Precipitation behaviors of X80 acicular ferrite pipeline steel

The precipitation behaviors of X80 acicular ferrite pipeline steel were investigated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that dendritic precipitates in the as-cast steel slabs precipitate mainly in grain boundaries, and these dendritic precipitates dissolve and re-precipitate to two kinds of carbonitrides: Ti- and Nb-rich (Ti, Nb)(C, N) carbonitrides during reheating. Four types of precipitates mainly exist in the hot rolled plate: Ti-rich carbonitrides resulted from the dendritic carbonitrides undissolved during the reheating process; Ti-rich carbonitrides re-precipitated along austenite grain boundaries during the reheating process; NbC carbides mainly heterogeneously nucleated on the small pre-existing Nb-rich carbonitrides in the hot rolling process; and NbC carbides precipitated on dislocations during hot rolling.     

烧结熔剂的活性度和显微结构研究

技术设计是技术研发的起点,其实质是人化自然的过程。关注技术设计过程中的伦理问题,是确保技术积极价值实现的关键。纳米制药技术设计的伦理问题主要表现为安全性设计、可持续性设计和社会发展性设计,其旨归是人文精神。纳米制药技术设计责任包括对人健康负责、对环境生态负责和对社会经济发展负责三重责任,其责任性质是利益相关者责任,即技术设计者责任、技术决策者责任、技术管理者责任和技术使用者责任。对纳米制药技术设计责任实施有效的责任控制需要建构协同的法律规范、伦理规约和管理制度。     

基于改进投影寻踪技术和模糊神经网络的未受精种蛋检测模型

考虑基于计算机视觉技术的未受精种蛋无损检测中特征参数之间关系的复杂性和模糊性等因素,提出了一种基于改进投影寻踪模型和模糊神经网络相结合,作为种蛋是否受精品质归属的决策系统.利用量子投影寻踪技术对种蛋图像的复杂形状特征向量进行提取降维,给出了计算最佳投影方向的一种改进量子遗传算法;并且利用模糊神经网络的自动学习决策推理规则,实现了种蛋是否受精品质归属的无损检测.结果表明:该模型速度快且稳定,精度高且鲁棒性好,简单易于实现,精度达到99.37％,满足实际检测要求.     

Electrochemical biosensors and logic devices based on aptamers

Aptamers are molecular recognition elements with high specificity that are selected from deoxyribonucleic acid/ribonucleic acid (DNA/RNA) library. Compared with the traditional protein recognition elements,aptamers have excellent properties such as cost-effective,stable,easy for synthesis and modification. In recent years,electrochemistry plays an important role in biosensor field because of its high sensitivity,high stability, fast response and easy miniaturization. Through the combination of these two technologies and our rational design,we constructed a series of biosensors and biochips that are simple,fast,cheap and miniaturized. Firstly,we designed an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) electrochemical biosensor based on the strand displacement strategy. We can detect as low as 10 nmol/L of ATP both in pure solution and complicated cell lysates. Secondly,we creatively split the aptamers into two fragments and constructed the sandwich assay platform only based on single aptamer sequence. We successfully transferred this design on biochips with multiple micro electrodes (6×6) and accomplished multiplex detection. In the fields of biochips and biocomputers,we designed several DNA logic gates with electric (electrochemical) signal as output which paves a new way for the development of DNA computer.     

Google Earth-based dynamic visualization system for storm surge flood routing

To describe the dynamic process of flood routing intuitively and realistically when storm surge disaster occurs, a method for ArcGIS data and Google Earth （GE） data integration is proposed, which realizes the impor- ting and integrating of basic geographic information into GE. Based on SketchUp and AutoCAD software, three- dimension （3D） visualization of seawall and other tidal defense structures is achieved. By employing Microsoft Foundation Class Library （MFC）, the related system modules and storm surge flood routing dynamic visualization system are developed. Therefore, dynamic visualization of flood routing process and interactive query of sub- merged area and inundated depth are implemented. A practical application case study of Tianjin Binhai New Area provides decision-making support for coastal seawall planning and storm surge disaster prevention and reduction.     

广西特有种肥牛树群落特征研究

通过植物社会学的群落调查和统计分析方法,研究了广西特有种肥牛树群落的科属组成、植物地理区系分布、生活型谱、叶级谱、群落结构等群落特征.结果表明:在样地中共有维管束植物36科55属61种;肥牛树群落的种子植物属的地理区系分布类型有8种,以热带区域的分布类型为主,具有强烈的热带性特征;群落中的植物以高位芽的生活型为主,尤其是中高位芽生活型种类最多;群落中植物的叶的特征是以革质、单叶、中型叶为主;群落分层明显,可划分为乔木层、灌木层、草本层,肥牛树在整个群落的乔木层中占绝对优势.肥牛树群落的基本特征体现了该地区群落的气候和水热条件相适应的特点.     

从B~α空间到Q_p空间的一个积分型算子

设φ是单位圆盘D上的解析自映射,g∈H(D).利用符号函数φ和映射g的函数论性质,给出从Bα空间到Qp空间的积分型算子Cnφ,g的有界性和紧性的特征.     

中草药天然染料敏化剂的光电性能

从野菊花、石榴皮、车前草和紫草四种常见的中草药中提取天然染料,并作为敏化荆将其应用于染料敏化太阳电池（DSC）,分别考察提取方法、天然染料浓度和中草药类型对器件光电性能的影响。在所考察的四种中草药天然染料中,短路电流和转换效率从高到低均依次为野菊花、石榴皮、车前草和紫草。煎煮法比乙醇浸提法更适合用于提取DSC敏化剂的野菊花天然染料,前者获得的野菊花天然染料的短路电流和转换效率分别达到后者的1．29倍和1．6倍。当采用野菊花天然染料作为敏化剂时,染料浓度1％是关键临界点,短路电流和转换效率在浓度小于1％时均急剧增加,在浓度为1％－10％之间时均缓慢增加,而转换效率在浓度到达20％时反而稍有下降。     

从动轮-悬架系统侧向自激振动影响因素分析

胎面侧向自激振动是轮胎多边形磨损现象产生的根源.对后悬架四自由度自激振动模型进行Simulink仿真,验证了轮胎侧向振动是一种硬自激振动.对系统自激振动状态影响较大的敏感参数主要有轮胎橡胶刚度及阻尼系数、垂向载荷、接地附着系数、接地块质量、轮胎前束角以及外倾角.对敏感参数的灵敏度计算确定了影响分岔车速的参数灵敏度排序.最后,给出了抑制轮胎侧向自激振动的主要有效措施:增大胎面—路面附着系数及减小轮胎前束角可以减小产生自激振动的车速范围或者将其从正常行驶车速范围移除,从而减少胎面磨损,延长轮胎使用寿命.     

基于五律协同的大西线调水五律解析

水资源是干旱地区社会经济发展的最大瓶颈.西北地区缺水形势日趋严峻,生态环境恶化,对社会经济发展产生严重的影响.在深入解析大西线调水自然、技术、经济、社会和环境要素的基础上,结合模糊网络分析法,构建5个一级指标以及与之相关的19个二级指标和43个参数指标所构成的层次框架模型,进行五律协同分析.结果表明,大西线调水具有很高的潜在五律协同度,一旦建成,它将成为我国水安全战略性基础工程、生态安全战略性基础工程、能源安全战略性基础工程和构建和谐社会的战略性基础工程.