多尺度多视点舰船目标红外视景仿真

基于模块化方法构建了舰船目标的多尺度多视点三维特征模型.根据大气传输参数、舰船材质的热物性参数和舰船温度分布,通过设置仿真软件Vega的SensorVision模块和SensorWorks模块参数,实现了舰船目标的多视点红外视景仿真.在此基础上,由多视点原始级别的红外仿真图像与二维高斯模糊模板进行卷积达到模糊降分辨率的效果,从而仿真出多尺度多视点的舰船目标红外图像.仿真结果表明,仿真生成的红外图像与实际图像较为接近,符合实际成像条件下的成像规律.     

基于一阶振型斜率的剪切型建筑结构损伤定位

提出了一种利用结构一阶振型斜率改变判断剪切型结构损伤位置的方法.首先,进行结构振型和振型斜率对损伤的敏感性分析,导出敏感性系数表达式.然后,计算结构损伤前后的一阶振型斜率差.最后,在敏感性分析和计算得到的结构一阶振型斜率差的基础上,通过迭代计算消除多损伤引起的振型斜率改变叠加进行损伤定位.通过10层剪切型框架结构不同损伤工况的数值分析表明,所提出的算法能够正确识别所有的损伤位置.     

分支结构血管中血液的对流换热分析

用有限元方法数值模拟了血管分支结构内血液流动的三维速度场和温度场,得到了分支血管壁面3个典型径向角度的局部努塞尔数和血管截面平均努塞尔数沿管长的变化曲线.结果表明:分支血管入口处的速度场和温度场分布与单管的分布明显不同;不同径向角度的局部努塞尔数相差很大;分支血管入口处截面平均努塞尔数大于单个直管内截面平均努塞尔数,且出现一个极大值Numax.计算了不同分支角度和分支半径比时的截面平均努塞尔数,结果表明:分支角度和半径比对Numax的大小和位置有一定影响;半径比越小,分支血管内截面平均努塞尔数趋于稳定值的速度越快.     

An Adaptive Multiscale Ensemble Learning Paradigm for Nonstationary and Nonlinear Energy Price Time Series Forecasting

For forecasting nonstationary and nonlinear energy prices time series, a novel adaptive multiscale ensemble learning paradigm incorporating ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and least square support vector machines (LSSVM) with kernel function prototype is developed. Firstly, the extrema symmetry expansion EEMD, which can effectively restrain the mode mixing and end effects, is used to decompose the energy price into simple modes. Secondly, by using the fine‐to‐coarse reconstruction algorithm, the high‐frequency, low‐frequency and trend components are identified. Furthermore, autoregressive integrated moving average is applicable to predicting the high‐frequency components. LSSVM is suitable for forecasting the low‐frequency and trend components. At the same time, a universal kernel function prototype is introduced for making up the drawbacks of single kernel function, which can adaptively select the optimal kernel function type and model parameters according to the specific data using the PSO algorithm. Finally, the prediction results of all the components are aggregated into the forecasting values of energy price time series. The empirical results show that, compared with the popular prediction methods, the proposed method can significantly improve the prediction accuracy of energy prices, with high accuracy both in the level and directional predictions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mutations in myosin heavy chain 11 cause a syndrome associating thoracic aortic aneurysm/aortic dissection and patent ductus arteriosus

We have recently described two kindreds presenting thoracic aortic aneurysm and/or aortic dissection (TAAD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and mapped the disease locus to 16p12.2-p13.13 (ref. 3). We now demonstrate that the disease is caused by mutations in the MYH11 gene affecting the C-terminal coiled-coil region of the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, a specific contractile protein of smooth muscle cells (SMC). All individuals bearing the heterozygous mutations, even if asymptomatic, showed marked aortic stiffness. Examination of pathological aortas showed large areas of medial degeneration with very low SMC content. Abnormal immunological recognition of SM-MHC and the colocalization of wild-type and mutant rod proteins in SMC, in conjunction with differences in their coimmunoprecipitation capacities, strongly suggest a dominant-negative effect. Human MYH11 gene mutations provide the first example of a direct change in a specific SMC protein leading to an inherited arterial disease.     

Control of a key transition from prostrate to erect growth in rice domestication

The transition from the prostrate growth of ancestral wild rice (O. rufipogon Griff.) to the erect growth of Oryza sativa cultivars was one of the most critical events in rice domestication. This evolutionary step importantly improved plant architecture and increased grain yield. Here we find that prostrate growth of wild rice from Yuanjiang County in China is controlled by a semi-dominant gene, PROG1 (PROSTRATE GROWTH 1), on chromosome 7 that encodes a single Cys(2)-His(2) zinc-finger protein. prog1 variants identified in O. sativa disrupt the prog1 function and inactivate prog1 expression, leading to erect growth, greater grain number and higher grain yield in cultivated rice. Sequence comparison shows that 182 varieties of cultivated rice, including 87 indica and 95 japonica cultivars from 17 countries, carry identical mutations in the prog1 coding region that may have become fixed during rice domestication.     

一种基于核主元分析的非参数控制限算法

实际过程中,监控指标值往往不满足确定的概率分布,给控制限的计算带来了困难,现有的计算方法计算复杂、精度差.根据高维空间良好的分类特性,提出一种基于核主元分析(KPCA)的监控指标控制限计算方法,将监控指标值映射到高维空间,再在高维空间中对其映射数据进行监控,实现了控制限的间接求取,避免了复杂的计算.     

EWMA控制图在MSA稳定性分析中的应用

针对传统的 Shewhart 控制图使用当前观测数据进行测量系统分析(MSA)的稳定性分析,不易检测出过程均值中存在的小偏移,而指数加权滑动平均(EWMA)和累计和(CUSUM)控制图考虑了历史数据,可以克服Shewhart 控制图在小波动情况下检测能力不足的缺陷:首先通过 Montle-Carlo 模拟计算控制图性能评价指标ARL(average run length),分析了 EWMA 和 CUSUM 控制图的优越性;然后给出了 EWMA 控制图在 MSA 稳定性分析中的实施步骤.示例分析表明 EWMA 在小波动时比 CUSUM 和 Shewhart 控制图更为有效.     

县域土地利用变化分析

以温州市永嘉县1990－1996年土地利用为研究内容,计算了有关土地利用的多种静态和动态指标,提出了新的土地利用动态量度的指标－结构转换度,并研究了各类土地利用及其变动人口密度、经济发展之间的关系。