平面汞膜电极恒电位阳极溶出极限电流方程式的推导和实验验证

本文推导出膜电极恒电位阳极溶出极限电流方程式,以平面厚汞膜电极对该式进行了实验验证。实验结果与理论式基本相符。     

Biotransformation, by Enterobacter agglomerans, of pyrimidine acyclonucleosides to acyclonucleotides.

The ability of Enterobacter agglomerans to transform naturally occurring nucleosides into nucleotides has been utilized to transform newly synthesized pyrimidine acyclonucleosides into the corresponding acyclonucleotides. Unselected bacteria were used as the source of nucleoside phosphotransferase, the phosphate group donor being 4-nitrophenyl phosphate in the presence of Zn2+ ions. Optimal reaction conditions are outlined.     

Clustering of voltage-dependent sodium channels on axons depends on Schwann cell contact.

In myelinated nerves, segregation of voltage-dependent sodium channels to nodes of Ranvier is crucial for saltatory conduction along axons. As sodium channels associate and colocalize with ankyrin at nodes of Ranvier, one possibility is that sodium channels are recruited and immobilized at axonal sites which are specified by the subaxolemmal cytoskeleton, independent of glial cell contact. Alternatively, segregation of channels at distinct sites along the axon may depend on glial cell contact. To resolve this question, we have examined the distribution of sodium channels, ankyrin and spectrin in myelination-competent cocultures of sensory neurons and Schwann cells by immunofluorescence, using sodium channel-, ankyrin- and spectrin-specific antibodies. In the absence of Schwann cells, sodium channels, ankyrin and spectrin are homogeneously distributed on sensory axons. When Schwann cells are introduced into these cultures, the distribution of sodium channels dramatically changes so that channel clusters on axons are abundant, but ankyrin and spectrin remain homogeneously distributed. Addition of latex beads or Schwann cell membranes does not induce channel clustering. Our results suggest that segregation of sodium channels on axons is highly dependent on interactions with active Schwann cells and that continuing axon-glial interactions are necessary to organize and maintain channel distribution during differentiation of myelinated axons.     

用栅板剪切干涉法确定应力强度因子

本文介绍了一种用栅板剪切干涉法确定应力强度因子的新方法,阐明了该方法的基本原理与实验技术,通过三点弯曲梁确定了Ⅰ型裂纹应力强度因子,实验结果与理论上近似计算结果相符合。     

地域生产综合体理论：概念,原理及评价

本文旨在对曾在原苏联流行后来又传向中国和其他国家的一种经济地理理论──地域生产综合体（ＴＰＣ）理论进行分析．作者在论述了这一理论的几个基本组成部分──生产结构理论、专业化与综合发展相结合理论及动态理论的基础上，指出这一理论在集中计划体制下组织区域经济发展的作用，但因体制本身的障碍与弱点，这一理论有着更大的缺陷与不足。因而在市场经济体制建立过程中，这一理论是应该予以摒弃的．     

The failing heart.

Cardiomyopathies are disorders affecting heart muscle that usually result in inadequate pumping of the heart. They are the most common cause of heart failure and each year kill more than 10,000 people in the United States. In recent years, there have been breakthroughs in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in this group of conditions, with knowledge of the genetic basis for cardiomyopathies perhaps seeing the largest advance, enabling clinicians to devise improved diagnostic strategies and preparing the stage for new therapies.     

A calcium sensor in the sodium channel modulates cardiac excitability.

Sodium channels are principal molecular determinants responsible for myocardial conduction and maintenance of the cardiac rhythm. Calcium ions (Ca2+) have a fundamental role in the coupling of cardiac myocyte excitation and contraction, yet mechanisms whereby intracellular Ca2+ may directly modulate Na channel function have yet to be identified. Here we show that calmodulin (CaM), a ubiquitous Ca2+-sensing protein, binds to the carboxy-terminal 'IQ' domain of the human cardiac Na channel (hH1) in a Ca2+-dependent manner. This binding interaction significantly enhances slow inactivation-a channel-gating process linked to life-threatening idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias. Mutations targeted to the IQ domain disrupted CaM binding and eliminated Ca2+/CaM-dependent slow inactivation, whereas the gating effects of Ca2+/CaM were restored by intracellular application of a peptide modelled after the IQ domain. A naturally occurring mutation (A1924T) in the IQ domain altered hH1 function in a manner characteristic of the Brugada arrhythmia syndrome, but at the same time inhibited slow inactivation induced by Ca2+/CaM, yielding a clinically benign (arrhythmia free) phenotype.     

设备诊断专家系统的层次诊断模型

本文在讨论复杂机电系统故障特征之后,提出了诊断专家系统的层次诊断模型.该模型以对象系统的结构分级为基础,使用作者提出的征兆分析法、功能分析法和综合信号分析法等三种具体诊断方法,得到了分层适应诊断的层次诊断模型.最后介绍了以层次诊断模型为基础的汽车发动机诊断专家系统的概况.     

汉语欧化与近代散文文体解放

汉语自19世纪末开始走上漫长的欧化之路,在语音、词汇、句法等方面,汉语欧化痕迹均十分明显.汉语欧化进程中,近代散文文体得到了极大的解放,同时散文对语言欧化进程也有一定的影响.以新文体、逻辑文为例可以分析得出,政论散文由于欧化而趋向浅近、平易,表达方式趋于严谨,语意更加曲折.但是散文文体的解放仍然有限,近代散文家对古文的复杂态度,古文广泛的作者和读者基础,构成散文文体全面解放的阻力.     

醚类汽油添加剂与L-02正常人肝细胞、人血红蛋白的体外作用研究

研究了新型无铅汽油添加剂甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）、甲基叔戊基醚（TMAE）对正常人肝细胞系L－02的毒性作用，在较高浓度下，MTBE、TAME均对L－02正常人肝细胞的生长有影响，且TAME的毒性作用稍强，另外，用FT－IR法和^1H-NMR法研究了MTBE、TAME与人血红蛋白的体外作用，结果显示，MTBE、TAME与人血红蛋白无明显的直接作用。