Reconstruction of linkage maps in the distorted segregation populations of backcross, doubled haploid and recombinant inbred lines

Non-Mendelian segregation of markers, known as distorted segregation, is a common biological phenomenon. Although segregation distortion affects the estimation of map distances and the results of quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, the effects of distorted markers are often ignored in the construction of linkage maps and in QTL mapping. Recently, we have developed a multipoint method via a Hidden Markov chain method to reconstruct linkage maps in an F2 population that corrects for bias of map distances between distorted markers. In this article, the method is extended to cover backcross, doubled haploid and recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. The results from simulated experiments show that: (1) the degree that two linked segregation distortion loci (SDL) affect the estimation of map distances increases as SDL heritability and interval length between adjacent markers increase, whereas sample size has little effect on the bias; (2) two linked SDL result in the underesti- mation of linkage distances for most cases, overestimation for an additive model with opposite additive effects, and unbiased estimation for an epistatic model with negative additive-by-additive effects; (3) the proposed method can obtain the unbiased estimation of linkage distance. This new method was applied to a rice RIL population with severely distorted segregation to reconstruct the linkage maps, and a bootstrap method was used to obtain 95% confidence intervals of map distances. The results from real data analysis further demonstrate the utility of our method, which provides a foundation for the inheritance analysis of quantitative and viability traits.     

Coupling and propagating of mesoscale sea level variability between the western Pacific and the South China Sea

The coupling and propagating features of mesoscale sea level variability between the western Pacific (WP) and the South China Sea (SCS) were studied based on time series analyses of satellite altimeter measured, along-track sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) along 21°N and the slope of the northern SCS. The analyses show that mesoscale sea level fluctuations in the WP have rather limited coherent effects on the SCS, and no statistically significant propagation of mesoscale variability through the Luzon Strait was observed except in the 45-day band. Evidence suggests that the 45-day fluctuation is very much likely a character of the Kuroshio originating from its low-latitude beginning. It is also sug- gested that the westward propagating Rossby waves will deform when they encounter the dynamical barrier of the Kuroshio. The Kuroshio will then acts on the SCS in its own way. The SCS is a relatively isolated system in the sense of coupling and propagating of oceanic mesoscale waves.     

TBM工作原理及设备选型

结合山西省万家寨引黄工程中隧洞工程的实践,介绍了全断面掘进机(TBM)的工作原理及设备选型等问题。     

重离子碰撞中多源理想气体模型与同位旋依赖的量子分子动力学模型在25AMeV/n能量下计算结果的比较

应用多源理想气体模型（MSIG）的蒙特卡罗方法，计算25AMeV能量下，碰撞参数较大时（b=7—10fm），^86Kr-^124Sn碰撞产生的轻碎片的几种分布．将MSIG模型的计算结果与同位旋依赖的量子分子动力学模型（IDQMD）的计算结果进行比较，发现二者得到的模动量分布定性地符合，动量分量分布和方位角分布符合得很好，椭圆流和4阶动量各向异性流对模动量的依赖关系基本符合．     

中国东部地区一个中尺度对流涡旋的涡度收支分析

中尺度对流涡旋(MCV),与其他中尺度涡旋不同,有着其独特的动力机制与发展途径.一旦MCV形成,极易产生灾害性天气过程.为了解我国的MCV,使用非静力中尺度模式天气预报和研究模式对中国东部2003年7月4至5日降水过程进行了高分辨率的双向三重嵌套的数值模拟.与观测资料比较,模拟结果较为准确地再现了当时的大气状况.采用了空间滤波的方法对模式结果进行了大尺度背景场与中尺度扰动场的尺度分离,对MCV的结构与移动进行分析,并追随MCV的活动对其的涡度收支情况进行诊断分析.分析表明,大尺度背景场与中尺度扰动场对MCV的作用有着明显的差异.MCV的移动由大尺度背景风场引导;其中辐合作用直接决定了MCV的形成与发展,大尺度水平运动对中尺度涡度的水平输送为水平平流项的主要部分.而由垂直风速的水平变化所导致的水平涡度的倾斜作用在此MCV形成与发展阶段作用并不明显.成熟时的MCV与成熟时的中尺度对流复合体类似有着3个明显的环流,在对流层高层与低层均为辐散反气旋性环流,对流层中层则为较为深厚的气旋性环流.     

基于Web的工学院成绩管理系统的设计与实现

教学管理信息化是学校信息化的一项重要内容,工学院学生成绩管理系统是一个典型的MIS系统。文章根据工学院成绩管理的需求,设计了一种适合工学院学生成绩管理的模式。设计中利用管理学的原理和计算机的技术,通过浏览器、服务器的模式,对用户进行了分层管理:高层管理员用户、中层管理用户、基层管理员用户。根据不同层次的用户,拥有不同的管理权限。该系统利用学校的局域网络和互联网,在能上网的地方实现不同用户的操作需求。     

兰州市应用空气源热泵的可行性及对空气质量的改善

从兰州市的气候条件和国内外学者对低温热泵的试验和研究以及有关的工程实例等方面论述了在兰州城区采用空气源热泵进行取暖和空调是可行的。它为进一步减少兰州城区的空气污染,改善空气质量、节约水资源和电力资源提供了一种新的思路,值得在兰州市城区试验、推广这一高效、节能、环保的采暖空调技术。     

云贵两省毗邻地区经济发展探索

在中国"行政区经济"背景下,省际毗邻地区即使资源丰富,经济也不甚发达,形成了特殊的"行政区边缘经济"现象。云贵两省毗邻地区属于典型的"行政区边缘经济"、弱弱型边界区域,矿产资源丰富,但存在交通、环境等制约因素,因此协同发展在此类区域有极强的必要性,边界中心城市的培育、政府观念的转变是加快此类区域发展的关键。     

宝北区块低渗高陡构造油藏综合开发技术研究

宝浪油田宝北区块属于低渗高陡背斜油藏.针对高陡构造认识难度大、低渗油藏开发过程中易造成油层伤害等开发难点,开展了油藏地质综合研究,形成了以波动方程串级深度偏移处理方法为主的高陡构造识别技术、高气油比低渗油藏注水开发配套技术及以屏蔽暂堵技术和油管传输负压射孔技术为主的整体油层保护技术.经过近十年的开发实践证明,综合开发技术应用效果良好.     

DCT域下采样中的宏块变换算法的研究

针对视频转码的下采样过程中，因P帧中包含帧内宏块而需要在多宏块合成中对不同宏块编码方式进行转换的问题，提出一种DCT（Discrete Cosine Transform）域下的可行算法。该算法通过在DCT域下完成对参考帧的部分解码，实现帧内宏块和帧间宏块相互转化，从而高效地解决因下采样过程中多个宏块合成而导致的宏块编码方式冲突问题。