全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7394篇 |
免费 | 641篇 |
国内免费 | 117篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 1133篇 |
丛书文集 | 67篇 |
教育与普及 | 37篇 |
理论与方法论 | 290篇 |
现状及发展 | 873篇 |
研究方法 | 8篇 |
综合类 | 5743篇 |
自然研究 | 1篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 20篇 |
2022年 | 42篇 |
2021年 | 36篇 |
2020年 | 27篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 737篇 |
2017年 | 747篇 |
2016年 | 444篇 |
2015年 | 83篇 |
2014年 | 77篇 |
2013年 | 63篇 |
2012年 | 315篇 |
2011年 | 1023篇 |
2010年 | 868篇 |
2009年 | 534篇 |
2008年 | 591篇 |
2007年 | 863篇 |
2006年 | 98篇 |
2005年 | 131篇 |
2004年 | 175篇 |
2003年 | 216篇 |
2002年 | 105篇 |
2001年 | 45篇 |
2000年 | 61篇 |
1999年 | 95篇 |
1998年 | 87篇 |
1997年 | 92篇 |
1996年 | 98篇 |
1995年 | 76篇 |
1994年 | 61篇 |
1993年 | 67篇 |
1992年 | 50篇 |
1991年 | 56篇 |
1990年 | 44篇 |
1989年 | 39篇 |
1988年 | 35篇 |
1987年 | 24篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有8152条查询结果,搜索用时 8 毫秒
21.
LIU JianCai XU JiaKai NING XinBao TIAN Run 《科学通报(英文版)》2007,52(17):2438-2442
The characterization of non-stationary signal requires joint time and frequency information. However, time and frequency are a pair of non-commuting variables that cannot constitute a joint probability density in the time-frequency plane. The time-frequency distributions have difficult interpretation problems arising from negative and complex values or spurious components. In this paper, we get time-frequency information from the marginal distributions in rotated directions in the time-frequency plane. The rigorous probability interpretation of the marginal distributions is without any ambiguities. This time-frequency transformation is similar to the computerized axial tomography (CT or CAT) and is applied to signal analysis and signal detection and reveals a lot of advantages especially in the signal detection of the low signal/noise (S/N). 相似文献
22.
S. K. MISHRA Shouyang WANG K. K. LAI 《系统科学与复杂性》2007,20(3):344-349
In this paper, we introduce a new class of generalized convex function, namely, a-pseudounivex function, by combining the concepts of pseudo-univex and α-invex functions. Further, we establish some relationships between vector variational-like inequality problems and vector optimization problems under the assumptions of α-pseudo-univex functions. Results obtained in this paper present a refinement and improvement of previously known results. 相似文献
23.
A theoretical model for mid-and low-latitude ionospheric electric fields in realistic geomagnetic fields 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The geomagnetic fields, which play important roles in the ionospheric dynamo, can greatly affect the global distribution of ionospheric electric fields, currents and other ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena. In the study of ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena, such as the longitudinal variations of ionospheric electric fields, the non-dipolar component of the geomagnetic fields must be taken into account. In this paper, we deduce a theoretical electric field model for ionospheric dynamo at mid- and low-latitude which adopt a modified magnetic apex coordinates system. In the new electric field model, the geomagnetic fields can be calculated from either the IGRF model or the dipole field model, and the neutral winds and conductivities are calculated based on empirical models. Then the dynamo equation for the electric potential is finally solved in terms of the line-by-line iteration method, and the ionospheric electric fields and currents are derived from the calculated potential. Our model can reproduce the main features of the ionospheric electrodynamics processes, so it will be a useful tool for the investigation of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. 相似文献
24.
邹贵平 《上海大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,2(3):344-347
通过引进状态变量及其对偶变量。建立Mindlin层合圆柱壳的Hamilton正则方程.在辛几何数学框架下,采用共轭辛正交归一关系给出各种复杂边界条件下的精确解. 相似文献
25.
A new dynamical evolutionary algorithm (DEA) based on the theory of statistical mechanics is presented. This algorithm is
very different from the traditional evolutionary algorithm and the two novel features are the unique of selecting strategy
and the determination of individuals that are selected to crossover and mutate. We use DEA to solve a lot of global optimization
problems that are nonlinear, multimodal and multidimensional and obtain satisfactory results.
Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60133010, NO. 60073043 and No. 700/1042)
Biography: Zou Xiu-fen(1996-), female, Ph. D candidate, Associate professor, research direction: evolutionary computing, parallel
computing. 相似文献
26.
Frank Waaldijk 《Foundations of Science》2005,10(3):249-324
We discuss the foundations of constructive mathematics, including recursive mathematics and intuitionism, in relation to classical
mathematics. There are connections with the foundations of physics, due to the way in which the different branches of mathematics
reflect reality. Many different axioms and their interrelationship are discussed. We show that there is a fundamental problem
in BISH (Bishop’s school of constructive mathematics) with regard to its current definition of ‘continuous function’. This problem
is closely related to the definition in BISH of ‘locally compact’. Possible approaches to this problem are discussed. Topology seems to be a key to understanding many
issues. We offer several new simplifying axioms, which can form bridges between the various branches of constructive mathematics
and classical mathematics (‘reuniting the antipodes’). We give a simplification of basic intuitionistic theory, especially
with regard to so-called ‘bar induction’. We then plead for a limited number of axiomatic systems, which differentiate between
the various branches of mathematics. Finally, in the appendix we offer BISH an elegant topological definition of ‘locally compact’, which unlike the current definition is equivalent to the usual classical
and/or intuitionistic definition in classical and intuitionistic mathematics, respectively. 相似文献
27.
邹竹波 《黔西南民族师范高等专科学校学报》2005,(4):92-94
2005年入春以来水白菜在万峰湖大规模生长,堵塞了万峰湖风景区上段水域,已严重影响了当地的水产养殖和观光旅游。研究水白菜的生活习性,防止它在万峰湖水域大规模生长和泛滥成灾,以变废为宝,促进物种的科学引进。 相似文献
28.
C. Baroni Urbani G. S. Boyan A. Blarer J. Billen T. M. Musthak Ali 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1994,50(1):63-71
The Indian antHarpegnathos saltator may be unique among insects in using its jumping capacity not only as an escape mechanism but also as a normal means of locomotion, and for catching its prey in flight. High-speed cinematography used to analyse the various phases of the jump suggests thatHarpegnathos employs a novel jumping mechanism to mediate these behaviours: namely the synchronous activation of its middle and hindlegs. Electrophysiological recordings from muscles or nerves in pairs of middle and hindlegs show remarkably synchronous activity during fictive jumping, supporting the synchronous activation hypothesis.Harpegnathos is not the only ant to jump, and a cladistic analysis suggests that jumping behaviour evolved independently three times during ant evolutionary history. 相似文献
29.
以HCG为抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与小鼠Sp2/0—Ag14骨髓瘤细胞融合,经反复筛选和再克隆化,获得8株能稳定分泌抗HCG特异单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。对其中6个高效价单抗进行了特异性和抗原决定簇检测,选出两个抗相距较远不同决定簇的单抗(2D_4,4F_4)作进一步特性分析。结果显示:免疫球蛋白亚类鉴定,2D_4为IgGl亚类,4F_4为IgG2a亚类;亲和力常数(K_(affi)),2D_4为5.41±0.94×10~(-10)mol/L,4F_4为1.37±0.33×10~(-9)mol/L。证实该两种单克隆抗体可用于研制有关临床诊断试剂盒。 相似文献
30.
白腐菌降解氯代农药的机理 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
确定了白腐菌在水中的静置培养条件,探讨了在该条件下白腐菌对水中微量氯代农药的生物降解情况及其降解机理.实验结果表明,白腐菌在含有ρ为0.02%的葡萄糖、0.03%的酒石酸铵和适量无机盐的培养液中,于35℃,经5~7d的静置培养可获得良好的菌丝,并对氯代农药有最大的降解效率(90%以上).对降解的部分中间产物的GC-MS分析表明,不同类氯代农药有不同的降解过程和机理 相似文献