QuEChERS结合UPLC-MS/MS测定菠菜中5种氨基甲酸酯类农药残留

建立了基于QuEChERS技术的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS),对菠菜中的5种氨基甲酸酯类农药残留量进行测定。样品均质后,以乙腈-水(体积比50∶50)提取后,盐析离心,乙腈层用N-丙基乙二胺净化后供UPLC-MS/MS测定。采用电喷雾离子源ESI正离子模式电离,质谱多反应监测模式对目标母离子和子离子进行扫描测定。5种氨基甲酸酯类农药在0.1~20.0μg/L的基质曲线范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数r大于0.9991,3个水平的平均加标回收率为91.0%~101.0%,方法检出限和定量限分别为0.10~0.20μg/kg和0.25~0.50μg/kg,相对标准偏差为2.15%~5.57%。该方法具有操作简便、快速高效、回收率高、灵敏度高、重复性好等优点,可用于测定菠菜中的5种氨基甲酸酯类农药残留量。     

高海拔隧道施工氧含量变化及供氧方法

论文针对高海拔隧道低压缺氧威胁施工安全的问题,基于氧气质量守恒和等效气管氧分压两种方法分析了高海拔隧道施工供氧标准,并在海拔4232m的雀儿山隧道开展洞口与掌子面温度、气压和氧含量长期监测。结果表明：实测洞口氧气密度比理论分析低4.93%,而实测气管氧分压比理论分析低0.6%,等效气管氧分压方法更适用于高海拔缺氧程度预测。洞口与掌子面温度和大气压力呈夏季高、冬季低的季节性波动,隧道掘进1500m以后,在保证良好通风条件下,掌子面比洞口气管气氧分压平均低0.46kPa,随着推进距离继续增大,气管氧分压降低不明显。现场测试发现弥散式供氧方法能够有效增加施工区域的氧气含量,但供氧需求量大,施工建议采取弥散式供氧、个人携氧与移动式吸氧车供氧相结合的方式,保障隧道施工人员的氧气需求。     

轻型钢木混合楼盖水平荷载转移性能

通过水平集中荷载作用下一层两跨的钢木混合结构拟静力试验,研究轻型钢木混合楼盖弹性状态下平面内刚度及其对水平荷载的分配.为了量化楼盖平面内刚度对水平荷载分配的影响,定义了楼盖水平荷载转移能力系数β,探讨了楼盖平面内刚度与竖向抗侧力构件抗侧刚度比值α与β的关系,并根据α及β数值大小定义刚性楼盖.试验结果表明,轻型钢木混合楼盖在仅铺设SPF(云杉-松木-冷杉)规格材面板且竖向抗侧力构件仅为钢框架时,α在0.5~1.0之间,β为64.0%左右,楼盖已能较好地分配水平荷载;铺设水泥砂浆面层后,α增至3.0以上,β增至90.0%左右,结构有很强的空间协同作用,楼盖为刚性楼盖;当竖向钢框架间加上轻型木剪力墙后,α下降至1.0~2.0之间,β下降至78.0%左右,楼盖不再为刚性.     

图像分辨率对草本植物根系形态学参数的影响

应用EPSON V7000图像扫描仪,选择不同的图像分辨率,获得了北美车前(Plantago virginica)、加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)、小飞蓬(Conyza canadensis)和春飞蓬(Erigeron philadelphicus)4种草本植物的根系图片,应用WinRhizo根系分析软件测定了不同分辨率下的每种植物的根总长、总面积、总体积这3个参数.结果表明:不同分辨率测定对根系形态参数均存在明显影响,分辨(X)和形态参数(Y)均符合:Y=A·e(B/X),拟合的相关系数均在0.92以上.分析表明:对于不同的植物,既能保证数据精度又能有较高工作效率的图像分辨率并不相同.例如北美车前和加拿大一枝黄花根系扫描时建议图像分辨率为200 dpi,而小飞蓬和春飞蓬的图像建议的分辨率为400 dpi.     

我国商业银行系统性风险预警思考——基于欧债危机视角

2009年底爆发了影响全球经济的欧洲主权债务危机,随着危机的不断发展与深化,欧洲银行系统性风险问题逐渐突显出来,并且其负外部性特征也逐渐开始对全球商业银行产生了负面影响.针对商业银行的系统性风险的复杂性、不确定性与外溢性问题,从欧债危机的角度出发,试图通过威廉·夏普提出的单指数模型测量我国上市商业银行的β系数,以此来观测自欧债危机爆发并不断发展深化后,我国上市商业银行系统性风险的变化情况,并给出相应的建议.     

结合生产工艺利用余热发电方案分析

提出在不改变原生产工艺的前提下,结合生产工艺过程设计利用余热发电方案,尽量提高发电参数,以提高发电效率和余热利用效率.针对某轧钢加热炉进行了3种利用余热发电方案的分析计算.结果表明:3种方案理论上均可行,其中有补燃的方案热利用效率最高.     

基于数据预处理的改进GS正交化波束形成

针对常规Gram-Schmidt（GS）正交化算法在训练快拍中混有期望信号时,自适应波束会出现期望信号相消的问题,提出了基于数据预处理的改进GS正交化波束形成算法. 该算法构造阻塞矩阵进行数据预处理剔除期望信号,估计对应的协方差矩阵,并对其进行GS正交化重构干扰子空间,将静态加权矢量向干扰子空间作正交投影得到自适应权矢量. 同时,为准确估计干扰子空间,对协方差矩阵的正交化自适应门限进行了修正. 仿真结果表明,所提算法的输出信干噪比（SINR）比其它GS正交化算法有2 dB以上的性能改善.      

一种基于类四叉树的位置K-匿名算法

通过对Casper模型在匿名度和位置服务精准度方面优化,提出了一种基于类四叉树的位置K-匿名算法. 该算法采用自底向上的机制,在扩大扫描区域时,对请求用户所在网格的周边网格进行优先扫描,然后再进行层级和空间分辨率上的提高. 实验结果表明,该算法能够更好地提高位置服务的质量和匿名区域的准确度.      

Mechanical properties of carbonfi ber/cellulose composite papers modified by hot-melting fibers

Carbon fiber(CF)/cellulose(CLS) composite papers were prepared by papermaking techniques and hot-melting fibers were used for modification. The mechanical properties of the obtained composite papers with different CF,CLS and hot-melting fiber ratios were studied and further discussed. It is observed that,for both CF/CLS composite papers and those modified by hot-melting fibers,the normal stress firstly increases and then declines with the addition of carbon fibers. The results also show that with the addition of hot-melting fibers,the modified papers exhibit enhanced mechanical performance compared to CF/CLS composite papers. Through SEM characterization,it is confirmed that the improvement of mechanical properties attributes to the reinforcement of adhesive binding at the fiber overlap nodes. Also,through four-probe method,the resistivity and the electrical performance of the modified and unmodified papers were characterized and the result shows that the hot-melting fiber modification brings no harm to the electrical properties.     

Joining of Si3N4 ceramic using PdCo(Ni SiB)–V system brazingfi ller alloy and interfacial reactions

The wettability of V-active PdCo-based alloys on Si3N4ceramic was studied with the sessile drop method. And the alloy of Pd50.0–Co33.7–Ni4.0–Si2.0–B0.7–V9.6(wt%),was developed for Si3N4ceramic joining in the present investigation. The rapidly-solidified brazing foils were fabricated by the alloy Pd50.0–Co33.7–Ni4.0–Si2.0–B0.7–V9.6. The average room-temperature three-point bend strength of the Si3N4/Si3N4joints brazed at 1453 K for 10 min was 205.6 MPa,and the newly developed braze gives joint strengths of 210.9 MPa,206.6 MPa and 80.2 MPa at high temperatures of 973 K,1073 K and 1173 K respectively. The interfacial reaction products in the Si3N4/Si3N4joint brazed at 1453 K for10 min were identified to be VN and Pd2Si by XRD analysis. Based on the XEDS analysis result,the residual brazing alloy existing at the central part of the joint was verified as Co-rich phases,in which the concentration of element Pd was high up to 18.0–19.1 at%. The mechanism of the interfacial reactions was discussed. Pd should be a good choice as useful alloying element in newer high-temperature braze candidates for the joining of Si-based ceramics.