体积压裂套管剪切变形载荷分析及强度设计

页岩气开发过程中井筒穿越天然裂缝/断层,体积压裂时天然裂缝/断层容易被激活,导致套管剪切变形,套管内径缩小,井下工具无法下入。目前对套管剪切变形条件下的受力分析较少,现有研究主要采用套管Mises应力屈服准则判断套管失效,该准则对于套管大剪切变形问题已不适用。为探究天然裂缝/断层滑移导致的套管剪切变形问题,建立套管-水泥环-地层组合体有限元模型,对位移载荷作用下的套管力学行为进行研究。分析了各因素对套管受力及缩径量的影响,并提出套管缩径量与应力相结合的套管外载设计方法。研究结果表明:套管剪应力及Mises应力随地层滑移量增大而增大,在10 mm滑移量作用下,套管Mises应力已超过屈服强度,建议采用剪切载荷进行强度校核;套管缩径量主要集中在距离滑移面1 m范围内,套管局部区域出现膨胀现象;考虑套管变形量的载荷设计可以有效防止体积压裂过程中套管变形导致压裂工具无法下入的问题。     

Vegetation and climate changes during the last 8660 cal. a BP in central Mongolia, based on a high-resolution pollen record from Lake Ugii Nuur

Based on modern pollen studies and reliable chronology of nine AMS 14C dates, a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes during the past 8660 cal. a BP was reconstructed by a high-resolution pollen record from Ugii Nuur in central Mongolia. Poaceae-steppe dominated the study area and the climate was mild and semi-humid before 7800 cal. a BP with a noticeable cool and humid interval at 8350―8250 cal. a BP. Xerophytic plant increased and the climate became warm and dry gradually since 7800 cal. a BP...     

有限域上二元线性码的一个构造

在有限域F8上定义码C,证明了码C是参数为[8,4,4]的八元线性码;由线性码C构造码G,确定了码G的码长,维数和最小距离,证明码G是参数[40,20,8]的二元线性码.     

铝合金激光熔覆

采用大功率激光在铸铝合金的表面熔覆镍基合金粉末,熔覆材料是Ｎｉ６０,Ａｌ包Ｎｉ和Ｎｉ包Ａｌ粉末,基体是ＺＬ１０８。通过研究选出最佳工艺参数范围,对熔覆层进行了宏观和显微组织观察及性能测试。结果表明,Ｎｉ６０熔覆层具有良好的耐磨性和使用性。     

椭圆方程组非负径向解的存在性

应用锥不动点理论证明了m(m≥1)雏半线性椭圆方程组非负径向解的存在性.     

Comparison of Travel Mode Choice Between Taxi and Subway Regarding Traveling Convenience

In this study, we investigate travel mode choice behavior between taxi and subway with an emphasis on the influence of traveling convenience. In the first stage, we examine the Origin-Destination(OD) points of Beijing taxi trips and compare these locations with the respective nearest subway station. Statistics reveal several interesting conclusions. First, for approximately 24.89% of all trips, no convenient subway connections exist between the OD pairs. As such, a taxi becomes the only viable choice. Second, for 80.23% of the remaining 75.11%of trips(equivalent to 60.26% of all trips), access distance from either the origin or the destination to the nearest subway station is greater than 500 meters. This phenomenon indicates that walking distance plays an important role in travel mode choice. In the second stage, we examine groups of taxi trips with similar travel distances and travel times to reveal common features. We establish a preference rule in terms of travel distance and travel time.This determines whether an individual driver will take a taxi or the subway, using a pairwise comparison-based preference regression model. Tests indicate that more than 95% of taxi trips can be correctly predicted by this preference rule. This conclusion reveals that traveling convenience dominates the travel model choice between taxi and subway. All these findings shed light on the factors that influence travel mode choice behavior.     

虚拟参考反馈校正控制器参数的预测误差辨识

针对未知系统中双控制器的设计问题,采用虚拟参考反馈校正方法,通过最小化由一组观测数据组成的L2范数所构成的代价函数,达到直接设计控制器目的.联合前馈控制器分离出的固定部分和反馈控制器作为滤波器,对原输入/输出关系式进行重参数化,得到标准的预测误差辨识形式,在所得式中,对控制器未知参数矢量采用可分离迭代的非线性最小二乘法进行估算.文中还对算法的收敛性进行了理论分析,并通过仿真验证了所提方法的有效性.     

毛细管电泳在线样品富集技术及在法庭科学中的应用

近几年发展了许多毛细管电泳在线(或在柱)样品浓缩的方法,这些方法无需对商品仪器进行改造,而是通过对样品、背景缓冲溶液的组成以及进样程序进行简单的调控而实现的。利用这些方法可以提高检测灵敏度,降低样品的浓度检测限,拓展CE在包括痕量分析的众多领域的应用。目前这些方法已被越来越广泛地应用于法庭科学领域。     

环境减灾卫星热红外数据的地表温度反演及LST分布分析——以北京市城八区为例

环境减灾卫星是我国第一个专门用于环境与灾害监测预报的小卫星星座,本文基于该卫星热红外数据,采用Jimenez-Munoz和JoseA.Sobrino提出的普适性单通道算法,反演2009年7月2日北京市区的地表温度,并将反演结果和当天的MODIS地表温度产品进行比较,初步认为HJ-1B热红外数据地表温度反演结果较好.最后依据反演得到的地表温度分布图,以及实测气温数据对北京市区的地表温度空间分布进行了简单分析,不同的地表类型温度相差较大,部分受水体、植被影响的区域也呈现低温区,市区建筑密集区属于高温区,机场温度明显高于周围区域,气温与地温呈现相同的趋势.     

微带线实现环形交叉耦合带通滤波器的设计

本文设计一种应用于小型化微波系统的微带线环形交叉耦合带通滤波器,可以更好改善系统的性能,应用较广泛.