone and show that gene presence/absence variants and other potentially deleterious mutations occur frequently and are a likely cause of inbreeding depression. Gene family expansion, tissue-specific expression and recruitment of genes to new pathways contributed to the evolution of tuber development. The potato genome sequence provides a platform for genetic improvement of this vital crop.     

Genetic variants in novel pathways influence blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk

Blood pressure is a heritable trait influenced by several biological pathways and responsive to environmental stimuli. Over one billion people worldwide have hypertension (≥140?mm?Hg systolic blood pressure or ≥90?mm?Hg diastolic blood pressure). Even small increments in blood pressure are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. This genome-wide association study of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which used a multi-stage design in 200,000 individuals of European descent, identified sixteen novel loci: six of these loci contain genes previously known or suspected to regulate blood pressure (GUCY1A3-GUCY1B3, NPR3-C5orf23, ADM, FURIN-FES, GOSR2, GNAS-EDN3); the other ten provide new clues to blood pressure physiology. A genetic risk score based on 29 genome-wide significant variants was associated with hypertension, left ventricular wall thickness, stroke and coronary artery disease, but not kidney disease or kidney function. We also observed associations with blood pressure in East Asian, South Asian and African ancestry individuals. Our findings provide new insights into the genetics and biology of blood pressure, and suggest potential novel therapeutic pathways for cardiovascular disease prevention.