带扩散的具有HollingⅢ类功能性反应的捕食模型的性质

建立了带扩散的具有HollingⅢ类功能性反应的捕食模型,讨论了模型的一致持久性,应用特征子空间分解与线性化的方法得到了模型正平衡点局部稳定性的充分条件,进一步通过构造适当的Lyapunov泛函的方法得到了正平衡点全局稳定性的充分条件.     

2007年诺贝尔医学奖青睐小鼠基因改造技术

诺贝尔奖是以瑞典著名化学家、硝化甘油炸药发明人诺贝尔的名字命名的.2007年的诺贝尔医学奖被称为"基因敲除"的奖项,获奖的三位科学家马里奥·卡佩基(Mario R.Capecchi),马丁·埃文斯(Martin J.Evans)和奥利弗·史密斯(Oliver Smithies)从各自不同的研究角度使这项技术成为可能.卡佩奇对于同源重组的研究奠定了基因敲除技术的基础.埃文斯的胚胎干细胞研究对于基因敲除技术具有意义.史密斯的工作使在培养细胞中的基因靶向技术成为可能.基因敲除技术又称为基因靶向技术,其基本方法包括通过同源重组改变基因,利用干细胞得到嵌合体小鼠,胚胎干细胞中进行同源重组,直到诞生基因敲除的小鼠.这项技术为基因治疗以及人类疾病的动物模型研究打下了基础.     

一种基于H.264的自适应快速模式选择算法

提出了一种基于H.264的快速模式选择算法.该算法首先进行Skip模式的判断.如果Skip模式不适合当前宏块,则继续利用宏块的空间同质性和时间静态性进行其他帧间模式的筛选.然后根据帧间模式选择的结果判断是否继续进行帧内预测.算法设计过程中,充分考虑Quan-tize Parameter对模式选择的影响,从而可以适用于不同码率的环境.实验证明,该算法在高低码率下都能在保证图像质量的同时大幅度提升编码速度.     

中国金边瑞香研究进展

综述了我国近二十年来金边瑞香主要研究,包括扦插、离体快繁、花期调控等科研现状以及生产应用概况,并对其育种、无土栽培等研究领域进行了展望。     

Progress in bionic information processing techniques for an electronic nose based on olfactory models

As a novel bionic analytical technique, an electronic nose, inspired by the mechanism of the biological olfactory system and integrated with modern sensing technology, electronic technology and pattern recognition technology, has been widely used in many areas. Moreover, recent basic research findings in biological olfaction combined with computational neuroscience promote its development both in methodology and application. In this review, the basic information processing principle of biological olfaction and artificial olfaction are summarized and compared, and four olfactory models and their applications to electronic noses are presented. Finally, a chaotic olfactory neural network is detailed and the utilization of several biologically oriented learning rules and its spatiotemporal dynamic propties for electronic noses are discussed. The integration of various phenomena and their mechanisms for biological olfaction into an electronic nose context for information processing will not only make them more bionic, but also perform better than conventional methods. However, many problems still remain, which should be solved by further cooperation between theorists and engineers. Supported by the National Creative Research Groups Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60421002) and National Basic Research Programme of China (Grant No. 2004CB720302)     

Mechanism of the interaction between Au nanoparticles and polymerase in nanoparticle PCR

Nanoparticle PCR is a novel method to optimize DNA amplification. It performs well in improving specificity, enhancing sensitivity and speed. Several mechanisms were proposed in previous studies: one was based on the interaction between gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and DNA while the other was attributed to the heat transfer property of AuNPs. In this paper, we propose that the interaction between AuNPs and DNA polymerase can significantly influence PCR. First, the addition of DNA polymerase can eliminate the inhibitory effects of excess AuNPs. Second, the addition of AuNPs will increase yield of the desired PCR product and make the optimum concentration of DNA polymerase move to higher value. Third, while excess polymerase might inhibit amplification efficiency, AuNPs can reverse this process and the yield of PCR amplification. Based on these results we propose a possible mechanism that AuNPs might modulate the activity of polymerase and improve PCR amplification.     

Rapid reductive degradation of azo dyes by a unique structure of amorphous alloys

An Fe-based amorphous alloy was found to significantly enhance the reductive degradation of an azo dye in aqueous solution. The surface-area normalized rate constant was up to 2.0 L m-2 min-1 at room temperature,an order of magnitude larger than any previously reported value. The activation energy of the degradation process was calculated according to the Arrhenius equation,and a much lower value than those previously reported was obtained. Valence band measurement indicated that a depressed valence band maximum and a widened empty band were established in the amorphous ribbon. The unique structure of the amorphous alloy is important-it may reduce the activation energy of the degradation process and enhance the activity of the electrons,thus accelerating the degradation process.     

基于被动矩阵有机发光二极管屏的光学指纹采集系统

目前智能门锁多采用光学指纹采集系统,针对其需要发光二极管(light-emitting diode,LED)背光源,存在功耗大、发光不均匀、光学指纹模块过厚的缺点,设计一种应用自发光被动矩阵有机发光二极管屏代替LED的光学指纹采集系统,改善了以上问题.且针对该方法采集的原始图像存在屏幕发光像素干扰的问题,提出平均值消除...     

基于信息熵的知识网度量方法及应用

为了解决知识网库中知识网的选择问题,提出了一种基于信息熵的知识网度量方法.首先,定义了基于信息熵的知识量函数,并证明了知识量函数的单调性.然后,将基于信息熵的知识网度量法用于基于用户功能需求的知识网选择中,并将基于用户功能需求的相似性和知识量作为评价知识网的量化指标.最后,在.NET平台上利用C#语言和数据库管理系统SQL Server 2000,开发出基于用户功能需求的知识网选择的使能工具,并通过实例证明,相似性和知识量的结合可以更好地对知识网进行度量.用户功能需求越详细,且知识网库中的知识网相似性值和知识量值越接近目标知识网,则搜索到的知识网越能满足用户的需求.     

污水环境下混凝土的腐蚀分析及防治

分析了污水环境对混凝土腐蚀的原因及其作用机理,认为污水对混凝土的腐蚀是多种因素的共同作用,不仅有厌氧微生物、好氧微生物、真菌对混凝土的腐蚀,同时还包括酸腐蚀、硫酸盐腐蚀,以及物理作用腐蚀等;指出了现行污水环境下混凝土防腐蚀措施的不足,提出了通过改善混凝土材料性能以提高污水环境下混凝土构筑物抗腐蚀能力的途径和措施.